Steinheim an der Murr

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 58 '  N , 9 ° 17'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Stuttgart
County :	Ludwigsburg
Height :	200 m above sea level NHN
Area :	23.18 km 2
Residents:	12,220 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	527 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	71711
Primaries :	07144, 07148
License plate :	LB, VAI
Community key :	08 1 18 070
City administration address :	Marktstrasse 29 71711 Steinheim an der Murr
Website :	www.stadt-steinheim.de
Mayor :	Thomas Winterhalter (independent)
Location of the town of Steinheim an der Murr in the Ludwigsburg district

Steinheim an der Murr is a town in the Ludwigsburg district in Baden-Württemberg . It belongs to the Stuttgart region (until 1992 the Middle Neckar region ) and the European metropolitan region of Stuttgart .

Steinheim is the place where Homo steinheimensis was found , which, with an estimated age of around 250,000 years, is the third oldest find from early human history in Europe.

geography

Geographical location

The Murr near Steinheim

Steinheim lies on the lower reaches of the Murr at an altitude of 190 to 392 meters in the northeast of the Ludwigsburg district and has a share in the natural areas of the Neckar Basin and Swabian-Franconian Forest Mountains . The Bottwar flows through the town and flows into the Murr a little west of the town center.

City structure

Steinheim an der Murr consists of the districts Höpfigheim , Kleinbottwar and Steinheim. The spatial boundaries of the districts are identical to those of the former municipalities of the same name. The districts are officially named by prefixing the name of the city and followed by the name of the districts connected by hyphens. The districts also form residential districts in the sense of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code and in the districts of Höpfigheim and Kleinbottwar are localities in the sense of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code with their own local council and mayor as its chairman. The Höpfigheim district includes the village of Höpfigheim (three kilometers north-west of Steinheim an der Murr) and the abandoned village of Spießhof. The Kleinbottwar district includes the village of Kleinbottwar (two kilometers north of Steinheim an der Murr an der Bottwar), the hamlet of Forsthof and Schaubeck Castle and Homestead . The Steinheim district includes the village of Steinheim an der Murr, the hamlets Lehrhof and Vorderbirkenhof and the Buchhof homestead as well as the abandoned villages of Hornungshof and Sigebotsbůch.

Neighboring communities

The most important neighboring towns are Großbottwar in the north, Murr (immediately adjacent to the west) and Rielingshausen (district of Marbach am Neckar ) in the east. The Hardtwald also delimits the urban area in the east .

Division of space

According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.

history

Early history

The Steinheim area was already settled in Roman times (90–260 AD), as evidenced by excavations of a Roman bath and several brick kilns. Around 500 AD a local nobility from Steinheim , the Lords of Steinheim , was installed by the Merovingians . This is how a Franconian village came into being. The lords of Steinheim had on today's castle hill , a fortress and waiting , which was built around 800 n. Chr.. It was probably completely destroyed in 1250. Steinheim is first mentioned in the Lorsch Codex , dated September 13, 832. In the 12th century, the Margraves of Baden built a manor on the remains of the Roman bath . In 1254 the knight Berthold von Blankenstein and his wife Elisabeth von Blankenstein (née Elisabeth von Steinheim ) founded the Mariental Monastery and donated it to a. the Steinheim parish church. When Pope Innocent IV approved the founding of the monastery , it is noticeable that on the same date, April 4, 1251, the Pope also approved the marriage of the monastery founders. For this reason, it is believed that the marriage permit was supported by the foundation of the monastery.

The monastery was in the former manor of Baden and became an influential convent of the Dominican Sisters , the u. a. also acquired lands in Esslingen am Neckar and held local rule from 1271. The city name was still "Steinen" at that time.

In the 14th century, Steinheim continued to develop and considerable financial resources had to be raised to build city walls and ditches. In order to make this possible, Emperor Charles IV exempted the Steinheimers from paying taxes until further notice, in order to be able to use the money available to build the buildings.

Emperor Karl IV waives the tax for the citizens of Steinheim so that they can use this money to build city walls and moats, April 21, 1365.

The Mariental monastery was secularized during the Reformation between 1550 and 1560 and burned down completely in 1643; Excavation finds can now be viewed in the Museum of the Monastery and Town History. Before the transition to Württemberg in 1564, the place was occasionally referred to as a city, but the city charter was not formally granted until 1955.

Steinheim an der Murr, Kieser local views, 1686.

19th and 20th centuries

As a result of the administrative reform that came into force on January 1, 1818 , the Kingdom of Württemberg was divided into 64 higher offices . Steinheim was assigned to the Oberamt Marbach .

Towards the end of the 19th century, Steinheim developed into an important location for the Württemberg furniture industry, which today, however, hardly plays a role anymore. Steinheim belonged to the Oberamt Marbach and after its dissolution in 1938 came to the district of Ludwigsburg .

In 1933 the skull of an early man , the so-called Homo steinheimensis , was found near Steinheim . To this day it is the third oldest human find in all of Europe. The Homo steinheimensis is the original man-museum devoted to Steinheim.

During the administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg , Steinheim came to the Ludwigsburg district in 1938 .

Erwin Kreetz memorial plaque

One of the end-of-war crimes occurred on April 17, 1945 in the quarry on the road between Steinheim and Kleinbottwar . The Wehrmacht soldier Erwin Kreetz , who had learned of his wife's death, left the troops, was seized and, on the orders of Major General Kurt von Mühlen , commander of the 559th Volksgrenadier Division, shot in this quarry. A memorial stone has been commemorating this since 1989.

After the Second World War, Steinheim became part of the American zone of occupation and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden , which was incorporated into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.

Population development

Population figures according to the respective area. The numbers are census results (¹) or official updates from the Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office (only main residences ).

year Residents December 1, 1871¹ 2,614 December 1, 1880¹ 2,822 December 1, 1890¹ 2,945 December 1, 1900¹ 2,866 December 1, 1910¹ 2,836 June 16, 1925¹ 2,969 June 16, 1933¹ 3,100 May 17, 1939¹ 3,187 September 13, 1950¹ 4.215 June 6, 1961¹ 5,344

year Residents May 27, 1970¹ 7,071 December 31, 1980 8,537 May 25, 1987¹ 9,454 December 31, 1990 10,316 December 31, 1995 10,923 December 31, 2000 11,152 December 31, 2005 11,636 December 31, 2010 12,039 December 31, 2015 12,219 January 1, 2017 12,446

religion

Due to its affiliation with Altwürttemberg , Steinheim has been predominantly evangelical since the Reformation. There are three Evangelical Lutheran parishes in Steinheim an der Murr , responsible for Steinheim, Kleinbottwar and Höpfigheim. The parishes belong to the Marbach parish of the Evangelical Regional Church . There is also a Methodist community. After the Second World War, Catholic parishes also formed due to the influx of displaced persons and migrants. In 1954 the Catholic Holy Spirit Church was established. The Holy Spirit Congregation and the San Giuseppe Congregation for Catholics from Italy belong to the Ludwigsburg deanery . There is also a parish office of the New Apostolic Church .

politics

Municipal council

In Steinheim an der Murr, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection of a part of town. The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The municipal council in Steinheim has 22 members after the last election (previously: 24). The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the result shown below. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.

Market fountain and town hall

George's Church in the Kleinbottwar district

Parties and constituencies		% 2019	Seats 2019	% 2014	Seats 2014	Local elections 2019  % 40 30th 20th 10 0 32.59% 29.60% 20.52% 17.29% CDU FW Green SPD Gains and losses compared to 2014  % p  12  10    8th    6th    4th    2    0   -2   -4   -6   -8th -10 -5.79  % p + 10.85  % p.p. + 3.15  % p -8.21  % p CDU FW Green SPD
CDU	Christian Democratic Union of Germany	32.59	7th	38.38	9
SPD	Social Democratic Party of Germany	17.29	4th	25.50	6th
FW	Free voters Steinheim an der Murr eV	29.60	6th	18.75	5
GREEN	Alliance 90 / The Greens	20.52	5	17.37	4th
total		100	22nd	100	24
voter turnout		62.69%		57.90%

mayor

• 1962–1996: Alfred Ulrich
• 1996–2008: Joachim Scholz
• 2008–2017: Thomas Rosner
• since February 2, 2017: Thomas Winterhalter

In the mayoral election on December 14, 2008, Thomas Rosner prevailed against three competitors in the second ballot with 57.90 percent of the valid votes cast.

In the subsequent mayor election on November 6, 2016, Thomas Winterhalter prevailed with 75.2 percent in the first ballot against then mayor Thomas Rosner and two other competitors.

badges and flags

Floor panel of the twin city at the town hall

The blazon of the city's coat of arms reads: "In red under the orb-like golden mark, six silver stones stacked on top of one another (1: 2: 3)."

The coat of arms was featured in the municipal seal before 1558 . The first records of the imperial apple-like patch sign date from 1422. The city flag is red-yellow-white and has been in this color sequence since 1863.

Town twinning

•  Sárvár , Hungary, since May 1990

Economy and Infrastructure

Steinheim is a wine-growing place whose locations belong to the major locations Wunnenstein and Schalkstein in the Württemberg lowlands of the Württemberg wine-growing region .

traffic

Former train station in Steinheim an der Murr

Kleinbottwar and Steinheim were located on the Bottwarbahn , a narrow-gauge line from Marbach am Neckar to Beilstein , which was inaugurated in 1894. The Royal Württemberg State Railways built the station buildings as standard stations of type I or IIa. The route was later extended to Heilbronn-Süd .

In 1966, however, passenger traffic was discontinued and freight traffic was continued until 1989 after being re-tracked between Marbach and Steinheim. Until 2016, the locomotive 99 651 (popularly known as the “duck killer”) at the old station in Steinheim was a reminder of the era of the narrow-gauge railway. However, due to the high restoration costs, it was decided at a municipal council meeting on February 16, 2016 to transfer the locomotive to the Museum Association Öchsle Schmalspurbahn e. V. in Ochsenhausen.

Since the end of rail traffic, the public transport connection in Steinheim has only consisted of bus lines. Line 460 (Marbach – Beilstein) of the Stuttgart Regional Bus runs every half hour. During rush hour there is also line 461, which runs through the Horrenwinkel development area.

Public facilities

There is a retirement and nursing home of the district's own shamrock nursing homes .

Culture and sights

Old Murr Bridge

Urmensch Museum in the Hans-Trautwein-Haus

• Prehistoric Man Museum
• Museum of the monastery and town history
• Half-timbered town hall from 1686
• Schaubeck Castle The Schaubeck Castle, which dates back to the 13th century, is located between the Kleinbottwar and Steinheim districts. The castle is privately owned by the Graf Adelmann family and is also the seat of the Graf Adelmann winery. The nationally known "Wine and Culture Days" take place at the castle every two years.
• Water wheel from 1896
• Steppe elephant Steppi : The almost five-meter-high, steel replica of the mammoth skeleton found on August 6, 1910 when the sand was extracted in the Sammet mine was presented to the public in August 2010, exactly 100 years after the original was discovered.
• St. George's Church in the Kleinbottwar district : The late Gothic style Protestant church from the end of the 15th century has stepped gables that are atypical for this area. In 1838, eight valuable glass paintings were sold well below value, five of which were not found again until the end of the 20th century. Corresponding copies were made in 1992/93 and have been back in the church since then. Furthermore, the baptismal font from the time of the founders (1500) is located in the church.
• As part of the land consolidation, a lapidarium was laid out in 1975 with some Roman consecration stones (2nd century) and several old boundary stones, the oldest of which dates from 1422. The lapidarium is located on Alte Kleinbottwarer Straße, between Steinheim and Schaubeck Castle.
• Burgberg lookout point with barbecue area
• Former monastery wine press from 1489
• 13th century mill
• Market fountain from 1687
• Schlößle from 1624
• St. Martin's Church, first mentioned in a document in 1235
• Former town hall from 1594.

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  Former monastery wine press

• 

  Mill

• 

  Market fountain

• 

  Schlößle

• 

  Schlößle south view

• 

  St. Martin's Church

• 

  Former town hall

• 

  Steinheim steppe elephant in the implementation in the roundabout

Sports

• TSG Steinheim: The gymnastics, sports and singing club Steinheim eV 1892 has seven departments and offers table tennis, football, volleyball, gymnastics and athletics, chess and singing.
• FC Steinheim: A pure football club with no further departments.
• TC Steinheim: A pure tennis club without any further departments
• Bottwartal-Marathon: The Bottwartal-Marathon has been held annually since 2003 and the finish line is in Steinheim.
• Wellarium mineral wave swimming pool

Sons and daughters of the church

• Elisabeth von Steinheim , married Elisabeth von Blankenstein († before 1275), wife of knight Berthold von Blankenstein († before April 25, 1269). The marriage was approved by Pope Innocent IV on April 21, 1251. The couple is the founder of the Mariental Monastery in Steinheim .
• Jacob Lemp (* between 1460 and 1470–1532), theologian and lawyer, professor and rector of the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen
• Johann Jacob Reinhardt (around 1556–1609), lawyer, professor at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen
• Ludwig von Pfeiffer (1790–1854), senior administrator in Württemberg
• Philipp Christoph Zeller (1808–1883), entomologist (entomologist)
• Eduard Zeller (1814–1908), born in Kleinbottwar, theologian and philosopher
• Erwin Scheu (1886–1981), geographer

literature

• K. Senftleber: The history of the Marienthal monastery in Steinheim an der Murr. Approval work 1953. Manuscript in the Steinheim City Archives. Contributions to local history, Steinheim.
• M. Karl Pfaff, Vice-Rector at the Pedagogy in Eßlingen: “Mishaps from Wirtenberg's history at the same time explanations and further explanations about his history in Wirtenberg”. Stuttgart, JB Metzler'sche Buchhandlung, 1824, Chapter III “History of the Reformation of the women's monastery in Steinheim an der Murr 1553–1566 (from the diary of a nun of this monastery.)”, Pages 49-67 (available from Google Books [accessed on 18 February 2017]).

Web links

Commons : Steinheim an der Murr  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Steinheim an der Murr  - travel guide

Wikisource: Steinheim  - in the description of the Marbach Oberamt from 1866

• www.das-bottwartal.de about Steinheim
• Discover information about Steinheim in Landeskunde Online. [accessed on February 18, 2017].
• Information in the Baden-Württemberg State Archives [accessed on February 18, 2017]

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Natural areas of Baden-Württemberg . State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 2009
3. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume III: Stuttgart District, Middle Neckar Regional Association. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004758-2 . Pp. 455-458
4. ↑ Main statute of the town of Steinheim an der Murr of November 13, 2001, last changed on July 20, 2010 ( Memento of the original of September 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 35 kB) 
5. ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Steinheim an der Murr.
6. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 5), Certificate 3512, September 13, 832 - Reg. 3266. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 203 , accessed on August 26, 2018 . 
7. ^ Monastery founding and foundation deed, Württembergisches Urkundenbuch, Volume XII., No. 5877, In: Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg [accessed on February 18, 2017]
8. ↑ "The chosen bishop Heinrich von Speyer confirms the foundation of the still-to-be-built monastery in Steinheim by the noble knight Berthold von Blankenstein and his wife Elisabeth, the donation of the patronage of the church in Steinheim and other properties mentioned, in particular of the place Jux to this monastery and gives it the Augustiner rule with the addition of various other rights and privileges ", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume V., No. 1316, pages 83-84, December 31, 1254. In: Baden-Württemberg State Archives [accessed on February 18, 2017]
9. ^ "Provost Berthold in Beutelsbach confirms in the execution of an order from Pope Innocent IV of April 4, 1251 the incorporation of the parish church in Steinheim donated by Berthold von Blankenstein to the monastery newly founded by the same", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume V., No. 1365 , Pages 133-134, November 18, 1254. In: Baden-Württemberg State Archive [accessed on February 18, 2017]
10. ↑ "The Reichsbannerträger Graf Hartmann von Grüningen approves the donation of patronage rights to the church in Steinheim and other possessions, especially von Jux, for the sake of the foundation of the monastery in by the noble Berthold von Blankenstein and his wife Elisabeth, a ministerial of the count Steinheim, as well as the donations of his vassals and people to this monastery ", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume V., No. 1434, page 198-199, March 4, 1257. In: Baden-Württemberg State Archives [accessed on February 18, 2017]
11. ↑ "Free Berthold von Blankenstein and his wife Elisabeth free the Steinheim Monastery, which they founded and endowed with goods, in particular the local parish church, from all bailiff law, prohibiting the election of another bailiff during their lifetime, denote the limits within which the new monastery may be built, and meet various provisions on the possessions and rights of the same ", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume VI., No. N40, Pages 476-478, around 1260. In: Baden-Württemberg State Archives [accessed on February 18, 2017]
12. ↑ Count Gottfried von Löwenstein and Hartmann von Grüningen certify their agreement with Elisabeth, the widow of the noble Berthold von Blankenstein, that she could freely dispose of half of her property, apart from the bailiwick of Steinheim, whereupon Elisabeth this half Steinheim Monastery gives ", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume VII., No. 2064, Pages 23-26, April 25, 1269. In: Baden-Württemberg State Archives [accessed February 18, 2017]
13. ↑ "On the intercession of Count (Ulrich) von Württemberg, Pope Innocent IV instructs the provost of the church of Beutelsbach, the noble man Berthold von Blankenstein, the count's comrade, to incorporate the patronage rights of the church in Steinheim into that to be newly founded by Berthold Augustinian nunnery there ", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume IV., No. 1196, Pages 263-264, Lyon, April 4, 1251. In: Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg [accessed on February 18, 2017]
14. ↑ "At the request of the Count of Württemberg, Pope Innocent IV allows Berthold von Blankenstein to marry Elisabeth von Steinheim", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume XI., No. N5602, page 484, Lyon, April 4, 1251. In: Landesarchiv Baden- Württemberg [accessed on February 18, 2017]
15. ^ Dominican Convent Steinheim - History [accessed on February 18, 2017]
16. ^ "Noble Berthold von Neuffen (Niffen) and his wife Richenza von Löwenstein sell their goods in Lohern to the prioress and the convent of the sisters in Steinheim", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume VIII., No. 2910, page 187, October 21, 1279. Im : Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg [accessed on February 18, 2017]
17. ↑ "Emperor Karl IV. Leaves the citizens of Steinheim an der Murr all validities, rents, inclines and benefits that he and the empire have there, except for revocation for the construction of their walls, towers and ditches", April 21, 1365, Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, photo of the document that burned in 1944 [accessed on March 5, 2017]
18. ↑ For me the war is over. Desertion, condemnation, etc. Execution d. Erwin Kreetz in Kleinbottwar in April 1945. Alexander Seitz History Workshop Marbach and surroundings, Marbach am Neckar 1987.
19. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation . Volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 . P. 85
20. ↑ Population development in Baden-Württemberg from 1871 to 2012  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
21. ↑ Oliver von Schaewen, Steinheim: Houses of God are about to celebrate birthdays , Marbacher Zeitung, April 2, 2014
22. ↑ Stuttgarter Nachrichten, Stuttgart, Germany: New Mayor for Steinheim: The mayor is clearly voted out . In: stuttgarter-nachrichten.de . ( stuttgarter-nachrichten.de [accessed November 7, 2016]).
23. ↑ heraldrywiki
24. ↑ Steinheim history
25. ^ Steinheim and its twin town Sárvár
26. ^ Rainer Stein: The Württemberg standard station on branch lines . In: Eisenbahn-Journal Württemberg-Report . tape 1 , no. V / 96 . Merker, Fürstenfeldbruck 1996, ISBN 3-922404-96-0 , p. 80-83 .
27. ^ Marbacher Zeitung, Marbach, Germany: Steam locomotive comes to Ochsenhausen . In: marbacher-zeitung.de . February 18, 2016 ( marbacher-zeitung.de [accessed February 16, 2017]).
28. ↑ Stuttgarter Zeitung, Stuttgart, Germany: For Steppi there is a jolt through Steinheim . In: www.stuttgarter-zeitung.de . August 3, 2010 ( archive.org ).
29. ^ Page of the Friends of the Urmensch Museum [accessed on February 18, 2017]
30. ↑ Georgskirche website with historical details [accessed February 18, 2017]
31. ↑ "Count Gottfried von Löwenstein and Hartmann von Grüningen certify their agreement with Elisabeth, the widow of the noble Berthold von Blankenstein, that she could freely dispose of half of her property, apart from the bailiwick of Steinheim, whereupon Elisabeth could dispose of this half the Steinheim Monastery ", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume VII., No. 2064, Pages 23-26, April 25, 1269. In: Baden-Württemberg State Archives [accessed February 18, 2017]
32. ↑ "At the request of the Count of Württemberg, Pope Innocent IV allows Berthold von Blankenstein to marry Elisabeth von Steinheim", Württembergisches Urkundenbuch Volume XI., No. N5602, page 484, Lyon, April 4, 1251. In: Landesarchiv Baden- Württemberg [accessed on February 18, 2017]