Muhlburg (Karlsruhe)

Muhlburg; ;
	District of the city of Karlsruhe
	Basic data
Geographer. location	49 ° 1 ′ N , 8 ° 21 ′ E Coordinates: 49 ° 1 ′ N , 8 ° 21 ′ E
height	113 m above sea level NN
surface	5.2641 km²
Residents	16,408 (as of June 30, 2014)
Population density	3,117 inhabitants per km²
Incorporated	January 1, 1886
Postcodes	76185
prefix	0721
	Transport links
Federal road
Regional train	R 51
Light rail	S 2 S 5 S 51 S 52
tram	2 5 6
Bus routes	60 62 70 222
Night traffic	NL5

Mühlburg , a formerly independent city , is now a district in the west of Karlsruhe and lies on the Alb River . At the western end, the district is bounded by the Rheinhafen Karlsruhe , which also belongs to the Mühlburg district. In the east, Mühlburg joins the west of Karlsruhe in a flowing transition. Next to the even older Durlach, Mühlburg is the second sub-center (so-called B-center ) of the city of Karlsruhe with lively business and many shopping opportunities. The regional nickname of the residents is Millichseihle (milk pig ).

history

The place was first mentioned in 1248 as Mulenberc . Mulnberg Castle was first mentioned around 1258, when Margrave Rudolf I of Baden was named as the owner in 1265. In 1274 Mühlburg, Grötzingen , Durlach and other places were occupied by the Roman-German King Rudolf I of Habsburg . In 1670 the community of Mühlburg received town charter . A "freedom letter" was issued, like a few years later for Karlsruhe , which was supposed to encourage the settlement of craftsmen and other new citizens. The margrave of Baden planned the further expansion of the city, which, however, was slow. 1689 was a black year for the city: During the Palatinate War of Succession , the city of Mühlburg and the stately moated castle were destroyed by French troops , along with many other Baden cities . The slogan “Ruinez les pays de Bade” (English: “Ruiniere the Baden countries”) issued by the French “Sun King” Louis XIV is implemented with great rigor. The castle was not rebuilt. Most of the stones from Mühlburg Castle were used to build Karlsruhe Castle. With the new city of Karlsruhe in the immediate vicinity, Mühlburg and the old Durlach residence gradually lost importance over the next few decades. In 1886 the city of Mühlburg was finally incorporated into Karlsruhe with 4100 inhabitants and an area of 210 hectares . The district boundaries of Mühlburg were then significantly shifted. Mühlburg lost a large area to the growing western city of Karlsruhe and a piece of Grünwinkel, but instead got the entire area of the later Rhine port from the old, also incorporated fishing villages of Daxlanden and Knielingen and thus gained access to the Rhine. In a solemn ceremony in Mühlburg in 1901, the Rheinhafen Karlsruhe was opened in the presence of Grand Duke Friedrich I of Baden . In 1998 Mühlburg was first mentioned in a document for 750 years.

Castle and Mill

Location of the castle in the city map from 1914 after excavations from 1912 to 1914 (detail of the city map with a drawing by Otto Linde )

At the time when the Rhine was still a wild, uneven river and the gray herons flew their tracks over the swampy riparian forests, there was a castle on the high bank of the Rhine. This stood where a Roman road had crossed the river Alb since olden days . The Margraves of Baden had built this castle, presumably to collect customs duties at this point. The name Mulenberc appears for the first time for the place in 1248 , today it is no longer possible to determine which actually came first - the castle or the mill that gave it its name. The margrave set up a chaplaincy in the castle chapel there in 1488. This is where the first services in Mühlburg took place. Mühlburg even at that time was only a castle stains with customs house, mill and "Dubadurn" probably the pigeon tower , which supplied the castle kitchen with pigeons eggs and young birds. The bird catcher was also responsible for the "duck catching" mentioned in 1475, a device in which wild ducks could be caught. Around the year 1530, the castle, in which the margraves temporarily resided, was expanded in keeping with their status. In 1565 it was chosen as the summer residence of Margrave Karl II of Baden-Durlach and expanded and rebuilt again. But times were troubled. In 1622 the castle was burned down during the Thirty Years' War . When peace finally returned, the palace was generously rebuilt. The margrave was now planning to found a town, and huge street plans were drawn. And the margrave promised: "If there are 40 to 50 households, we want to show a gracious mind with regard to church, council, department and other townhouses." Despite generous assurances of freedom of trade and religion, the city's growth stagnated. As early as 1689, the newly built palace was destroyed again during the War of the Palatinate Succession . This time it was not rebuilt. 25 years later, parts of the Karlsruhe Palace were built from its ruins . According to presumptions, Mühlburg might have become the capital of the later Grand Duchy of Baden with a different history . But as is well known, it did not come to that. The few Mühlburgers had to wander to the church in Knielingen for 21 years after the castle was destroyed . Today there are no traces left of the castle or palace and the mill (the latter was demolished in 1942, today the district library and police station). Apart from a commemorative plaque at the duck catcher in Mühlburg, nothing reminds of the magnificent moated castle and the importance of Mühlburg at that time.

Buildings

The Seldeneck farm, seat of the administration of the Kammer-Kirsch GmbH distillery

The Mühlburg thermal power station , which can be seen from afar, is located in Mühlburg . Behind him is the port area of the Karlsruhe Rhine port .

The " Seldeneck'sche bequest " was once inhabited by Margrave Wilhelm Ludwig (1732–1788), brother of the later Grand Duke Karl Friedrich and four-time great-grandfather of Marie Luise Kaschnitz , after he had married a commoner. The associated castle itself was demolished. The representative factory owner's villa of the Seldenecks is today the seat of the Kammer-Kirsch GmbH distillery. Behind it is now the Tempel cultural center in Wilhelminian style architecture with various gastronomic and cultural facilities as well as offices.

Catholic St. Peter and Paul Church (2011)

The Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul, built in 1886 by Adolf Williard, which was almost completely destroyed in a heavy Allied bombing on December 4, 1944, still has its double tower facade. The monumental wall paintings from the 1920s by Albert Haueisen inside the church were lost due to the destruction.

The Protestant Karl Friedrich Memorial Church from 1786, designed by Johann Friedrich Weyhing and which was given its name in 1903 during a generous expansion in memory of the founder, Margrave Karl Friedrich von Baden , also met a similar destructive fate . In 1944 it burned out completely. After reconstruction, it was reopened in 1951 with a modified tower and is still one of the landmarks of Mühlburg today.

Personalities

The most famous Mühlburg Carl Benz was born on November 25th, 1844. His exact place of birth was long disputed, but now there is general consensus that he was born not far from today's Rheinstrasse 22 in Mühlburg. A memorial including an "eternal parking lot" was created at this point in 2011. He is considered the inventor of the first automobile , built and tested in Mannheim in the summer of 1885 , officially recognized on January 29, 1886 with imperial patent 37435. His name can still be found today in the automobile brand Mercedes-Benz . An event hall, a school in Mühlburg and an English-language study facility at the university in Karlsruhe-Stadt , the Carl Benz School, are named after him.

The writer Marie Luise Kaschnitz (born von Holzing, 1901–1974) lived as a pupil with maternal grandfather Wilhelm Rudolf von Seldeneck (1849–1925) next to the castle of the same name in a representative villa with a large garden in Mühlburg. She was familiar with the house and garden there from previous vacations. Marie Luise Kaschnitz loved the garden very much; The garden motif appears again and again in her work: "The grandparents' house in Mühlburg near Karlsruhe, the old, damp, shady garden, the rose house, the brewery ..."

From 1936 the sculptor Carl Egler (1896–1982) lived with his wife in a small house in Mühlburg at Marktstraße 4. The house, workshop, studio, courtyard and garden were designed, worked on and lovingly embellished by him. They represent a total work of art that was also created with the help of his brothers Willi and Ludwig (1894–1966, writer and composer). Carl Egler worked for the Majolika Karlsruhe, among others.

Club life

The sports club VfB Mühlburg was one of the two founding clubs of the Karlsruher SC .

The Bürgererverein Mühlburg 1898 eV has taken on an important interface function since the incorporation of the city into Karlsruhe as a contact point between the citizens of Mühlburg and the responsible city administration.

In the business world there has been the “Interest Group Attraktives Mühlburg eV” since 1979. The interest group is committed to the beautification of the district. Further tasks are to maintain a good mix of branches in the purchasing area and to ensure the local supply of the B-Zentrum Mühlburg.

traffic

Karlsruhe-Mühlburg train station with McDonald's drive-in

Mühlburg has a train station on the Winden – Karlsruhe line .

swell

↑ IMPRINT - Kammer-Kirsch distillery. Retrieved December 18, 2014 .

↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated June 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. New references to the house where Carl Benz was born @1@ 2

↑ City of Karlsruhe: “Eternal parking lot” for Karlsruhe car pioneer Carl Benz ( Memento of the original from March 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed April 20, 2015. @1@ 2

^ [1] Mühlburg Citizens' Association. Retrieved June 6, 2019.

^ [2] Interest group "attractive Mühlburg" eV. Accessed on June 6, 2019.

literature

City Archives Karlsruhe (Ed.) Mühlburg. Forays through local history . Info-Verlag, Karlsruhe 1998, ISBN 3-88190-227-9

Web links

Commons : Mühlburg - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[1] IMPRINT - Kammer-Kirsch distillery. Retrieved December 18, 2014 .