1268

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1268
The last Staufer Konradin loses the battle of Tagliacozzo against Charles I of Anjou in the battle for Sicily .
1268 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	716/717 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1260/61
Buddhist calendar	1811/12 (southern Buddhism); 1810/11 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	66th (67th) cycle Year of the Earth Dragon龙 辰 ( at the beginning of the year Fire Rabbit 丁卯)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	630/631 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	646/647
Islamic calendar	666/667 (New Year 9/10 September)
Jewish calendar	5028/29 (9/10 September)
Coptic calendar	984/985
Malayalam calendar	443/444
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1578/79 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1579/80 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1306
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1324/25 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Kingdom of Sicily

Conradin's certificate for Duke Ludwig II of Bavaria, issued on January 10, 1268 in Verona

The last Staufer Konradin set out from his winter quarters in Verona at the beginning of the year, accompanied by Friedrich von Baden and Mastino I della Scala and an army of 3,000 men in the battle for the Kingdom of Sicily towards southern Italy. Earlier, Duke Ludwig the Strict of Bavaria and Count Meinhard II of Gorizia and Tyrol refused to give the Staufer any further help and demanded the settlement of debts before their return, which is why Konradin as Duke of Swabia had a large part of his remaining legal and property claims to Duke Ludwig II of Bavaria had to pledge. Konradin crossed Lombardy and reached Pavia , where he received further reinforcements. In the Kingdom of Sicily there are now the first revolts against Charles of Anjou, supported by Pisa . At the same time, Pope Clement IV was expelled from Rome by the Ghibellines around Senator Henry of Castile .

• June 25th : Konradin defeats an army of Charles of Anjou near Ponte di Valle.

Charles I and Clement IV

• June 28 : Charles von Anjou receives the imperial vicariate for Italy from Pope Clement IV , at the same time Konradin is excommunicated.
• July 24th : After stops in Pisa and Siena , Konradin reaches Rome , where he is warmly received by Henry of Castile , who personally joins Konradin's procession with an army. Together they move further south to unite with the rebellious Saracens in Lucera , which Karl can prevent.
• August 23 : Konradin von Hohenstaufen loses the battle of Tagliacozzo against Charles I of Anjou in the battle for his Italian legacy . Konradin is able to escape for the time being, but is captured a little later near Astura by his own fiefdom Giovanni Frangipani and handed over to Karl. Karl can then move into Rome, takes over the office of senator and enables the Pope to return to the city.

The public beheading of Conradin in the market square of Naples in 1268, miniature from the Chronica of Giovanni Villani , second half of the 13th century

• October 29 : Konradin von Hohenstaufen and Friedrich von Baden are executed after a sham trial on the orders of Karl von Anjou on the market square of Naples and then buried in unconsecrated earth. This ended the imperial dynasty of the Hohenstaufen . The execution attracts a great deal of attention and is viewed by the majority of contemporary authors as a “monstrous crime”.

Republic of Venice

Lorenzo Tiepolo's coat of arms

• July 7th : Renier Zen dies. On July 23 is Lorenzo Tiepolo in the absence - he commands as a fleet admiral in the War of Saint Sabas against Genoa - the new Doge of Venice selected. He is the first to be elected under the newly introduced complicated suffrage.

Central and Western Europe

• The Regensberg feud , which escalated in the previous year , continues and culminates in the decline of the Lords of Regensberg .
• The Brandenburg Margrave Otto IV divides Upper Lusatia into the states of Bautzen and Görlitz .

Eastern Europe

• February 18 : The Rus , consisting of a federation of the Novgorod Republic , the Pskov Republic and the Grand Duchy of Vladimir-Suzdal , led by Grand Duke Dmitri Alexandrovich , the son of Alexander Nevsky , defeated a German-Danish army under the command of Otto von Lutterberg in the battle of Wesenberg . The eastward expansion of the Teutonic Order has thus stopped for the next 30 years.

• Beuggen Castle is completed by the German Order of Knights .

Crusader States

• Beginning of the year: Mamluk units under Baibars I set out from Egypt on a campaign against the Crusader states in the Levant.
• March 7 : The Mamluks conquered Jaffa from the crusaders .
• April 15th : After ten days of siege, Beaufort Castle surrenders to the Mamluks.
• May 1 : Baibars reaches Tripoli , the capital of the County of Tripoli , where Bohemond VI. has concentrated most of its troops, but is moving further north.
• May 18 : Antioch is stormed and destroyed by the Mamluks under Baibars I after a four-day siege , thus sealing the end of the principality of Antioch . A large part of the population is then massacred and the rest sold into slavery. Like most Christian places in the area, Antioch is completely destroyed, part of the city walls is used as a border wall against Cilicia .

City rights and first documentary mentions

• First documented mention of Bodelshofen , Ettingen , Gablenz , Hirschfelde , Hoyerswerda , Neckarrems , Neschwitz , Ochsenbach , Reichenbach an der Fils , Riesdorf , Schönengrund , Schutterwald and Schwellbrunn
• Leipzig receives the escort privilege .

Economy, culture and society

• Papermaking is documented in Fabriano (Italy) .
• The use of the spinning wheel is banned in Paris .

science and technology

• Clement IV confirms the Sorbonne as part of the University of Paris .

religion

• May 18 : The Dominican Wilhelm von Moerbeke finishes the translation of the Elementatio Theologica of Proclus in Viterbo .
• October 12th : The Neuzelle monastery is taken over by Margrave Heinrich III. of Meissen from the House of Wettin donated in memory of his late wife two days before Agnes to by the Piast acquired manorial between Or and Schlaube in the settlement area of the Sorbs to Christianity to develop to develop economically and to use. The monastery is a spin-off of the mother monastery Altzella in Saxony.

Clement IV's tomb

• November 29th : Pope Clement IV dies. It will be almost three years before the next Pope is elected. It is the longest sedi vacancy since 307 .

• After the banishment of Wilhelm von Saint-Amour, Gerhard von Abbeville took over the leadership of the secular opposition to the Mendicant Orders in Paris by publishing his treatise Contra adversarium perfectionis christianae . This led to bitter polemics in the years that followed.
• Roger Bacon returns to Oxford for some time .
• Gabriel III. of Alexandria becomes head of the Coptic Church .

Born

• Dharmapala Rakshita , Mongolian Buddhist monk and imperial teacher of Kublai Khan († 1287 )
• Eberhard II. Von Varendorff , Osnabrück knight and ministerial as well as Burgmann zu Iburg († 1303 )
• Erik II , King of Norway († 1299 )
• John Cherleton, 1st Baron Cherleton , English-Welsh Marcher Lord and military as well as Justiciar of Ireland († 1353 )
• Gartnait, 7th Earl of Mar , Scottish nobleman († 1305 )
• John Wake, 1st Baron Wake of Liddell , English nobleman († 1300 )
• Clare of Montefalco , Italian Augustinian and mystic, saint of the Catholic Church († 1308 )
• Philip IV ("the handsome"), King of France and as Philip I, King of Navarre († 1314 )
• Song Duanzong , Chinese emperor of the Song Dynasty († 1278 )
• 1268/ 1269 : Vedanta Desika , guru of the Sri Vaishnava (d. In southern India 1369 / 1370 )

Died

Date of death secured

• January 8 : William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick , English magnate (* between 1221 and 1223)
• January 11th : Benoît d'Alignan , Bishop of Marseille
• 19 / January 20 : John Gervase , Bishop of Winchester

• 16 / May 17 : Peter II. , Count of Savoy and Earl of Richmond (* 1203 )
• May 30th : Thomas I , Bishop of Breslau

• July 6th and 7th : Ulrich von Seckau , Bishop of Seckau and nominally Archbishop of Salzburg

Renier Zens coat of arms

• July 7th : Renier Zen , Doge of Venice

• August 11th : Agnes von Faucigny , French nobleman, mistress of Faucigny and countess of Savoy
• August 29 : Beatrijs von Nazareth , Flemish mystic (* 1200 )

• September 29th : John of Burgundy , Count of Charolais and Lord of Bourbon (* 1231 )
• October 29 : Konradin , King of Jerusalem, King of Sicily and Duke of Swabia (* 1252 )
• October 29 : Friedrich I , Duke of Austria and Margrave of Baden (* 1249 )

• November 27th : Peter D'Aigueblanche , Bishop of Hereford
• November 29th : Clement IV , Pope (* around 1200 )

• December 9 : Vaišelga , Grand Duke of Lithuania
• December 30th : Mechtild von Wunnenberg , princess abbess of the Fraumünster monastery in Zurich and thus mistress of the city

Exact date of death unknown

• Henry de Bracton , English cleric and lawyer (* between 1200 and 1210)
• Irene Doukaina Laskarina , Tsarina of Bulgaria
• Sigvarður Þéttmarsson , Bishop of Skálholt in Iceland

Died around 1268

• 1266/1268 : Michael II. Komnenos Dukas Angelos , Archon of Epirus and Aetolia (* 1205 )

• John de Balliol , Scottish nobleman and Guardian of Scotland , founder of Balliol College, Oxford University

• 1268/ 1269 : . Helmold IV , Mr. and from Plesse (* around 1230 )

Web links

Commons : 1268  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Meister Eckhart and his time:
  • Gerhard of Abbeville ,
  • Peter of Dacien
  • William of Saint Amour ,