Tryavna
| Tryavna (Трявна) | |||
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| Basic data | |||
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| State : |
 Bulgaria
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| Oblast : | Gabrovo | ||
| Residents : | 8543 (December 31, 2016) | ||
| Coordinates : | 42 ° 52 ' N , 25 ° 30' E | ||
| Height : | 603 m | ||
| Postal code : | 5350 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+359) 0677 | ||
| License plate : | EB | ||
| administration | |||
| Mayor : | Silviya Krasteva | ||
| Ruling party : | VMRO | ||
| Website : | www.tryavna.bg | ||
Trjawna [ ˈtrjavnɐ ] (Bulgarian Трявна Tryavna , Triavna ) is a small Bulgarian town with 8543 inhabitants (December 31, 2016), located near Veliko Tarnovo and Gabrovo . Tryavna used to be a center of the textile industry , but is now increasingly dependent on tourism . The Tyvna Art School is one of the most famous and oldest art schools in Bulgaria.
location
The town of Tryavna is one of the Bulgarian settlements that has preserved the national spirit and way of life of the Bulgarians. Tryavna is located on the northern slopes of the Balkan Mountains , along the Tryavna River. The city is well connected to the whole country by traffic and rail routes. Tryavna is 240 km from Sofia and Varna and 210 km from Burgas . The city is located at an altitude of 440 m above sea level.
The Balkan Mountains surround the city like a wreath and give it fresh mountain air, ancient coniferous forests, green meadows and clear water. The climate there is mild and suitable for the healing and rehabilitation of people with lung and heart diseases.
history
Tryavna is the center for collections of outstanding examples of wood carving, icon painting and architecture. Cultural and historical excavations show that the settlement already existed in the era of Thracians and Romans , other historical sources show that the city was founded in the 12th century. Another document sees the year 1565 as the year the city was founded. During the time of the Ottoman rule, the town's inhabitants guarded the mountain passes and thus secured some privileges ( Derwendschi ), which is why the settlement had a purely Bulgarian population, who mainly created masterpieces in the field of building, wood carving and icon painting.
At the time of the Bulgarian Revival , the city got its specific appearance, it harmonized with nature. In typical Tryavna houses, the ground floor has an irregular shape; suitable for small shops and workshops. The upper floors have protruding bay windows supported by arched wooden beams. The roofs are covered with slabs of worked stone, a material that goes well with the mountain landscape. The old town quarter of Tryavna is an architectural reserve. The preserved ensemble of the clock tower (built in 1844) and the “bent” bridge on the “Kapitan Djado Nikola” square are symbols of the city. This also includes the building of the old Tryavna School - one of the first public schools in Bulgaria. There is a collection of medieval clocks and a permanent exhibition of the world-famous painter Dimitar Kazakov , some of whose works are exhibited in Paris and Boston .
There you can also visit the Raikow House - the birthplace of the first Bulgarian chemist, Professor Pencho Nikolow Raikow . The house houses an ethnographic exhibition.
Also of interest is the “Petko and Pentscho Slawejkowi” museum house, in which the exhibition is dedicated to the poetry of the two creators - father and son. The son Pecho Slavicov had been nominated for the Nobel Prize for Poetry.
The Kalinchev House was converted into a picture gallery with the art collection donated by the Totju Gabenski family . The exhibition in the “Angel Kantschew” museum shows the history of the national liberation struggle and the activities of Angel Kantschew , who was Wasil Lewski's comrade in arms .
Trjawna is not only a remarkable center for architecture of the 18th and 19th centuries, it is also home to the oldest art school from the Revival period, which produced excellent models in the field of icon painting and wood carving . The names of many famous builders, painters and wood carvers made Trjawna famous beyond the borders of Bulgaria in Romania , Serbia , Turkey and Persia at the end of the 18th century .
Inextricably linked with Trjawna are the two famous carved suns, which are located in the Daskalov House (built in 1808), a museum of painting and wood carving. The remarkable ceilings are a result of the first declared competition between the then master wood carvers Dimitar Oschaneza and Ivan Botschukoweza . From May to October they worked independently in the largest rooms in the house without being able to see each other's work. The wonderful carved ceilings depict the fiery rays of the July sun, which is adorned with wreaths of green plants and flowers.
The church “St. Archangel Michail “(built in 1814) stands in the center of the city. It is a valuable medieval cultural monument. The carved iconostasis and the bishop's throne are masterpieces of the Trjawna wood carving school.
The museum "Trjawna School of Icon Painting" with 160 icons of old masters is located in the "King's Chapel". The entire exhibition was also shown in Paris. Today, the College of Applied Arts continues the centuries-old tradition in this area.
Tryavna is now a tourist town with modern hotels and restaurants. 20 km from the city is the health resort Woneschta Woda (German: "stinking water"), whose mineral springs can alleviate rheumatic diseases as well as heart and stomach problems.
The family of the former Prime Minister of Bulgaria, Stefan Stambolow, comes from Trjawna . The city is also namesake for Tryavna Peak on Livingston Island in Antarctica.
City center 2007
town hall
Church “St. Archangel Mikhail "
Tryavna
coat of arms
The coat of arms of Tryavna exists in a smaller and a larger version. The small version is one of the Heraldry typical, so-called Spanish coat of arms , the quartered was of blue and red. In the first field at the top right, the letter T , which stands for the name of the city and its Bulgarian meaning трева (trewa, English grass ) and the date of the first known written mention of the city name in 1565, was drawn on a red background . The second field, top right, shows the two landmarks of Tryavna - the stone bridge and the clock tower - on a blue background. The lower left field also shows a golden griffin on a blue background, with a brush and a scythe in its front paws. The griffin stands for the duality of human pursuit of the divine, which is expressed in the form of the unique art of the icon painters and wood carvers of the famous Trjawna art school. The fourth field shows a rampant, inward-looking, golden lion on a red background, symbolizing the proud and vigilant Bulgarian spirit of the citizens of Trjawna.
The large coat of arms contains the small coat of arms shield in the center, which is carried on both sides by two inward-looking, white doves as shield holders . The doves, which on the one hand symbolize Christianity and on the other hand stand for the Enlightenment during the Bulgarian Revival, stand on two crossed acanthus branches . The green branches represent the purity of the nature of the Balkan Mountains and the health resort of the Trjawna.
Web links
- Tryavna City Website
- City of Tryavna. bulgariatravel.org
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/2981/%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8% D0% B5-% D0% BF% D0% BE-% D0% B3% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5-% D0% B8-% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB
- ^ Coat of arms of Tryavna (Bulgarian) , official website of the city of Tryavna, accessed on August 8, 2012
