Friedrich of Baden-Austria

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Friedrich and Konradin hear their death sentence in Naples. Modern painting by Wilhelm Tischbein , 1784.

Friedrich von Baden-Austria (* 1249 in Alland , † October 29, 1268 in Naples ), titular Margrave of Verona and Baden , was a fellow campaigner of King Konradin von Hohenstaufen .

Life

Friedrich (in the house of Baden II.) Was the son of Hermann VI. , Titular Margrave of Verona and Baden , as well as candidate for the Duchy of Austria , and Gertrud von Babenberg , daughter of Henry the Cruel of Austria . She was the niece of Duke Frederick the Warrior of Austria, the last ruler of the Babenberg family . His father Hermann von Baden had made a claim to Austria on behalf of his wife, but could not enforce his claim to the successor and died young at the age of 25.

At that time Gertrud was staying with the relatives in Meißen , Saxony, with the two young children , and then resided as the reigning duchess on the Kahlenberg in Vienna. Because Ottokar Přemysl von Böhmen , who married Gertrude's aunt Margarete von Babenberg and thus also had inheritance claims, had occupied Austria in 1251 without resistance, the family fled to Styria , where Gertrud was awarded parts of this duchy in the Peace of Oven in 1254. Gertrud then lived in Voitsberg and Judenburg , Friedrich came to live with his brother-in-law, Duke Ulrich III. of Carinthia in care. At least since 1266, when he came of manhood, he moved to Bavaria , where he became friends with Konradin von Hohenstaufen .

In 1267 he joined Konradin's Italian campaign to recapture the Hohenstaufen heritage. Together with his friend, who saw himself as king of Jerusalem and Sicily , Friedrich moved against Sicily. The Pope saw Konradin only as Duke of Swabia and King of Jerusalem and made Karl von Anjou , the brother of Louis IX. of France , as King of Sicily . In 1267 Konradin and Friedrich marched with a small army against Karl von Anjou. On November 18, 1267, Konradin was excommunicated by Pope Clement IV and deposed as King of Jerusalem.

On July 24, 1268, Konradin entered Rome, celebrated . After leaving Rome, he and Friedrich defeated Karl von Anjou in the Arno valley . On August 23, there was another battle with the Angevin army in Abruzzo , later called the Battle of Tagliacozzo . At first the troops of Konradin and Frederick had an advantage, but the haphazard pursuit of the enemy turned the tide and the two were defeated by Charles of Anjou. Konradin and Friedrich managed to escape from the battlefield on the 8th and 9th. In September 1268 they were betrayed at Astura by a fiefdom of Conradin, Giovanni Frangipani , and handed over to Charles of Anjou. He had the two youths sentenced to death with 10-15 of their followers under flimsy arguments , beheaded on October 29, 1268 in the Piazza Mercato in Naples and their bodies buried in unconsecrated ground. Their bones were later buried in the nearby church of Santa Maria del Carmine , where they still rest today.

Santa Maria del Carmine in Naples

In 1847 the then Crown Prince and later King Maximilian II of Bavaria had the bones excavated, but one of the lead coffins could not be recovered because it was under the choir pillars, which probably contains the bones of Frederick.

literature

Web links

Commons : Friedrich I. (Austria and Baden)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ the margraviate of Verona no longer existed and his uncle Rudolf I ruled the margraviate of Baden .
  2. ↑ the first was his uncle , born around 1167
  3. ^ According to a rumor at the instigation of King Ottokar Přemysl
  4. ↑ The Tower of Astura . In: The Gazebo . Issue 25, 1878, pp. 413 ( full text [ Wikisource ]).
  5. ^ Regest of the Margraves of Baden and Hachberg, 1050-1515. Innsbruck 1892, p. 44, Textarchiv - Internet Archive .
predecessor Office successor
Hermann VI. Margrave of Baden
1250–1268 		Rudolf I.
Hermann VI. Duke of Austria
1250–1251 		Ottokar II Přemysl
personal data
SURNAME Friedrich of Baden-Austria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Friedrich I of Baden
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Margrave of Baden and Verona (1250–1268); Duke of Austria (1250–1251)
DATE OF BIRTH 1249
PLACE OF BIRTH Alland
DATE OF DEATH October 29, 1268
Place of death Naples