Regensberg (noble family)
The barons of Regensberg were an important Swiss noble family in the former Zurichgau ; the exact genealogy , especially of the early years, is controversial. They were related to the barons of Krenkingen , who carried a similar coat of arms.
The Regensbergers experienced their heyday in the High Middle Ages , and large parts of today's Canton of Zurich belonged to their domain . The Fahr and Rüti monasteries and the towns of Regensberg , Grüningen , Kaiserstuhl and Glanzenberg are among their most famous foundations. In addition, there was free float in Aargau , Thurgau and north of the Rhine to St. Blasien in the Black Forest as well as some well-known castles and churches.
history
Old theories of origin
The old theories are quite interesting, but have been exposed as constructs by R. Sablonier and E. Eugster: According to them, the barons of Regensberg descend from the Burgundian counts of Mömpelgard - Mâcon who appeared in the 10th century . In the so-called Hunfried document, named after the chancellor of Emperor Heinrich III. , in 1044 a Lütold von Affoltern is mentioned. He was a nephew of Hunfrid and is considered the progenitor of the Regensberg family.
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Probably around 1040 Lütold von Affoltern built the Altburg near Regensdorf , on today's border between the city of Zurich and Regensdorf, not far from Lake Katzensee . The castle, also called Alt-Regensberg, became the ancestral seat of the barons.
Probably during the same period near Fahr ( Dietikon ) on the Limmat, the construction of Fahr Castle , initially made of wood, at the location of the later town of Glanzenberg. In a document from 1044, in addition to Lütold von Affoltern, Ebbo and Adalbero von Fahr also appear as witnesses, perhaps the first beginning of a line of ministries (servants) for the Regensberg family.
Around the year 1050, the Regensbergers were entrusted with the ecclesiastical needs of the surrounding population, and they built the St. Niklaus Chapel as a parish church in Oberregensdorf, by far the oldest building in the community and at the same time one of the oldest ecclesiastical structures in the canton of Zurich.
Regensberg's heyday
Lütold I. (* around 1040, † 1088), the son of Lütold von Affoltern, began to name himself after the castle Alt-Regensberg and thus founded the line of the barons of Regensberg; he died fighting the abbot of the St. Gallen monastery . Lütold II. Or probably rather Lütold III. and his wife Judenta gave - according to a forged document to subsequently secure the founding of the monastery in Fahr - on January 22nd, 1130, testified by Rudolf de Bobpinsolo , among others , the «Cella Einsiedelon» - the Einsiedeln monastery - their own property «Vara» (ferry) on the Limmat , with the St. Anna chapel already existing there, the mill, the woods and vineyards. Einsiedeln Abbey was supposed to found and administer a women's monastery here, today's Fahr Monastery . The Regensbergers took over the bailiwick of its possessions.
Finally, Lütold IV (* around 1140, † 1218 in Akkon , Palestine ) had already expanded his position of power to such an extent that he could call himself Count von Regensberg from the early 13th century . At that time he owned goods and rights in large parts of the Zürichgau, Thurgau , Klettgau and far into the Aargau . The old ancestral castle has now been significantly expanded, received a stone ring , a cistern and new economic buildings. The tower of the Altburg was also redesigned with carefully hewn boss blocks .
Around the year 1206 , Lütold IV founded the Premonstratensian monastery in Rüti . Lütold IV. Was with Rudolf II. Of Rapperswil participants in the Fifth Crusade , and could in the Order of St. John who served in Palestine, the remote from the Abbey Ruti in only five kilometers Bubikon a significant Commandery owned, today's knights Bubikon to its patrons the Rapperswil included . The Regensbergers donated Seegräben and the Aathal mill , along with other properties, to the Rüti Abbey in 1209 , subject to patronage and property rights. In addition, they exempted the Rüti monastery from taxes in Grüningen in 1260 and secured the bailiwick rights over the new abbey.
Territorial expansion
When the last Zähringer and imperial bailiff of the Zurichgau died in 1218 , Emperor Friedrich II granted the city of Zurich imperial freedom and took the remaining fiefs of the imperial bailiwick back to the crown. He lent parts to local noble families, with which the barons of Regensberg presumably gained influence on parts of the old imperial bailiwick, which also included the shores of Lake Zurich .
Presumably as early as the beginning of the 13th century, the Barons von Regensberg tried to expand their rule. With the opening of the Gotthard Pass , north-south trade increased in importance, and the Regensbergers probably intended to direct trade through their area as well.
In order to control trade on the Limmat from Zurich, the town of Glanzenberg was founded around 1240 , not far from Fahr Castle, which was expanded and further fortified. The Regensbergers had chosen the place for a city to be founded on the basis of strategic considerations. To build a bridge, however, they needed the cooperation of the Lords of Schönenwerd, whose castle stood on the opposite bank of the Limmat. In response to pressure from the city of Zurich, the von Schönenwerd men undertook in 1257 not to sell any land in Glanzenberg for building bridges in competition with the city of Zurich. The relevant document contains the first written mention of the city of Glanzenberg.
Lütold V or his son Ulrich (I) built the castle and town of Neu-Regensberg on the Lägern around 1245 as the new headquarters of the Regensberg rulership, secured by smaller outbuildings on the Lägern .
It is certain that after the death of Lütold V (around 1250) his two sons, Lütold VI. and Ulrich von Regensberg, shared the inheritance. Ulrich received the castle town of Neu-Regensberg and property in the area of Glanzenberg, Fahr and Weiningen. Ulrich resided from then on in Neu-Regensberg, his brother Lütold VI. in Alt-Regensberg. Now a long series of sales and pledges began, without which the family apparently could not maintain their lifestyle and the intensive expansion of their possessions.
In 1253 the monastery of St. Gallen transferred the bailiwick rights over Grüningen , together with the courts of Dürnten and Altorf, to Lüthold VI. from Regensberg. In the same period, the development of the town in front of the castle is dated, and the process of town development is assigned to the Regensbergers. The town and castle Grüningen were developed as an administrative center and one of the most important possessions of the Regensberg family .
At the beginning of the Interregnum (1254–1273), the Regensbergers strove to steadily expand their position of power around Zurich, and during this time they built Wulp Castle near Küsnacht on the right bank of Lake Zurich.
The expansion of Glanzenberg falls in the same period of time: Eberhard, provost in Fahr and Mönch in Einsiedeln monastery , witnessed the arbitration decision of the preacher prior Hugo in Zurich and the priest of Dällikon in a dispute between Ulrich von Regensberg and the Mentioned free of Weiningen. Another mention is on November 1, 1259 in a dispute with Rudolf (II.) Von Habsburg-Laufenburg , Canon of Basel and Rector of the Church of Dietikon, about the boundaries of the Dietikon parish and the Weiningen parish that belongs to Fahr. In the same year, in the dispute between Provost Eberhard von Fahr and Count Rudolf von Habsburg about the parish membership of the city of Glanzenberg, an arbitration decision was made in favor of the Fahrs monastery. Nevertheless, the Regensbergers had failed with their actual intention behind the founding of Glanzenberg. The city of Zurich, which in no way wanted to tolerate a new bridge over the Limmat, had convinced the lords of Schönenwerd, who ruled the south bank of the Limmat, to renounce an alliance with the Regensbergers.
In the southwest of the city of Zurich, the Regensberg castles Uetliberg and Friesenberg and probably Baldern Castle dominated the access to the city of Zurich on the right bank of the lake, into the Säuliamt and into central Switzerland and into the Sihl valley . In the Limmat Valley to the west of the city of Zurich, the castle town of Glanzenberg controlled shipping traffic on the Limmat and the road towards Baden . The castles Alt-Regensberg and Neu-Regensberg dominated the north-west towards Winterthur , Schaffhausen , into the Zurich Oberland , east through the Wehntal and north to the Rhine. The right bank of Lake Zurich was monitored from Wulp Castle above Küsnacht.
The inheritance dispute from 1264 over the considerable estate of the extinct Counts of Kyburg is historically documented , in the course of which Count Rudolf von Habsburg was able to consolidate his territorial claims with the decline of the Regensbergs from 1268.
Regensberg feud
In the two decades after Ulrich and Lütold VI. The Regensberg feud of 1267/68, which has only survived in fragments and ended with the economic decline of the Regensbergs and the sale of the properties to Habsburg lords, falls .
When Count Rudolf I von Habsburg assumed the extensive inheritance of the extinct Counts of Kyburg in 1264 and possible claims of the Regensbergers were passed over, another conflict arose. The bishops of Basel and Constance are said to have tried in vain to settle the feud in 1267. There are no contemporary sources, but the late medieval chroniclers report the violent destruction of Glanzenberg by the people of Zurich and Count Rudolf in September 1267.
In the years 1267/68 the people of Zurich are said to have destroyed numerous Regensberg castles together with Count Rudolf von Habsburg. Contemporary sources indicate a conflict, but on the allegedly destroyed castles - Alt-Lägern, Glanzenberg, Baldern, Friesenburg, Üetliburg, Wulp and Utznaburg - violent destruction has not yet been proven beyond doubt.
After the Regensberg feud against the Habsburgs allied with the city of Zurich, led primarily by Count Rudolf von Habsburg, the Regensbergs' rapid economic and political decline began after 1268.
Change in the balance of power in Zurichgau
The Einsiedeln monastery archive explains in the abbots' book of professions the serious change in the balance of power in the Zurichgau at the end of the 13th century and also goes into more detail about the decline of the barons of Regensberg:
- «... Of great importance for the further history of the monastery was that under this abbot [Heinrich II. Von Güttingen ] the bailiwick passed over the church to the Habsburgs. The ... young Count von Rapperswil died on January 15, 1283. Since his sister ( Elisabeth von Rapperswil ) resp. whose husband, Ludwig von Homberg, did not lose the fiefdom, the abbot transferred it to his own brother, Rudolf von Güttingen. However, King Rudolf did not agree with this, because the acquisition of this bailiwick fit perfectly with his plans with which he carried himself towards the Waldstätten . He therefore had the fiefs, which in and of themselves could only inherit in the male line, move in through Wetzel, the mayor of Winterthur , in the hands of the king. Rudolf von Güttingen received a sum of money. But now the Hornberger did not want to miss the fiefdom. Therefore a great dispute arose between him and the king, from which the monastery also suffered, which was even attacked by the mayor of Winterthur, Dietrich. This is why he contracted the excommunication ...
- But when Count Ludwig von Homberg died on April 27, 1289, the king transferred the farms of Stäfa, Erlenbach, Pfäffikon and Wollerau, as well as the Pfäfer farms in Männedorf and Tuggen, to his widow Elisabeth's request. The other courts and the bailiwick remained with the dukes of Austria. This transfer of the bailiwick to the Habsburgs had the most far-reaching consequences for the monastery; because when the fairytale controversy revived around this time , it took on completely new forms ... In the monastery, the Schwyz wanted above all to meet its bailiffs, the Habsburgs ...
- The bailiwick of Fahr Monastery also changed hands at that time. Ulrich I von Neu-Regensberg, whose family was on the verge of financial ruin, sold it to his uncle , Bishop Rudolf von Konstanz , for 200 marks ; the son, Lütold VIII. bought it back for the same amount. The same Lütold sold a farm in Obersteinmauer to Fahr Monastery . It was around this time that Fahr's court rights were probably written down, although only a copy from 1660 has survived. Abbot Heinrich obtained a letter of indulgence from two archbishops and ten bishops who were at the papal court in Rieti in 1288 for the St. Gangulph chapel ... »
Decline of the Regensbergers
As early as 1269 the Regensbergs sold Grüningen as one of their most valuable possessions to the Habsburgs. Between 1268 and 1280 Ulrich I sold the bailiwick of the Fahr Monastery for 200 marks to his uncle, Bishop Rudolf von Konstanz; Luetold VIII bought the fief back for the same amount, presumably after the death of his brother, in order to be able to keep the rule.
Ulrich von Regensberg died around 1280 and was buried in the Barfüsserkloster Zurich . His very well-preserved grave slab, with the image of an idealized knight figure, can be viewed in the Swiss National Museum , a replica is at the fountain at the entrance to the town of Regensberg. It was found in 1903 when the Oetebach bulwark was demolished in Zurich, where the rear side had been used as a window ledge.
According to a document from 1294, the barons sold their Rötteln Castle with the associated towns of Tengen (today's Hohentengen ) "and the neighboring town of Kaiserstuhl [today Canton Aargau ...] to the Bishopric of Constance".
Rudolf von Wunnenburg, a monk at Einsiedeln Abbey, was captured by the Schwyzers in Einsiedeln with a number of noblemen in 1300 and held hostage in Schwyz until March 29th . What is interesting about this passage is the mention of a close relationship between the Toggenburg and the Rapperswil-Laufenburg line with the Regensberg mountains:
- «… He was sent by the prisoners on March 10th as an envoy to their distinguished relatives and returned on March 25th with letters from the Counts of Rapperswil and Toggenburg. In these letters, Lütold von Regensberg used himself for his son Johannes, the two Wunnenburgs and that of Ulvingen; Count Rudolf von Habsburg-Rapperswil for his uncle Johannes von Regensberg and the three others; Count Friedrich von Toggenburg for his uncle von Regensberg and the other three above-mentioned. Baron Ulrich von Güttingen declared on May 3, 1314 that he did not want to avenge the captivity of his unions Rudolf and Heinrich von Wunnenburg, as well as those of Johannes von Regensberg and von Ulvingen ... »
Ulrich von Jegistorf, provost in Fahr and monk in Einsiedeln Abbey, appears on June 11, 1300, in a document in which Adelheid, widow Ulrichs von Regensberg, renounced her personal property in favor of Wettingen Abbey. In the following year, the provost of Lütold VIII acquired the Glanzenberg court and other goods for Fahr and others on February 25, 1301, when Lütold VIII von Regensberg gave up the bailiwick of the Fahr monastery to the abbot of Einsiedeln, with the request that they be given Bertold and Jakob Schwenden, citizens of Zurich.
Ulrich's son Lütold VIII also had to sell Neu-Regensberg to Habsburg Austria in 1302 , and the Regensbergers withdrew to their old ancestral castle.
In 1306 Lütold still referred to Friedberg Castle near Meilen as "our castle" , but probably for financial reasons it was sold to the wealthy knight Götz Mülner from Zurich, who in 1321 called himself Mülner von Friedberg.
Burkhard von Ulvingen, also a monk in Einsiedeln, was provost in Fahr since 1322:
- «... July 11, 1324, he appears on the occasion of a dispute about fishing in the Limmat, which had arisen between the Fahr monastery and the bailiff Jakob Schwend. The bailiwick passed to Rüdiger Maness of Zurich on July 23, 1325. Shortly afterwards a new dispute arose over fishing with Konrad, mayor of Baden, in the course of which Provost Burkhard met us again on December 19, 1325. In the same year, September 18th, he is mentioned on the occasion of a loan deal. On January 7, 1326, he lends the mill located on the Limmat between Fahr and the village of UnterEngstringen to Konrad Müller. The last time Provost Burkhard appears on May 5, 1326 as a witness in the document through which Lütold von Regensberg confesses that he has no claim to the fishing in the Fahr Church ” .
Johannes von Neu-Regensberg, a son of Lütold VIII, was a monk in Einsiedeln and is mentioned in a document on February 25, 1311 in Baden at a hearing as a witness:
- «… In 1314 he was (according to Radegg) a subdeacon; he too went into captivity in Schwyz. He was present as a witness at the foundation of St. Johannespfründe on December 29, 1315. He appears again on May 5, 1326, where he is called custodian , as a witness in a trade for fishing, which the Fahr Monastery with his brother Luetold IX. von Neu-Regensberg had ... »
Luetold IX. probably lived in the ancestral castle Alt-Regensberg and issued the last document on Alt-Regensberg in 1321. When the Regensbergers in the male line with Lütold IX around 1331. became extinct, the Altburg came into the possession of the Lords of Landenberg - Greifensee in 1350 as presumably the last remaining possession of the Regensbergers .
The relocation of the Habsburg center of power to Austria is reflected in the repeated pledges of Regensberg. In 1409 the Habsburg regent of Upper Austria and Tyrol, Duke Friedrich, "with the empty pocket" pledged Regensberg to Zurich. In 1417 Regensberg passed completely to the city of Zurich. The rule was initially organized with the thirteen surrounding communities as an upper bailiwick, later as a bailiff. As a result, Zurich gained enormous ownership and influence in what is now the west of the Canton of Zurich .
Possessions and foundations
- around 1040 - Altburg , built by Lütold von Affoltern, the founder of the Regensberg lineage.
- around 1040 - Fahr Castle (at the location of the later town of Glanzenberg), probably built by Lütold von Affoltern or Ebbo and Adalbero von Fahr .
- around 1050 - Regensberg's own church in Regensdorf . In the High Middle Ages, Regensdorf with the Alt-Regensberg Castle was the center of the Regensberg rule . After the division of the estate around 1250, Regensdorf remained with the old Regensberg half, the later Obervogtei Regensberg, with the exception of Adlikon, which belonged to the County of Kyburg.
- after 1113 - Schneisingen : The first documentary mention of Sneisanc took place in 1113. The nobles von Waldhausen donated the Wislikofen priory and for this purpose donated extensive real estate in the region to the St. Blasien monastery . After the barons of Regensberg and later the diocese of Constance exercised lower jurisdiction for a few decades , this finally also came to the monastery. The high level of jurisdiction was initially with the Counts of Kyburg, after their extinction in 1264 with the Habsburgs .
- before 1130 - Boppelsen : When Lütold and his wife Judenta donated the Fahr property with the chapel to the Einsiedeln monastery on January 22nd, 1130, a Rudolf de Bobpinsolo appeared in the long line of witnesses . He probably belonged to the service aristocracy (Ministeriale) of the Regensbergers, who are said to have lived in a castle on the Lägern (which has not yet been proven). According to the Zurich document book , the barons of Bobpinsolo were liable to the Einsiedeln monastery from 1130 to 1219; the barons of Regensberg owned the lower jurisdiction.
- 1130 - Fahr Monastery , donated by Lütold II (or III) and his wife Judenta, 1.2 kilometers north-east of Glanzenberg Castle (Fahr), over which the Regensbergers exercised bailiwick rights until 1301.
- 1130 - Buonas reign , named after a relative of the von Regensberg family, the real estate of Buonas.
- after 1150 - Uetliberg Castle , probably destroyed during the Regensberg feud (not historically secure).
- 1206 - Rüti monastery , donated by Lütold IV.
- before 1209 - Seegräben : Lütold IV. donated Seegräben to the Rüti monastery along with other possessions, with reservation of patronage and property rights. This included u. a. the Aathal mill , first mentioned in the 13th century when it was handed over to the monastery.
- around 1218 - Meierhof in Niederweningen , of which Ulrich von Weningen is said to have been the headmaster.
- 1218 - The Zollikerberg area was under the control of the dukes of Zähringen until 1218, then the barons of Regensberg and later the monastery of Rüti.
- around 1218 - Küsnacht (ZH) : In the High Middle Ages the rights of rule were exercised by the Regensbergers, who had their seat at Wulp Castle . It is doubtful whether the castle was also destroyed during the Regensberg feud. In the 14th century, the Knightly Order of St. John built its administrative district, the Küsnacht Commandery, near St. George's Church .
- 1239 - Rietheim (AG) : Count Heinrich von Küssaberg and Lütold (the elder) von Regensberg sealed a contract in Rietheim AG on December 26, 1239; a Cuonradus de Rietheim appeared as a witness . He belonged to the noble family of the Free von Rietheim, who owned a small tower in the village.
- 1240 - the castle town of Glanzenberg , which, as mentioned, passed to the Fahr monastery around 1301.
- Probably before 1245 - Dielsdorf : The Regensbergers must have owned real estate in Dielsdorf, facing the valley, at the foot of the town of Regensberg, before the construction of their new headquarters: Around 1245 the Dielsdorf municipal ban was reduced significantly because Lütold V assigned part of it to the town of Regensberg should have. The most important landowner was the monastery of St. Gallen , for whose possessions the Regensbergers took over the castvogtei. The Regensberger Hausmeier (lat. Major domus ) supervised the so-called Meierhof . He kept the taxes in kind in the cellar of the monastic Kellhof in Dielsdorf for administration and presumably took over the duties of the monastic Cellarius (so-called cellar administrator, mentioned in 1288). 1276–1306, the St. Gallen monastery pledged the Dielsdorfer Kehlhof (Kellhof) and the bailiwick to the Regensbergs, which passed to Habsburg around 1302 together with the lower jurisdiction.
- around 1245 - Regensberg, a small castle town as the new seat of power, passed into Habsburg ownership as early as 1302.
- around 1245 Alt-Lägern Castle , presumably to secure the new headquarters, seat of the Knights of Lägern. Alt-Lägern Castle is also said to have been destroyed during the Regensberg feud. Due to its favorable geographical location, it should have controlled the passage through the Wehntal . The well-known pilgrimage site of Liebfrauen Kapelle am Pflasterbach, which gained national fame at the end of the Middle Ages, was also located on this east-west connection .
- between 1250 and 1314 - Buchs : A people priest is mentioned in 1250, the parish church in 1275. Patronage rights and tithe went to the Johanniterhaus Bubikon in 1314 .
- 1253 - Lordship and castle town of Grüningen , whose fiefdom was returned to the St. Gallen monastery in 1269 and passed to Habsburg in 1302.
- 1254 - Small town of Kaiserstuhl , the only town founded by the Regensbergers in the Aargau area, probably together with the barons of Kaiserstuhl. Kaiserstuhl was sold to the Prince Diocese of Constance in 1294.
- 1254 - Unterendingen : During the High Middle Ages the village belonged to the domain of the Barons of Tegerfelden . Subordinate to them were the Knights of Endingen , first mentioned in 1239 , who owned a small castle south of Unterendingen. After the Tegerfeldner family died out in 1254, they were first associated with the Barons of Regensberg, and later with the Diocese of Constance . Around 1305, the Habsburgs acquired high jurisdiction .
- until 1257 or after 1257 to 1267 - Friesenberg Castle , presumably as a strategic preliminary work of Regensberg Castle Uetliberg and destroyed in the course of the Regensberg feud (not historically secured).
- 1258 - Schöfflisdorf is first mentioned in a document. In a parchment letter, Baron Lütold VIII confirmed the sale of a property to a Berchtold von Waldhausen in the Bachsertal . The parchment letter is still kept in the Zurich State Archives.
- possibly until 1267 - Baldern Castle , the destruction during the Regensberg feud is said to be based on an error of the chronicler Heinrich Brennwald. The destruction of Baldern, Uetliburg and Glanzenberg is mentioned at least in the saga of the cunning Habsburg .
- until 1291 - goods (yard) in Oberweningen . In 1291 the farm in Oberweningen was sold to the St. Blasien monastery by Lütold VIII von Regensberg. This change of hands is the first written mention of the community.
- around 13th century - Dürnten : The bailiwick of the possessions of the St. Gallen Monastery was initially owned by the Barons of Regensberg, later by the Counts of Toggenburg .
- before 1292 - Dübendorf : The coat of arms of Dübendorf refers to the feudal lords of the Dübendorf family: the unicorn to the barons of Tengen, the lower half of the coat of arms to the barons of Regensberg.
- until 1305 - Endingen (AG) : In the High Middle Ages the village was under the influence of the Regensbergers and the diocese of Constance. Ministerials were the barons of Tegerfelden and around 1239 the knights of Endingen. Since 1305 at the latest, the high jurisdiction lay with the Habsburgs, while the lower jurisdiction was exercised by the monastery of St. Blasien .
- until 1321 - Friedberg Castle near Meilen, which was sold to the wealthy knight Götz Mülner from Zurich, who was called Mülner von Friedberg from 1321, for financial reasons.
The Regensberger's other possessions included areas, farms and landings around Dällikon , Dürnten , Sünikon , Steinmaur , Stühlingen and Watt and Weiach .
coat of arms
The barons of Regensberg carried a shield that was split five times, handed down on a grave slab from 1281 and a seal from 1291. The coat of arms - increased by the bar - became the emblem of the Zurich upper bailiwick. On the office table from 1576, the coat of arms covered with a double bar is still overwritten with Regensberg, on Konrad Meyer's Vogteitafel from 1674, however, with Regensdorf. Here three piles can now be clearly seen, covered by a simple beam. The municipality of Regensdorf took over the bailiwick coat of arms, for example for the municipality disk from 1683.
Interestingly, Regensberg has a rainbow in its coat of arms, which probably gives it its name: As a so-called common figure, as in the coat of arms of Regensberg, the rainbow does not touch the edge of the shield in the sense of heraldry and begins and ends in a cloud. The rainbow has been in use as a heraldic figure since the middle of the 15th century.
Genealogy and ministeriality
Genealogy of the Regensbergs
The genealogy of the barons of Regensberg is not unequivocally secured and incomplete. Close family relationships with the influential families of the Toggenburg , Kyburg, Rapperswiler and Habsburg-Laufenburg families are very likely.
- Lütold von Affoltern (* before 1040)
- Lütold I. (* around 1040, † 1088), son of Lütold von Affoltern, named himself after the ancestral castle in Regensdorf and should have already called himself Baron von Regensberg.
- Lütold II. (* Before 1088), son of Lütold I.
- Luetold III. (* around 1100), † November 14th, married to Judenta, and together with his wife the founder of Fahr Monastery.
- Lütold IV. (* Around 1140, † November 16, 1218 in Akkon , Palestine), probably first Count of Regensberg, around 1206 founder of the Rüti monastery , participant in the Fifth Crusade .
- Eberhard von Regensberg (* around 1170, † December 1, 1246), son of presumably Lütold IV, was Archbishop of Salzburg with the longest reign. Because of his achievements, he is known as the father of the state of Salzburg .
- Lütold V. (* before 1218, † June 1 around 1250), married to Berta von Neuenburg, who came from western Switzerland . Lütold the Elder (presumably V.) is mentioned in connection with a sale in Rietheim AG and is presumably the founder of the new manor house in Neu-Regensberg.
- Lüthold VI. (* before 1250, † after 1253), son of Lütold V.
- Gertrud (* before 1249), daughter of Lütold VI., Married to Rudolf III. (Habsburg) the silent one , the branch line Habsburg-Laufenburg . Descendants were Gottfried I, Count of Habsburg-Laufenburg († 1271), Eberhard I, Count of Habsburg-Kiburg († 1284), Werner (III.), Count of Habsburg-Laufenburg († around 1252) and Rudolf II. , Bishop of Constance († 1293)
- Ulrich I. (* before 1250, † 1280), son of Lütold VI. and probably his successor. Married to Berta von Klingen , one of the most respected, highly free families in Thurgau , and after her death to Adelheid from the von Pfirt family of Counts in Sundgau. Bishop Rudolf von Konstanz is certain as his uncle.
- Lüthold VII.
- Lütold VIII. (* Around 1270, † after 1302), son of Ulrich, married to Gertrud von Lupfen in 1284
- Johannes (* around 1290, † after 1326), son of Lütold VIII. And probably Gertrud von Lupfen , monk in Einsiedeln and custodian in Fahr monastery.
- Ulrich II, a possible son of Ulrich (I), does not seem historically secure.
- Lüthold IX. (around 1300, † around 1331), son of Lütold VIII. and probably Gertrud von Lupfen , probably the last Baron von Regensberg, at least the last mentioned in a document of the male line of succession.
Ministeriality
The establishment of an own ministry already in the 11th / 12th Century is considered very likely, including the servants from Boppelsen, Dällikon, Fahr, Weningen, Steinmaur and Stühlingen. Remains of individual ministerial castles are preserved on the Pflasterbach near Sünikon and on the Lägernkamm. The field name in the Mandach east of the town of Regensberg still reminds of the castle of the Lords of Mandach . Knights of Lägern are also known as servants.
literature
- Ronald Gohl et al (Red. Sabine Vulic): Burgenparadies Schweiz: 40 walks to knights, counts and governors , Edition Lan, Zug 2004
- Rolf Meier and Bruno Meier (eds.): Die Lägern - a tightrope walk , Verlag hier + now, Zurich 2003, ISBN 3-906419-67-3
- Christian Bader: The Wulp castle ruins near Küsnacht ZH (Swiss contributions to the cultural history and archeology of the Middle Ages, vol. 25), Basel 1998
- Karl Grunder: The Art Monuments of the Canton of Zurich , Vol. IX: The District of Dietikon, Basel 1997
- Institute for the Preservation of Monuments at the ETH Zurich (ed.): City and Country Walls, Vol. 2: City Walls in Switzerland. Catalogs, illustrations , Zurich 1996
- Thomas Bitterli-Waldvogel: Swiss Castle Guide , Reinhardt, Basel / Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-7245-0865-4
- Walter Brack: Glanzenberg: Burg und Stadt , Unterengstringen 1983
- Werner Meyer (ed.) And Laslo Irmes (photos): Castles of Switzerland, Volume 5: Cantons of Zurich and Schaffhausen , Silva-Verlag, Zurich 1982
- Hugo Schneider: The Alt-Regensberg castle ruins: Report on the research 1955-57 (Swiss contributions to the cultural history and archeology of the Middle Ages, Vol. 6), Olten / Freiburg i.Br. 1979
- Fritz Hauswirth: Castles and Palaces of Switzerland , Vol. 4: Zurich, Schaffhausen, Kreuzlingen 1968
- Emil Stauber: The castles and noble families of the districts of Zurich, Affoltern and Horgen , Basel 1955
- Hermann Fietz: The art monuments of the canton of Zurich , Vol. II: The districts of Bülach, Dielsdorf, Hinwil, Horgen and miles. Basel 1943
- G. Strickler: History of the rule Grüningen including the 16 communities [...] Seegräben [..]. That is the story of the Zurich Oberland and its relationship with the city of Zurich and the lake. , Orell Füssli , Zurich 1908
- Adolf Nabholz: History of the barons of Regensberg. A contribution z. Zurich regional history. Leemann, Zurich 1894 digitized
- Heinrich Zeller-Werdmüller: Zurich castles . In: Communications from the Antiquarian Society in Zurich , 48./49. Born in Zurich 1894–1895
- Fritz Stucki: Barons of Regensberg . In: Partial print from the Genealogical Handbook on Swiss History
- The barons of Regensberg (7 parts), Bern 1866–1872
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Regensberg
- Website community Grüningen, history
- Grüningen Castle
- Martin Illi: Grüningen (rule, bailiwick). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ^ Sablonian nobility in transition. Eugster noble territorial policy. Etc.
- ↑ The Hunfried deed of allegedly 1044 is a forgery (approx. 12th century) and has only survived as a print by Grandidier from a now lost cartular from Strasbourg from 1347. Its much shorter counterpart from 1052, on the other hand, has been preserved in the original, but hardly names any nobles from the Zurich area.
- ↑ a b c Website dickemauern.de, Burg Alt-Regensberg ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (As of March 28, 2008)
- ↑ a b c Website dickemauern.de, Glanzenberg Castle (Fahr) (as of April 18, 2008)
- ↑ Website Evangelisch-Reformierte Kirchgemeinde Regensdorf ( Memento of the original from September 19, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Website of the Boppelsen community, history ( memento of the original from February 12, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Website Kloster Fahr, Geschichte ( Memento of the original from April 30, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (As of March 28, 2008)
- ↑ Helvetia Sacra (Ed.): The Premonstratensians and Premostrats in Switzerland . Basel 2002.
- ↑ Ernst Tremp: Crusades. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ↑ a b Website dickemauern.de, Burg Wulp ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (As of March 28, 2008)
- ↑ website dickemauern.de, city fortification Glanzenberg ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (As of March 28, 2008)
- ↑ a b c d e website swisscastles.ch, Schlösser von Zürich, Regensberg (as of March 28, 2008)
- ↑ a b Website of the municipality of Grüningen
- ↑ a b c d e f Einsiedeln monastery archive, Book of Professorship IV., The Monks of the 13th Century
- ↑ Einsiedeln monastery archive, Professbuch: Abbots, 20th Heinrich II. Von Güttingen
- ^ WH Mayer: Home book for the district of Waldshut, Verlag A. Philipp, Waldshut (Baden) 1926, p. 211 f.
- ↑ site dickemauern.de, history of the castle New Regensberg ( Memento of the original on 27 September 2007 at the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link is automatically inserted and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (As of March 28, 2008)
- ↑ Ursula Fortuna: Regensdorf (community). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ↑ Richard Hediger: Risch - history of the community . Prestel, Rotkreuz 1986, published by the Risch-Rotkreuz municipal council.
- ↑ Trichtenhausener Mühle website ( Memento of the original from September 17, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Website of the community of Dielsdorf ( Memento of the original from February 5, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Ueli Müller: Dielsdorf. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ↑ Mammut Museum website: The Middle Ages in the Lägern region ( Memento of the original from October 16, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. As of April 18, 2008
- ^ Martin Illi: Buchs (ZH). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ↑ Martin Illi: Baldern. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ^ Website of the municipality of Regensdorf ( memento of the original dated February 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Necrologium Fahrense
- ↑ Necrologium Fahrense - Lütoldus nobilis dominus de Regensperg. Uolricus ppos. huius domus, qui bene fecit monasterio
