Barons of Krenkingen

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Coat of arms of the Krenkingen in the Zurich coat of arms roll (approx. 1340)
Coat of arms of the barons of Krenkingen zu Weissenburg in the Ingeram Codex (1459)

The barons of Krenkingen were a knight and noble family in the Landgraviate of Klettgau ; they were closely related to the Regensbergers and had a similar coat of arms.

history

The town of Krenkingen , located near the ancestral castle, was first named as Chreinchingen in 1152 and was derived from the ministerials , knights and barons of Krenkingen who were first named as Burch in 1202 . miles et ministerialis domini Lutoldi de Kreinkingin . They first built the Altkrenkingen tower hill castle around the 11th century . The newer - built in the 13th century - and larger (the castle researcher Heinz Voellner names a wall length of 70 m) Krenkingen Castle , which is known as Burgstall as early as 1361 (not to be confused with Neu-Krenkingen Castle or Gut Castle -Krenkingen ) was about 100 m north of the ruins of Alt-Krenkingen on the same shoulder of the mountain, the Burghalde . The first Krenkinger mentioned was Adilhardus de Chreingingen on All Saints' Day in Schaffhausen in 1102. The Krenkingers are considered to be the builders of Tiengen Castle .

The Krenkinger had extensive possessions in Klettgau , the castle Balm , the White Castle , Gutenburg and Castle Neukrenkingen , castle Isnegg , Gutkrenkingen , and the rye Bacher castles: Castle Roggenbach (where the white Burger tower, the other tower is named "Grüningen" after the rule Grüningen, founded by Regensberger), and Steinegg and Bettmaringen . They appointed abbots in the Rheinau monastery , in Konstanz, Reichenau monastery and Strasbourg. The best-known representative of his family is the Abbot of Reichenau and Bishop of Constance, Diethelm von Krenkingen . He had the Randenburg built by the Knights of Randenburg . The first name Diethelm is characteristic of the Krenkinger.

In 1357 Heinrich and Johann von Blumenegg swapped the village of Herbolzheim as a fiefdom of the diocese of Strasbourg through Bishop Johann von Lichtenberg from the Krenkinger's possession for Gutenburg Castle with Count Hug von Fürstenberg , son-in-law of Lütold von Krenkingen .

In 1361 the Gutenburg was pledged to the brothers Walther and Burkart von Hohenfels and not redeemed.

The von Krenkingen zu Weissenburg were members of the noble society in the Leitbracken of Swabia . The last male descendant of the Krenkingers was the abbot of Reichenau Monastery Martin von Weißenburg (1492–1508), Gallus Oehem dedicated his chronicle to him.

Gallus Oehem gives Martin von Weissenburg the chronicle of Reichenau: Freiburg manuscript

Monastery governors

The Riedern am Wald monastery was under the patronage of the Krenkinger until 1415, according to Martin Gerbert the founder of the cell in Detzeln, Marquard, is said to come from the Weißenburg line. They were buried here and in the church in Tiengen.

Connections to the Obermarchtal monastery

The pastor and local researcher Johann Evangelist Schöttle points out in his writings on the history of the Klettgau that the Krenkingers, as a dynasty family in Seekirch am Federsee, set up their own ministerials . Documents from the Marchtal monastery would prove this over a period of 100 years.

The Krenkinger owned castle and castle bottoms in Seekirch, and in 1373 Johann von Krenkingen, as a fiefdom , confimed the refutation of Heinrich von Pflumper for the home tax and the morning gift of his housewife Ursula Grätterin (von Stafflangen ) with the castle at Seekirch at 500 pounds of yellow Heller. 1390 sold John of Krenkingen as lord the Widumhof because the Church and the Church set ingehörendt supplied authorities with Irish, large and small tithes, the vordran feud has been andt from me all mines and located church law of churches ze Sitzenkirch, the village at Buchoer lake against the Widemhof, the churches and the church set of the village of Nüffra as they were owned by Ludwig von Hornstein and his ancestors so far. Given the Monday after St. Margretentag 1390, sealed by Diethalmen Schiltar von Konstanz and Cunradt von Marzburg, citizens of Prague.

Certificates (selection)

  • March 6, 1102, Schaffhausen, Mr. Adelhart von Krenchingen is a witness in a renunciation case by Berthold II. (Zähringen)
  • 1191 Diethelm von Krenkingen, abbot of the Reichenau monastery, is appointed bishop of Constance.
  • 1258 Mr. Johann von Krenkingen is abbot of the Rheinau monastery
  • 1260 Mr. Eberhard von Krenkingen lives in Engen in the Krenkinger Castle (documents cannot be found)
  • 1262, Schaffhausen, Diethelm von Weißenburg (the Weißenburg line begins here) hands over an estate to Rötteln near Kaiserstuhl , the "Wur in den Widen" and a mill to the Allerheiligen monastery .
  • January 25, 1262, Konstanz, Bishop Eberhard promises Heinrich von Krenkingen zu Gutenburg the accolade if he leaves the city of Tiengen "oppidum Tuengen" left to him as a fief in its condition, which both do.
  • December 9, 1264 and July 14, 1266, Mr. Heinrich von Krenkingen leaves an estate in Bierbronnen to his wife Benedikta for reparation to the monastery of St. Blasien .
  • 1270 Mr. Heinrich von Krenkingen sells the umbrella bailiff and the Meieramt zu Neunkirch to Eberhard von Waldburg .
  • 1275, on the road from Tiengen to Gutenburg: Mr. Heinrich von Krenkingen hands over goods to his wife Benedikta in Dietlingen , Schnörringen, Gutkrenkingen Castle and Isnegg Castle for the St. Blasien Monastery.
  • 1278 Konrad von Krenkingen and Heinrich and Konrad ( Konrad von Winterstetten  ?), Schenken von Winterstetten, Mr. Bilgeri von Stoffeln , Mr. Egbrecht von Büsingen , all knights, and Mr. Hermann von Winterstetten war against the Paradies monastery , the reason is not mentioned.
  • April 10, 1295, Brenden : Friedrich von Weißenburg, Herr zu Roggenbach issues a certificate for St. Blasien and seals it for himself. (after Franz Joseph Mone )
  • 1301, Roggenbach: Friedrich and Heinrich von Krenkingen and Weißenburg liberate Heinrich von Erzingen in 1303
  • 1302, Diethelm von Krenkingen moves from Altkrenkingen Castle to Gutenburg.
  • January 28, 1303, Tiengen: Baron Friedrich von Weißenburg bequeathed fields in Grießen to the Riedern am Wald monastery .
  • June 1, 1311, Steinegg Castle : Diethelm von Krenkingen, suitors and knights, gives a Riedern serf to the Rheinau monastery.
  • June 7, 1315 Lüthold von Krenkingen is a witness in an agreement between Count Johann von Habsburg and his stepmother Maria.
  • June 15, 1316 Diethelm von Krenkingen is a district judge in Thurgau (Tänikon register).
  • 1317: Heinrich von Küssenberg is a loyal servant of Baron Diethelm von Krenkingen.
  • July 13, 1320, Bonndorf auf dem Wald : Diethelm von Krenkingen remembers a serf man in Altkrenkingen (letter from 1307), and agrees to a donation to the Rheinau monastery.
  • September 22, 1323: Lüthold von Krenkingen is among the arbitrators in a comparison between Leopold of Austria and Johann I von Habsburg-Laufenburg .
  • May 10, 1324: Diethelm von Krenkingen is bailiff in Thurgau (register Einsiedeln)
  • December 7, 1324, Villingen: Counts Johann and Götz (Georg) von Fürstenberg swear that they want to help the citizens of Villingen with body and good against their cousin Count Heinrich von Fürstenberg and against Mr. Diethelm von Krenkingen and von Allmendshofen .
  • 1330, Margaretha Freifrau zu Wasserstelz sells Weißwasserstelz Castle to Lüthold von Krenkingen and his wife Adelheid von Üsenberg .
  • 1340, Diethelm von Krenkingen is a district judge in Stühlingen, on behalf of Eberhards von Lupfen, his uncle and cousin.
  • 1343, Baron Heinrich von Krenkingen is killed.
  • 1346, Mr. Lüthold and Hans von Krenkingen lend Gelfart von Winkelheim and Heinrich Brümsi , citizens of Schaffhausen, several goods to Schleitheim
  • 1352, Mrs. Kathrin von Krenkingen, wife of Rudolf von Tengen, sells the bailiwick and judicial authority over Altenburg to the Rheinau monastery .
  • 1356 Arnold von Krenkingen is lord of the monastery in Einsiedeln .
  • June 14, 1361, Constance: Johann and Heinrich von Krenkingen pledge the castle Gutenburg an der Schlücht to the brothers Walter and Burkhart von Hohenfels → Burkart von Hohenfels for 1500 marks silver .
  • “According to a document from 1361, Johann von Krenkingen Johann I (1330-1372) pledged the old Krenkingen lordship di the Fronhof, the mill and the Reblehen along with the castle stables to the brothers Walter and Burkard von Hohenfels for 1500 M silver zu Öschingen, the Hof zu Schwerzen, the Kunzeweisgut in Willmendingen, the Fischenz an der Wutach, court, Zwing and Bann over the villages of Wutöschingen, Schwerzen and Horheim, also over the villages Breitenfeld, Dezeln, Ober- and Niederkrenkingen and others, issued to Constanz on the eve of St. Vitus's Day. ”[St. St. Vitus's Day = June 15].
  • 1363 Baroness Brigida von Krenkingen, daughter of Diethelm, had married Friedrich Schultheiss von Randenburg, a knight.
  • 1378 Hermann von Krenkingen, Lord of Tiengen and at Küssaburg Castle.
  • 1386, St. Peter and Paul: Heinrich and Diethelm von Krenkingen oppose the confederates.
  • 28/29 August 1389, Waldshut: Johann von Krenkingen, Baron von Tiengen, court judge of the Holy Roman Empire and his brother, Diethelm von Krenkingen, Kirchherr von Tiengen and Schwerzen settle a dispute between the meadow owners in the Schlatt near Waldshut.
  • June 10, 1378, Prague: The privilege of King Wenzel in view of the services that the noble Hermann von Krenkingen and his friends have rendered to him and to the empire, determined that the von Krenkingen and all of their people should not be summoned to any court other than that of Tiengen may be.
  • March 28, 1388, Augsburg: Privilege, King Wenzel grants the noble Johann von Krenkingen, his servant and court judge, the right to slaughter newe guldein coins for his services
  • July 20, 1396 and 1408: Junker Diethelm von Krenkingen makes large loans in the name of the city of Tiengen (2710 gold guilders).
  • October 20, 1413, Waldshut: Baron Diethelm von Krenkingen returns Tiengen Castle, a fief of the Hochstift Konstanz , as well as the church sentence for Tiengen and Schwerzen to Bishop Otto in accordance with an agreement (death without inheritance).
  • 1418 to 1438 Burkard von Krenkingen-Weißenburg is abbot of the Einsiedeln monastery
  • around 1470: Junker Hans von Krenkingen dies with no heirs , the goods go to relatives, especially Jakob von Rüßegg .
  • around 1470 Abbot Martin von Weißenburg-Krenkingen is the last male descendant.
  • 1487 to 1496: Elisabeth von Wyssenburg is abbess in Fraumünster
Miniature : Diethelm von Krenkingen, abbot of the Reichenau monastery

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Krenkinger exists in addition to the Krenkinger local coat of arms in variations in some other local coat of arms. For example in Lauchringen , Detzeln and Breitenfeld (Waldshut-Tiengen)

legend

Baron Konrad von Krenkingen, Herr zu Tiengen in Klettgau, was a free man. One day when Emperor Barbarossa was walking through the town of Tiengen, the baron sat very calmly in front of his property and, as the Emperor rode past, only moved a little with the beret . That amazed the emperor very much, since he was not used to such behavior and he stopped and asked him who he was, that he dared to do this? "I am responsible only to myself and have no fiefs from the emperor or other debts" and further, "he acknowledges the emperor as his master, but only as a clergyman, not as master of his goods". This impressed the emperor very much and he said: in order to ally us with you, I allow you to mint coins in the city of Tiengen and that is what happened (freely retold). Origin: Felix Hemmerlin and later with Martin Crusius ; the "legend" of the mint privilege also in the Zimmerische Chronik , there apparently after the archival expert Junker Gottfried von Rammingen (1510–1582); (see also certificates).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Thurgau document book. Volume 2, p. 109.
  2. ^ Certificate, GLA, Bettmaringen Office.
  3. ↑ Franz Ludwig Baumann : The Allerheiligen Monastery in Schaffhausen , p. 66, in: Sources for Swiss History, Volume Three, first section, published by the General History Research Society of Switzerland, Basel, 1881.
  4. ^ Fürstenberg record book, documents from January 12 and 31, 1357; No. 318 and 319 pp. 205 ff. And No. 328 and Siegmund Riezler : Hug's marriage to Adelheid von Krenkingen in: History of the Princely House of Fürstenberg , p. 260
  5. ↑ Paul Beck (ed.); Engelbert Hofele (ed.); Diocese Rottenburg (Ed.), Diocesan Archive of Swabia: Organ for history, antiquity, art and culture of the Diocese of Rottenburg and the adjacent areas . University of Heidelberg: Heidelberg historical holdings online
  6. ^ Johann Evangelist Schöttle: Description and history of the parish Seekirch with its branches Alleshausen, Grafenberg and Tiefenbach. With an appendix: Oedenahlen and Bischmannshausen . In: Freiburg Diöcesan Archive . Volume 2, pp. 91–128, Freiburg 1866 ( digital version , PDF, 33.5 MB)
  7. ↑ Hans Ruppaner: Die Herrschaft Wutental , quoted from the chronicle of Pastor Gregor Wehrle in Schwerzen from 1705 to 1738, in: Wutöschingen - then and now. Das Lesebuch , Ed .: Ortsverwaltung Wutöschingen, 2006, p. 39.
  8. ↑ s. also wikisource [1]