Kyburg county
.svg){kind=small} Territory in the Holy Roman Empire |
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| Kyburg county | |
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| The Landvogtei Kyburg in the Zurich city-state in the 18th century | |
| Alternative names | Landvogtei Kyburg |
| Arose from |
County Kyburg (until 1264) Duchy of Austria (1264–1384), (1402–1424), (1442–1452) County Toggenburg , (1384–1402) City and Republic of Zurich (1424–1442), (1452–1798) |
| Form of rule | Republic ( Zurich ) |
| Ruler / government | Mayor of Zurich |
| Today's region / s | CH-ZH
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| Reichskreis | circular |
| Capitals / residences | Kyburg ZH |
| Denomination / Religions | until 1525: Roman Catholic , thereafter: Evangelical Reformed |
| Language / n |
German
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| Incorporated into | Reich exemption 1648, after 1798: Canton Zurich
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The County of Kyburg was an administrative unit in what is now the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland .
The county emerged from the 11th century onwards from the union of Adelheid, the daughter of Adalbert , the last lord of Winterthur, and Hartmann I von Dillingen , who was named after his new ancestral seat of Kyburg .
The Kyburger's real estate initially comprised areas from the Zürcher Oberland to the Thur , but above all closed real estate around the city of Winterthur , which roughly corresponds to today's district of Winterthur . The large-scale territorial policy of the Kyburger led to a rounding off of their possessions, whereby they were able to bring territories under their control through a clever marriage policy throughout the Swiss plateau. After the Kyburgs died out in 1264, their property came to the Habsburgs through inheritance . From then on, only the Kyburg family's real estate as an administrative unit within the Habsburg territories was referred to as the County of Kyburg .
Duke Friedrich IV of Tyrol , regent of the Habsburg foothills , pledged the county of Kyburg to the city of Zurich in 1424 due to financial difficulties . The Habsburg King and later Emperor Friedrich III. supported Zurich in the fight for the Toggenburg legacy in the Old Zurich War and therefore received back most of the County of Kyburg in 1442. Zurich kept only the area west of the Glatt river, which was called Neuamt from then on . The Habsburgs had to sell the rest of the County of Kyburg back to the city of Zurich as early as 1452. The city-state of Zurich integrated the county, with the exception of the Obervogtei Neuamt , which was separated off in 1442 , into its domain and had it ruled by a bailiff who resided at Kyburg Castle. The exception was the city of Winterthur , which under the Habsburgs still belonged to the county , which the Zurich residents could only buy in 1467 and then had to rule with a special status as a municipal town. In 1512 the reign of Pope Julius II received a valuable « Julius banner » for the services rendered in the "Great Pavier Campaign" in 1508–1510 to expel the French.
In 1798 the county was dissolved as an administrative unit in the course of the Helvetic and the French invasion.
structure
The county of Kyburg was an outer bailiwick within the landscape of the city of Zurich. It was divided into four offices: The Niederamt or Unteramt between Glatt and Töss up to the level of Oberembrach - Bassersdorf . The Oberamt south of the Töss. The Enneramt between Töss and Thur. The Ausseramt between the Rhine and Thur. Wangen and Töss were not assigned to any office. Ettenhausen near Wetzikon and Ebmatingen were exclaves of the Landvogtei . Two additional offices were later set up: The Embracheramt ( Embrach , Oberembrach and Lufingen ) and the Illnaueramt ( Kyburg , Illnau , Brütten , Lindau and Volketswil )
The following communities and lordships were part of the Landvogtei Kyburg: (according to Kläui)
- Obervogtei Laufen (1544–1798) with:
- Trullikon
- Truttikon and Kleinandelfingen
- Rudolfingen
- Upper Marthalen
- Ellikon on the Thur
- Glattfelden
- Upper Bailiwick of Flaach
- Berg am Irchel
- Depth
- Freienstein
- Dättlikon
- Pfungen
- Neftenbach
- Embrach (Embrach Abbey)
- Oberembrach
- Lufingen
- Brütten- Winterberg
- Breite and Oberwil
- Nürensdorf
- Hettlingen
- Dägerlen
- Altikon
- Herten near Altikon
- Kefikon
- Gundetswil
- Wiesendangen
- Menzengrüt
- Attikon
- Book at Wiesendangen
- Zünikon
- Obervogtei Hegi
- Oberwinterthur
- Mörsburg -rundhof
- Stocken and Oberseen
- Elgg and Stähliner Bund
- Waltenstein
- Geretswil
- Turbenthal and Wila
- Lordship of Alt-Landenberg
- Herrschaft Werdegg
- Endhöri
- Opfikon
- Dietlikon - vineyards
- Cheeks
- Volketswil
- Freudwil
- Wermatswil
- Ottenhausen
- Ebmatingen
See also: History of the City of Zurich , Territorial Development of Zurich , History of the Canton of Thurgau
literature
- Heinz Bühler et al .: The Counts of Kyburg. Kyburger conference 1980 in Winterthur . (Swiss contributions to the cultural history and archeology of the Middle Ages 8), Basel 1981, ISBN 3-530-49951-X .
- Karl Keller: The cities of the Counts of Kyburg. Materials on the city of the High Middle Ages. Anniversary exhibition 800 years of the city of Winterthur . Winterthur 1980.
- Paul Kläui / Eduard Imhof: Atlas on the history of the canton of Zurich . Published by the Government Council of the Canton of Zurich on the occasion of the 600th anniversary of Zurich joining the Confederation. 1351-1951. Orell Füssli, Zurich 1951.
- Hans Kläui: The Rhine Falls community Dachsen. Brief local history for the 1100 year celebration in August 1976 . Badgers 1976.
- Jürg Leuzinger: The Kiburger and the Oberaargau. Rise, rule and decline of a count's house . In: Jahrbuch des Oberaargaus 52 (2009), pp. 83–118.
Web links
- Ueli Müller: Kyburg (county, castle). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Winfried Hecht: The Julius banner of the town facing Rottweil. In: Der Geschichtsfreund: Messages from the Central Switzerland Historical Association . 126/7 (1973/4). doi : 10.5169 / seals-118647