Rudolf von Habsburg-Laufenburg (Bishop)

Rudolf von Habsburg-Laufenburg (* in the 13th century; † April 3, 1293 in Zurich ),  Count II of this branch of the Habsburgs , was Prince-Bishop of Constance from 1274 to 1293 .

family

Rudolf was the second son of Count Rudolf I, the silent man from Habsburg-Laufenburg and Gertrud von Regensberg . His older brother was Gottfried I , Count of Habsburg-Laufenburg († 1271). His younger brother Eberhard († 1284) was married to Anna von Kyburg and founded the Neu-Kyburg line . King Rudolf I of Habsburg was his cousin.

Life

Rudolf was appointed clergyman from 1255 to 1262 canon in Basel , 1259 pastor in Dietikon , 1262–1274 provost in Basel and 1270–1272 provost of St. Martin in Rheinfelden . In 1266 he studied law in Bologna . From 1271 to 1288 he and his younger brother Eberhard, the Count of Kyburg from 1273, had the guardianship in the Landgraviate of Klettgau for his nephew Rudolf III. who was still a minor when Gottfried I died.

The Constance cathedral chapter elected him bishop in 1274, and he was consecrated by Pope Gregory X in 1275 in Lausanne . Rudolf makes himself strong for his ward. After his brother Eberhard's death in 1284, he took over the administration of the Kyburgian possessions in Burgundy. As the head of the Laufenburg branch of the Habsburgs, he had a tense relationship with his cousin King Rudolf I, who tried. to expand his property at the expense of the other Habsburg lines (or from his point of view to keep the Habsburg lands together). After Rudolf's death in 1291, he headed a broad alliance against Rudolf's son, Albrecht I , Duke of Austria. In addition to the Diocese of Constance, the alliance included the Counts of Montfort , Nellenburg , Homburg-Rapperswil , the central Swiss towns of Schwyz and Uri , the cities of Constance , Zurich , Bern and Lucerne, and Count Amadeus V of Savoy . However, Albrecht retained the upper hand militarily and forced Rudolf to make peace in 1292.

literature

• Oswald Redlich : Rudolf von Habsburg , 1965, Reprint 1965, ISBN 3511003563
• Georg von Wyß:  Rudolf II., Bishop of Constanz . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 29, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, pp. 539-542.
• Brigitte Degler-Spengler :  Rudolf v. Habsburg-Laufenburg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 175 ( digitized version ).
• Veronika Feller-Vest: Habsburg, Rudolf von (Laufenburg). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .

predecessor	Office	successor
Gottfried I.	Regent of the Landgraviate of Klettgau 1271–1288 with Eberhard I. (until 1284) guardian of Rudolf III.	Rudolf III.
Eberhard II of Waldburg	Bishop of Constance 1274–1293	Friedrich I of Zollern
Eberhard I.	Regent of the County of Kyburg 1284 – around 1290 guardian for Hartmann I.	Hartmann I.