Rudolf I (Baden)

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Margrave Rudolf I of Baden - (lithograph c. 1820)

Margrave Rudolf I of Baden (* around 1230 ; † November 19, 1288 ) was the ruling margrave of Baden from 1243 to 1288 . Because of his territorial acquisitions, he is also regarded in literature as the actual founder of the Margraviate of Baden.

Life

Rudolf was the son of Margrave Hermann V of Baden and the Countess Palatine Irmengard bei Rhein († 1260), a daughter of Count Palatine Heinrich I bei Rhein .

He initially took over together with his brother Hermann VI. the paternal inheritance, until he moved to Austria in 1247 after marrying into the Austrian ducal family and gave Rudolf I sole rule over the margraviate of Baden . His brother died in 1250 and his nephew Friedrich , born in 1249, was executed in Naples in 1268 together with the last Hohenstaufen, Konradin - Rudolf therefore reigned unchallenged in the margraviate.

On October 5, 1255, the margrave sold his farm in Steinheim an der Murr to the newly founded Mariental monastery . This courtyard forms the structural basis of the monastery.

In 1257 Rudolf married Kunigunde von Eberstein . Since the Ebersteiners could hardly raise any more financial means at that time, they bequeathed half of Alt-Eberstein Castle to him as a dowry . The other half was sold to him by his brother-in-law Otto II von Eberstein in 1283. The castle was then partly the seat of the Margraves of Baden in the 14th century.

In 1250 Rudolf I began to expand Hohenbaden Castle . On August 23, 1258, King Richard of Cornwall granted the town of Steinbach city ​​rights at his request . The Lords of Weißenstein sold him their Liebeneck Castle together with the village of Würm in 1268 .

Rudolf I was involved in many armed conflicts with the Counts of Württemberg over areas of Baden and with the Bishop of Strasbourg over the Rhine tolls. It was only through a later marriage of one of Rudolf's sons that a reconciliation came about with the Counts of Württemberg.

Rudolf I is considered a patron of churches and monasteries, so the aisle built in 1250 and the Katharinenchor with its famous frescoes of the pilgrimage church in Bickesheim go back to him. As a lover of art and minnesang , he was praised by Beppo von Basel as a pious and benevolent person.

His bones rest in the Lichtenthal monastery .

coat of arms

The oldest known coat of arms of Baden, carved in stone, is on a house in Kuppenheim . This coat of arms dates from the time of Rudolf I (see inscription). A close-up on the right.

  • Badisches Wappen Kuppenheim.jpg
  • Badisches Wappen Kuppenheim2.jpg

Marriage and offspring

On May 20, 1257, Rudolf I married Kunigunde von Eberstein , (* around 1230; † April 12, 1284/90 in Lichtental ), the daughter of Count Otto von Eberstein . The following children were born from this marriage:

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Rudolf I of Baden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Joseph Bader: Margrave Rudolf the First of Baden. Karlsruhe 1843, p.2 estimates that the birth already about 1,218 in the year of the death of Berthold V. was. This is supported by the estimated age of his father and the documents that show Rudolf and his brother as legally acting persons as early as 1243
  2. ↑ JGF Pflüger: History of the City of Pforzheim , p. 55.
  3. ^ "Margrave Rudolf von Baden sells his court there to the prioress and the nuns in Steinheim for 100 pounds hellers and 40 marks silver, subject to a ten-year redemption right", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume V., No. 1361, pages 128-129, October 5th 1255. In: Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg [accessed on February 18, 2017]
  4. ^ Homepage of the parish
predecessor Office successor
Hermann V. Margrave of Baden
1243–1288
(1243–1247 together with Hermann VI. ) 		Hermann VII.
personal data
SURNAME Rudolf I.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Margrave Rudolf I of Baden
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Margrave of Baden
DATE OF BIRTH around 1230
DATE OF DEATH November 19, 1288