Judenburg

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Borough
Judenburg
coat of arms Austria map
Judenburg coat of arms
Judenburg (Austria)
Judenburg
Basic data
Country: Austria
State : Styria
Political District : Murtal
License plate : MT (from July 1, 2012; old: JU)
Surface: 63.77 km²
Coordinates : 47 ° 10 ′  N , 14 ° 40 ′  E Coordinates: 47 ° 10 ′ 21 ″  N , 14 ° 39 ′ 37 ″  E
Height : 737  m above sea level A.
Residents : 9,853 (Jan 1, 2020)
Postal code : 8750
Area code : 03572
Community code : 6 20 40
NUTS region AT226
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Hauptplatz 1
8750 Judenburg
Website: www.judenburg.at
politics
mayor Hannes Dolleschall ( SPÖ )
Location of Judenburg in the Murtal district
Fohnsdorf Gaal Lobmingtal Hohentauern Judenburg Knittelfeld Kobenz Maria Buch-Feistritz Obdach Pöls-Oberkurzheim Pölstal Pusterwald Sankt Georgen ob Judenburg Sankt Marein-Feistritz Sankt Margarethen bei Knittelfeld Sankt Peter ob Judenburg Seckau Spielberg Unzmarkt-Frauenburg Weißkirchen in Steiermark Zeltweg SteiermarkLocation of the community Judenburg in the Murtal district (clickable map)
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Austria / maintenance / site plan image map
Judenburg vom Liechtensteinberg (2009)
Judenburg vom Liechtensteinberg (2009)
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria
Judenburg from the south (2009)
Judenburg from the southwest (Grünhübl) (2008)
Judenburg West (Grünhübl) (2008)

Judenburg is a municipality in the Murtal district in Styria with 9853 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020).

geography

Judenburg has an area of ​​63.77 km² and is 737 m above sea level on the southern edge of the Aichfeld , a spacious basin of the Alps opposite Fohnsdorf .

The longest river in Styria , the Mur, flows through the city . The Granitzenbach flows into the Mur in the vicinity . To the south of the city are the Seetal Alps with their highest mountain, the Zirbitzkogel , and to the west is the Falkenberg .

Community structure

The municipality includes the following ten localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):

  • Auerling (129)
  • Feeberg (176)
  • Gasselsdorf (28)
  • Judenburg (8386)
  • Oberweg (517)
  • Ossach (45)
  • Reifling (57)
  • Ritzersdorf (15)
  • Strettweg (367)
  • Waltersdorf (133)

The community consists of six cadastral communities (area as of December 31, 2019):

  • Judenburg (460.79 ha)
  • Oberweg (786.44 ha)
  • Ossach (2,636.06 ha)
  • Reifling (1,622.73 ha)
  • Tiefenbach (388.30 ha)
  • Waltersdorf (474.43 ha)
Incorporations

Neighboring communities

Pöls-Oberkurzheim
Sankt Peter ob Judenburg Neighboring communities
shelter Weißkirchen in Styria

history

The urban area was already settled in Hallstatt , as evidenced by the discovery of the Strettweg cult car .

Judenburg was founded near Eppenstein Castle . The first documentary mention of this castle as mercatum Judinburch comes from the year 1074 - Jewish traders played an important role in transalpine trade at that time and founded trading posts in the region (→  History of the Jews in Austria or History of the Jews in Styria ). Since the end of the 13th century it has been documented that Jews were primarily active as moneylenders in Judenburg. Her place of residence was Judengasse im Gehag (in the area of ​​today's Heiligengeistgasse), where the synagogue and the Judenbad were also located. The Jewish cemetery was outside the city near Weyer Castle . The first mention is also the oldest stacking right in Austria, the Eppensteiners are already endowed with extensive customs rights at this time . Judenburg was particularly important for the trade in Upper Styria iron ( Erzberg ). The special importance of this branch is certainly also in the Speik trade ( Valeriana celtica , "Alpenbaldrian" or Maria Magdalenen flower ). Speik is a coveted perfume in the Orient that was traded via Venice - a trade route that was not open to Christians in the early High Middle Ages.

In the early 12th century, Judenburg became the property of the Traungau family and then the Babenberg family . In 1224 Judenburg received city ​​rights . In the vicinity of Judenburg there was the last fighting of the Landsberger Bund against Duke Albrecht I in 1292 , which ended with a victory for the Duke. The city of Judenburg grew in the 13th and 14th centuries into a supra-regionally important trading center, which traded with Venice , among others . The Judenburg guilder was the first and for a long time also the most important gold coin in Austria. 1460 awarded Friedrich III. the city of Judenburg the monopoly for worldwide trade in Speik. The city retained the monopoly for over 100 years. After several pogroms in the 14th and 15th centuries, in 1496 all Styrian Jews were expelled from the country on the instructions of Maximilian I.

The political community Judenburg was established in 1849/50. From 1910 to 1914 the Gleislose Bahn Judenburg , one of the first trolleybus operators in Austria , ran in the city . Until the First World War , Judenburg was a garrison of the Austro-Hungarian Army . In 1914 the Moravian Military Police Battalion No. 17 was located here .

During the reign of National Socialism , efforts were made to change the name of the city, which was regarded as intolerable because of the words “Jude” or “Jews”, to “Zirbenstadt” or “Adolfburg”. However, the discussion about this was postponed until after the war, so that no change came about.

After the end of the Second World War , in 1673 Cossack officers who had fought on the German side were transferred by the British to the Soviet secret service NKVD on the Mur Bridge in Judenburg. They had previously been assured that as emigrants they would not face extradition. A memorial next to the Mur Bridge, the "Cossack Stone", commemorates everyone who was sent to their deaths in the Lienz Cossack tragedy . A DP camp was set up in Judenburg for Jewish displaced persons . External camps existed in the districts of Dietersdorf, Liechtenstein, Kobenz and Murdorf.

Today Judenburg is an industrial and commercial city and has in schools, among other things, a Bundesgymnasium and Bundesrealgymnasium as well as a commercial college and a federal school for elementary education . Judenburg is the seat of the district administration of the Murtal district, which was newly founded on January 1, 2012, and was already the seat of the Judenburg district, which was merged into the Murtal district.

Population development


Culture and sights

City Tower (2005)
View from Falkenberg to Judenburg Ost with train station, "Stahl Judenburg" and Murdorf (2008)
  • Historic old town: The well-preserved historic old town also dates from the time of the early heyday as the “capital” of Upper Styria.
  • City tower: The landmark of Judenburg is the almost 76 meter high city tower, which offers a panoramic view of the Aichfeld. Construction began in the 15th century. Originally it was built as a bell tower for the neighboring parish church of St. Nicholas , which does not have its own church tower. But it also served as a watchtower in relation to fires that ravaged both the city and the tower itself well into the 19th century. The city tower got its present appearance after the last major fire in 1840. Today one of the most modern planetariums in Europe is located in the tower at a height of 50 m .
  • Puch Museum: This museum is divided into three subject areas: Johann Puch and the Puch works, four-wheelers from Puch and two-wheelers from Puch.

The city of Judenburg is a member of the Association of Small Historical Cities .

Natural monuments

Regular events

  • An international staircase run has taken place on the Judenburg Star Tower every year since 2007 . The Austrian Wolfgang Miesbacher mastered the 256 steps the fastest so far in 2011 with 37.67 seconds.

Sports

  • Judenburg-Murdorf sports stadium : The Judenburg-Murdorf sports stadium (since 1970) is equipped with an athletics facility for international competitions. The local soccer club FC Judenburg plays its home games here as part of the soccer championship of the Styrian soccer association. An artificial turf playing field (built in 2008) with floodlights is also available. Judenburg is also one of five locations of a performance training center of the Styrian football association. A skate park has also been set up in the Judenburg stadium.
  • Sports hall Lindfeld: The sports hall Lindfeld (since 1974) houses the badminton, judo and table tennis sections of the ATUS Judenburg. Indoor soccer tournaments are held there in the winter months, as well as championship games of the Austrian Futsal Bundesliga. The school gym of the Judenburg-Stadt elementary school offers not only school activities but also the opportunity for members of Judenburg clubs to pursue their sporting interests.
  • Judenburg Adventure Pool: The Judenburg Adventure Pool (since 1990) offers family fun and children's pools, a toddler area, mother and child area, play stream, current swimming channel and a 70 meter long water slide, but also a sports pool (25 m × 15 m), adventure pool and a non-swimmer pool. Sunbathing lawns, a natural grass soccer field, a beach volleyball court, a restaurant and a sauna area (with Finnish cabins, steam cabin, bio sauna with helarium, infrared heat cabin, a Kneipp street, massage and solarium) complete the offer. There is also an indoor pool with a 20-meter lap pool and a toddler area with a slide.
  • Tennis hall: The tennis hall in Judenburg-Strettweg offers three carpet granulate courts.
  • Judenburg climbing hall: The Judenburg climbing hall, connected to the tennis hall, is one of the most modern indoor climbing facilities in Austria and a sports climbing base in Styria with a training and enjoyment climbing wall, a lead climbing wall and the Bouldering area.

Economy and Infrastructure

In 2001 there were 578 workplaces with 6060 employees in the municipality as well as 1799 out- commuters and 3840 in- commuters according to the workplace census ; In 1999 there were 41 agricultural and forestry holdings (16 of which were the main occupation), which together farmed 3791 hectares.

For several years, Judenburg, like most of the former industrial centers of the Mur-Mürz-Furche , has been struggling with the continuous emigration of businesses and residents. The establishment of the “Arena am Waldfeld” shopping center in the neighboring municipality of Fohnsdorf has exacerbated this trend and led to a strong thinning of the trade.

Judenburg with Murdorf, Magdalenavorstadt, train station and "Stahl Judenburg" (view from northwest) (2010)

traffic

Healthcare

  • State Hospital: In Judenburg is one of the three sites of the provincial hospital Murtal. The surgical , trauma surgery and gynecological department of the hospital association is located at the Judenburg site .
  • Red Cross: The Austrian Red Cross ensures that the rescue service is carried out . In the Judenburg district, 300 voluntary and 15 professional employees in one district office and four local offices ensure emergency and medical care. The Red Cross District Office Judenburg and the Red Cross District Office Knittelfeld operate an emergency vehicle that is stationed in the Zeltweg local office and provides emergency medical care to the Murtal district. In addition, ambulance vehicles , makeshift ambulances , emergency ambulances and ambulances are constantly operational in the entire district to cover the rescue and ambulance services. In order to ensure that the population is supplied as quickly as possible, local offices in Fohnsdorf , Hohentauern and Obdach are also maintained in addition to the district office in Judenburg and the emergency doctor base in Zeltweg .
  • Lebenshilfe district of Judenburg

education

  • Primary school VS Judenburg-Lindfeld
  • Primary school and special school VS / ASO Judenburg-Stadt
  • New Middle School Dr Karl-Renner
  • Bundesgymnasium and Bundesrealgymnasium (BG / BRG Judenburg)
  • Business School and Business Academy (BHAK / BHAS)
  • Educational Institute for Elementary Education (BAFEP)
  • Music School (Ulrich-Von-Liechtenstein)

politics

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The municipal council has 25 members.

16 SPÖ, 7 FPÖ, 4 ÖVP, 2 Greens and 2 KPÖ. (29 members)
13 SPÖ, 7 ÖVP, 2 FPÖ, 2 Greens and 1 KPÖ.

mayor

  • 1861 to 1867: Franz Habianitsch
  • 1867 to 1870: Dr. Carl Hiebaum
  • 1870 to 1872: Franz Habianitsch
  • 1872 to 1873: Carl Pruckmayer
  • 1873 to 1885: Dr. Carl Hiebaum
  • 1885 to 1894: Dr. Conrad Goedel
  • 1894 to 1901: Wilhelm Zamponi
  • 1901 to 1912: Franz Hangi
  • 1912 to 1919: Rudolf Foest-Monshoff
  • 1919 to 1927: Johann Kleindienst (SPÖ)
  • 1927 to 1934: Jakob Stoll (SPÖ)
  • 1934 to 1935: Dr. Jakob Haidacher, government commissioner
  • 1935 to 1938: Dr. Jakob Haidacher
  • 1938 to 1939: Rudolf Bauernberger, official administrator
  • 1939 to 1942: Erwin Lehner
  • 1942 to 1944: Hans Kopp, acting
  • 1944 to 1945: Franz Strobl, acting
  • 1945 to 1946: Jakob Stoll (SPÖ)
  • 1946 to 1970: Josef Zach (SPÖ)
  • 1970 to 1990: Johann Lammer (SPÖ)
  • 1990 to 2004: Peter Schlacher (SPÖ)
  • 2004 to 2010: Margarete Gruber (SPÖ)
  • since 2010: Hannes Dolleschall (SPÖ)

badges and flags

AUT Judenburg COA.svg

The city coat of arms was awarded with effect from June 1, 1959 by resolution of the Styrian state government of February 9, 1959. Due to the amalgamation of the municipalities, the coat of arms lost its official validity on January 1st, 2015.

The re-award took place on November 15, 2015.

The new blazon reads:

"In the red shield there is a silver bearded man's head covered with a Jewish hat."

The city flag has two stripes in the colors white and red with the coat of arms.

Town twinning

Judenburg has been the Austrian member of the Douzelage since 1999 . One city from one country of the European Union is represented in this city partnership . The cities cultivate a cultural, educational and sporting exchange.

Personalities

Daughters and sons
People related to the community
  • Sebastian Danner (1864–1911), engineer, founder of the Judenburg cast steelworks (1906), today Stahl Judenburg GmbH
  • Hans Dichand (1921–2010), editor-in-chief and publishing director of the “Murtaler Zeitung” (1946–1948), publisher of the new “Kronen Zeitung” (from 1959)
  • Hans von Judenburg (around the end of the 14th century - around the middle of the 15th century), sculptor and painter
  • Gernot Jurtin (1955-2006), football player
  • Ulrich von Liechtenstein (around 1200–1275), minstrel and poet
  • Hans Mitter (around 1400–1460), citizen of Judenburg, most important Styrian bell founder of the late Middle Ages
  • Kurt Muthspiel (1931–2001), composer
  • Walter Pfrimer (1881–1968), lawyer, best known for the Pfrimer Putsch in 1931
  • Domenico Sciassia (approx. 1600–1679), master builder, new building planner for the parish church of St. Nikolaus in Judenburg from approx. 1673
  • Karl Wegrath (1932–2018), bronze medal at the 3rd table tennis championship in 1962 in Berlin (GER) in men's doubles and multiple Styrian and Austrian table tennis champions
  • Konrad Wittgenstein (1878–1918), founder of the Judenburg cast steelworks (1906), today Stahl Judenburg GmbH

Others

Judenburg is one of the 24 municipalities in Austria (as of 2019) that received the highest award in the e5 municipal energy project. The e5 community project aims to promote the implementation of a modern energy and climate policy at community level.

In the summer after the end of World War II , the Montenegrin politician and one of the most famous sympathizers of National Socialism in Montenegro, Sekula Drljević , was executed in Judenburg by Chetniks from Herzegovina together with his wife.

On September 12, 2019, a public toilet facility equipped with photovoltaic modules and an e-bike charging station , which the local building yard had previously made from a 9 m² “Cubox”, was opened in the municipal Europapark (formerly Sparkassenpark) . The total costs for the conversion and assembly came to around 100,000 euros. According to some media, it is the most expensive taxpayer-funded toilet in the world.

literature

Web links

Commons : Judenburg  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Judenburg in the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikisource: Judenburg in the appendix of the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ aeiou.at
  2. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
  3. ↑ Regionalinformation , bev.gv.at (1,094 kB); accessed on January 10, 2020.
  4. ↑ Statistics Austria: dissolutions or associations of municipalities from 1945
  5. ↑ Announcement of the Styrian state government of October 10, 2013 on the unification of the municipality of Judenburg and the municipalities of Oberweg and Reifling, all of the political district of Murtal. Styrian Provincial Law Gazette of November 15, 2013, No. 117, 32nd issue , ZDB -ID 705127-x , p. 630.
  6. ↑ Hallstatt period finds around the cult car from Strettweg, Standard, June 28, 2013
  7. ^ Ingrid Schubert: Judenburg. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon . Online edition, Vienna 2002 ff., ISBN 3-7001-3077-5 ; Print edition: Volume 2, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-7001-3044-9 .
  8. ↑ a b The secret star of the Nockberge ( memento from July 10, 2014 in the web archive archive.today ) , kleinezeitung.at, September 17, 2011.
  9. ↑ Isidore Singer:  Styria. Indications of Early Jewish Settlements. Riots at Fürstenfeld and Judenburg .. In: Isidore Singer (Ed.): Jewish Encyclopedia . Funk and Wagnalls, New York 1901-1906.
  10. ↑ General State Law and Government Gazette for the Crown Land of Styria, Issue 21, October 7, 1850, No. 378.
  11. ↑ See Michael Schiestl: "Zirbitz-", "Adolf-" or "Jubelburg". Documents of the "healthy people's feeling". In: "Reports of the Museum Association Judenburg." 33 (2000), pp. 23–32.
  12. ^ Karl-Peter Schwarz: A shameful operation. Stalin wanted revenge - and Churchill didn't want to jeopardize his understanding: How the British army handed over tens of thousands of Cossacks, Caucasians, Slovenes and Croats from Austria to the Soviet Union and to Tito's communist partisans in the weeks after the end of World War II . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, June 1, 2015, p. 6.
  13. ^ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung : A shameful operation from June 8, 2015, accessed on July 13, 2015
  14. ↑ DP camp Judenburg
  15. ↑ Our planetarium. In: Star Tower. Retrieved on February 19, 2020 (German).
  16. ↑ Puchmuseum Judenburg
  17. ^ Archives of the township of Judenburg
  18. ↑ regionalbus-aichfeld.at ( Memento of the original from December 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.regionalbus-aichfeld.at
  19. ↑ Station information. In: fahrplan.oebb.at. Retrieved April 4, 2016 .
  20. ^ City of Judenburg | Educational institutions. Retrieved October 1, 2019 .
  21. ^ Election result of the 2015 municipal council election in Judenburg. State of Styria, March 22, 2015, accessed on July 20, 2020 .
  22. ↑ Results of the municipal council election 2020 in Judenburg. State of Styria, June 28, 2020, accessed on July 20, 2020 .
  23. ↑ 92. Announcement of the Styrian state government of October 22, 2015 on the granting of the right to use a municipal coat of arms to the municipality of Judenburg (political district of Murtal) , accessed on October 28, 2015.
  24. ↑ According to Edgar Seibel , the city coat of arms presents “an old Jew with a clichéd appearance” […] [He] “wears a so-called Jewish hat […] a distinguishing feature that was used to mark people as Jews in the Middle Ages. From the 13th century it was imposed on the Jews as a stigmatizing feature "(quoted from: Judenburg and Česká Třebová : Judaism and anti-Semitism in today's city arms , in: Jüdische Rundschau No. 6 (70), Berlin, June 2020, p. 42)
  25. ↑ Entry on Judenburg on the website kommunalflaggen.eu
  26. ↑ female employees. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .
  27. ^ Artistic direction. Retrieved October 13, 2019 .
  28. ↑ e5 communities in Austria as of March 2019
  29. ↑ Novak Adzic: KO JE BIO DR SEKULA DRLJEVIĆ? Retrieved July 15, 2017 .
  30. ↑ By Josef Fröhlich | 1.35 p.m., 12 September 2019: In Judenburg: 100,000 euros for a nine square meter public toilet. September 12, 2019, accessed October 1, 2019 .
  31. ↑ The most expensive 'house' in the world is in Judenburg. September 13, 2019, accessed October 1, 2019 .