1203
Portal history | Portal Biographies | Current events | Annual calendar
◄ |
12th century |
13th century
| 14th century
| ►
◄ |
1170s |
1180s |
1190s |
1200s
| 1210s
| 1220s
| 1230s
| ►
◄◄ |
◄ |
1199 |
1200 |
1201 |
1202 |
1203
| 1204
| 1205
| 1206
| 1207
| ►
| ►►
Calendar overview 1203
Map with all linked sites: | 1203 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| 1203 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 651/652 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1195/96 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1746/47 (southern Buddhism); 1745/46 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 64th (65th) cycle
Year of the Water Pig癸亥 ( at the beginning of the year Water Dog 壬戌) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 565/566 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 581/582 |
| Islamic calendar | 599/600 (New Year 9/10 September) |
| Jewish calendar | 4963/64 (September 7/8) |
| Coptic calendar | 919/920 |
| Malayalam calendar | 378/379 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1513/14 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1514/15 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1241 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1259/60 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Fourth crusade
- January: In their winter camp near Zara , which they conquered last year, the crusaders learn that the Fourth Crusade, contrary to the express will of Pope Innocent III. is not going directly to the Holy Land, but at the request of the exiled Byzantine Crown Prince Alexios Angelos, previously turned against Constantinople . As with the conquest of Zara , opinions are divided. Many refuse and leave the crusader army. However, the most important leaders, including Boniface of Montferrat , Louis of Blois , Baldwin of Flanders and Hainaut, and Hugo IV of St. Pol, agree.
- April 7th : The predominantly French-Venetian army sets out on Venetian ships for Constantinople. It makes a stopover in Corfu . When she found out about the goal of the crusade there, resistance rose in the population.
- May 24th : The crusader army leaves Corfu and reaches the Dardanelles via Euboea , where the city of Abydos is taken.
- June 24th : The crusaders go ashore on the Bosporus . In the end, unsuccessful negotiations with Emperor Alexios III begin .
- July 17th : After the first attack on Constantinople, Emperor Alexios III flees . by night from the city to Thrace. The resistance quickly collapses.
- July 18 : Isaac II is taken out of the dungeon and put back on the throne
- August 1st : Alexios IV is appointed co-emperor in the Byzantine Empire by his father Isaac II . He takes over the de facto rule under pressure from the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade who are staying in Constantinople . His father was imprisoned for eight years and was blinded after the coup d'état of his brother Alexios III. handicapped.
- Since the new emperor is unable to keep the promises made of rich rewards, there are increasing attacks by crusaders on merchants and the population.
Holy Roman Empire
- German throne dispute : Philipp von Schwaben betrothed his one-year-old daughter Kunigunde von Staufen to Otto VIII von Wittelsbach , Count Palatine of Bavaria , so that he would support him in the war against Landgrave Herrmann I of Thuringia.
France / England
- January: Isabella von Angoulême , wife of the English King Johann Ohneland , is besieged by French troops in Chinon during the Franco-English War . She is finally horrified by a contingent of mercenaries under Pierre de Préaux and taken to Argentan .
- April 3 : Arthur of Brittany , pretender to the English throne and the English possessions in France , dies under unexplained circumstances in Rouen after six months in the captivity of his uncle Johann Ohneland . It is not known whether he was personally murdered by his uncle or by his confidante William de Braose . Arthur's claims are passed on to his sister Eleonore , who is also in the hands of Johann in Corfe Castle . With the murder of Arthur, Johann, who is already on the defensive in the war against France, loses further support from the nobility and is therefore unable to undertake a campaign in the summer.
- Summer: The French King Philip II advances along the Loire, while the rebels from the Poitou attack Aquitaine . Then Philip II resumes his attacks on the border castles of Normandy . First Conches is conquered, then the castle of Vaudreuil, defended by Robert FitzWalter and Saer de Quincy , surprisingly emerges .
- At the end of August, the French begin the siege of Château Gaillard , which is considered impregnable and which blocks the Seine valley. An attempt at relief on water and on land led by Johann and his confidante William Marshal fails with high losses. Johann then turns west and attacks Brittany , where he loots Dol .
- Suspicious of his barons in Normandy, Johann gives up and sails from Barfleur to Portsmouth in England on December 5th .
- Pope Innocent III threatens to banish church and interdict against Normandy.
Japan
Family tree of the Minamoto clan
- June 30th : Minamoto no Yoriie is deposed as Shogun by the Hōjō clan . A council of 13 elders, led by his grandfather Hōjō Tokimasa , takes the lead in Japan . Thereupon Yoriie forges a plot together with his father-in-law Hiki Yoshikazu to defeat the Hōjō clan. However, he fails, is placed under house arrest and forced to abdicate. His eleven-year-old brother Minamoto no Sanetomo becomes the Shogun of the Kamakura Shogunate without any actual power.
First documentary mentions
Culture
- June: Destruction of the Erfurt vineyards during the siege of Erfurt by Otto IV. The mention of this historical event in the Parzival of Wolfram von Eschenbach is one of the rare historical references in German-language literature of the Middle Ages.
- November 12th : The only documentary mention of Walther von der Vogelweide
- The historian Robert de Clari mentions that he saw a cloth (possibly the Shroud of Turin ) with the Lord's imprint in Constantinople .
religion
- Ekbert von Andechs-Meranien succeeds Konrad von Ergersheim , who died on February 19, as Bishop of Bamberg .
- In a manuscript by Stephen Langton , chapter numbering of the Bible appears in a modern form.
Born
Exact date of birth unknown
- Peter II , Count of Savoy and Earl of Richmond († 1268 )
- Abu Zakariya Yahya I. , ruler of the Hafsids in Ifrīqiya († 1249 )
- Alan de la Zouche , English military man and nobleman († 1270 )
Born around 1203
- Abū Yahyā Zakariyā 'ibn Muhammad al-Qazwīnī , Persian doctor, astronomer and geographer († 1283 )
- Mechthild von Landsberg , Countess von Sayn and founder († around 1291 )
- Mindaugas , Lithuanian Grand Duke († 1263 )
- William d'Aubigny, 4th Earl of Arundel , English magnate († 1224 )
Died
Date of death secured
- January 3 : Wilhelm II , Count of Chalon
- January 22nd : Agnes II of Meißen , Abbess of the Quedlinburg Monastery (* before 1145 )
- February 19 : Konrad von Ergersheim , Bishop of Bamberg
- March: Hedwig von Ballenstedt , Margravine of Meißen (* around 1140 )
- April 3 : Arthur I , designated English heir to the throne (* 1187 )
- May 12th : Nantelmus of Ecublens , Bishop of Sion
- May 23 : Bernhard von Ibbenbüren , Bishop of Paderborn
- May: Dafydd from Owain , Prince of the Welsh Principality of Gwynedd
- June 9 : Hermann II. Von Katzenelnbogen , Bishop of Münster (* 1140 or 1150 )
- July 12 : Isabel de Warenne , English nobleman (* 1136 )
- September: William VIII , lord of Montpellier (* around 1172 )
- October 8 : Hiki Yoshikazu , Japanese sword nobleman
- November 4th : Dietrich VII , Count of Holland
- December 23 : Otto I. , Count von Brehna, Gommern and Jessen
- about December 24th: Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick , English magnate
Exact date of death unknown
- ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-Maqdisī , hadith scholar (* 1146 )
- Alexios Komnenos Palaiologos, Byzantine aristocrat, son-in-law and heir to the throne of Emperor Alexios III.
- Mathieu I. de Marly , French crusader
- Martshang Sherab Sengge , person of Tibetan Buddhism (* 1135 )
- Mongaku , Japanese monk and politician (* 1139 )
- Guido von Bazoches , French chronicler (* before 1146)
- Petrus von Blois , French poet and diplomat (* 1135 )
- William de Stuteville , Anglo-Norman nobleman (* around 1140 )
Web links
Commons : 1203 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
