Remminger Schlössle

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Remminger Schlössle
Locations of the village and castle to the left and right of the Enz

Locations of the village and castle to the left and right of the Enz

Alternative name (s): Remmigheim Castle
Creation time : around 1100
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Burgstall
Standing position : Ministeriale
Place: Remmigheim ( Bietigheim-Bissingen )
Geographical location 48 ° 55 '34 "  N , 9 ° 4' 56.1"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 55 '34 "  N , 9 ° 4' 56.1"  E
Height: 265  m above sea level NHN
View from the Burgstall through the Bannwald to the Remmigheim settlement area
Relics of the castle with the Württemberg boundary stone in front of the former moat
The large hewn stones of the inlet structure to the rafters' canal could have come from the ruins

The " Remminger Schlössle " castle above Remmigheim is an abandoned hilltop castle of the early lords of Remmichingen . The Burgstall lies above the Enz Valley across from the desert of the village of the same name, the former mark of which today belongs to Bietigheim-Bissingen in the Ludwigsburg district of Baden-Württemberg .

Burgstall

The Burgstall, popularly known as “Schlössle” and also shown on topographical maps, is located on the steep slope to the right of the Enz in the middle of the “ Leudelsbachtal ” nature reserve . Today it is forested and much larger than the diminutive of the name suggests. Relics of the moat, which separates the castle on the slope edge in a horseshoe shape from the plateau of the Rotenacker Forest, are still clearly recognizable. It encloses a partly filled plateau, which was bordered by a wall ring, of which an almost closed dump of rubble still testifies. The heap is interrupted for an inlet from the east. Larger hewn stones cannot be seen. Presumably they were built in the Grüninger vineyards on the Upper Wannenberg , in the dry stone walls of which there are numerous typical castle stones, and on the Remmigheim raftsman canal, which was enlarged around 1760 and received a massive inlet structure.

An archaeological investigation of the castle stable, which was called a "ruin" in the topographical map from 1897, is still pending.

Origin and choice of location

The castle is believed to have been built around 1100 by the ministerial family of the Lords of Remmigheim , first documented in 1089 . The fact that the castle, which is around 70 meters higher, belonged to Remmigheim, is supported by the course of the Remmigheim marker border as well as the choice of location: From here you could not only see the Enz crossing, the village and the Flößergasse, but also the Enz and downstream the country roads parallel to the Enz and to Großsachsenheim have an excellent view. In addition, one had direct eye contact with the relatives' castles in Unterriexingen and over Untermberg . As the name of the Rotenacker Forest surrounding the Burgstall today suggests, the view of Bissingen , Brachheim and Tamm was once not blocked by trees.

Old paths and paths led from the Burgstall not only over a bridge to Remmigheim and Sachsenheim , but also straight to Bissingen, Brachheim (expired settlement with castle near Tamm ) and Grüningen (today Markgröningen ) as well as the Schluesselburg and Unterriexinger Castle .

In February 1342 between Margrave Rudolf IV of Baden and Count Ulrich III. The contract concluded by Württemberg , which regulated the rafting between the Black Forest and Heilbronn , is evidence of a medieval predecessor structure of the rafts canal, which represented a lucrative source of income: At the Remmigheim weir, "driving on the Floßgasse had to be paid for with four Heller ".

Local nobility

From the 11th to the 14th century a local aristocratic family can be proven, which is 1089 “von Remmincheim”, 1160 “von Remichingin”, 1258 “von Remchigen”, 1287 “von Remenkein”, 1291 “von Remichain” and finally “von Remchingen” "wrote and the coat of arms" led two crossed Glevenstäbe "that is occupied with lilies Glefen . The family mentioned in numerous documents was also wealthy outside Remmigheim, was related to the neighboring local nobility of Sachsenheim , von Riexingen , von Wihingen and the Bietigheim heirs of Venningen and served various feudal lords :

  • 1089 appears in the Bempflingen contract "Sigeboto von Remmincheim" - obviously spatially assigned - after the follower Marquard von Grüningen as a witness of Count Werner von Grüningen .
  • In 1160, in a document from Bishop Günther von Speyer for the Maulbronn Monastery, besides "Cunrat de Remichingin", other neighboring feudal people of Count Egino von Vaihingen are listed: for example Heinrich and Wortwin "de Wihingin" ( Enzweihingen ), "Adelbreth de Burfultingin" ( powder things ), "Sigewart de Uraha" ( Aurich ), "Wernher de Russewag" ( Roßwag ) and "Cunrat de Nuzdorf" ( Nussdorf ).
  • In 1259, Berthold "von Remichigen" and his alleged brother "Cunradus advocatus" (Vogt von Vaihingen an der Enz see 1271) sealed a certificate from Werner von Nöttingen and his daughters, presumably as son-in-law and future local lord of Nöttingen or lord of the castle according to his gender renamed Remchingen Castle near Wilferdingen . The seal shows two crossed lily wands with the inscription "SIGILLVM BERTOLDI DE REMICHIGEN".
  • In 1270 Berthold von Remichingen appears in a document from Bishop Heinrich von Speyer as a witness - involved in neighboring nobles: "Albertus de Erllekeim ( Erligheim ), Eigelharduss de Hochenegge ( Hoheneck ), Cunradus de Etherdingen ( Echterdingen ), Herther de Herthenegge ( Harteneck ), Fridericus de Ditzenbach ”( Bad Ditzenbach ).
  • In 1271 the brothers of the deceased "Gertrud de Remechingen", "domino Ber [toldo] seniore, C [unrado] advocato [von Vaihingen] et domino Swa [neggero]", agree to the execution of their testamentary foundation, which their widower Reinhard von Höfingen in Nöttingen in favor of the Herrenalb Monastery.
  • In 1271, in a document from Count Conrad von Vaihingen, the three brothers "Berhdoldus", "Cunradus" (Vogt) and "Swenegerus" are listed as "domini" "de Remichingen"; so not as a ministerial , but as a noble free . Meanwhile Berthold could possibly with his brothers as Ganerben the property of Castle Remchingen in Pfinztal have come and they have named after her sex or origin.
  • In 1287, in Vaihingen, "Heinrich von Remenkein" attests to a document written in German by Count Konrad and Heinrich von Vaihingen, together with numerous other witnesses settled around Vaihingen.
  • In 1291 in Vaihingen a “Conradus de Remichain”, probably the aforementioned Vogt, testifies to a document from the Count of Vaihingen together with “Hermannus de Sahsenhain ”, “Eberhardus de Tamme ” and others.
  • In 1295 Rudolf von Roßwag certified that knight "Svennenger von Remichingen" and his ancestors had had the villages of Mutschelbach and Wiesloch from him for a long time and that he provided his daughter, the wife of Heinrich von Lomersheim , and that his son Konrad together with Sweneger and his son Konrad sold the villages to Herrenalb Abbey and Sweneger made the third part of the village of Wustenglatebach a fiefdom for him in order to obtain his feudal approval (sealed by Margrave Friedrich von Baden).
  • In 1317 the Grüninger Heilig-Geist-Spital sold to Berthold von "Remenkein", citizen of Vaihingen and probably a son of the late Vogts Konrad, Gülten vom Zehnten in Weihingen (Enzweihingen) as well as a vineyard and a field in Vaihingen.
  • In 1341, Hans von Remchingen, through his wife Elisabeth, the daughter of Heinrich Wohlgemuth von Roßwag, who died without a male heir, and his wife Clara von Niefern , some of the properties of this Roßwager branch (including in Mühlhausen an der Enz ).
  • In 1351 Abbess Elisabeth and the choir women of the Oberstenfeld monastery certified that Guta von Roßwag, choir woman there, and her sister Elisabeth von Remchingen, nun of the monastery in Lauffen , their personal property from goods in Merklingen , which the monastery Herrenalb from her brother Berthold von Roßwag, “Formerly Bishop of Perfeteon”, bought it, sold it to Heinrich von Straßburg, monk of the Herrenalb monastery, for £ 20 and, like the Oberstenfeld monastery itself, waived all claims on those goods.
Rubble dump of the wall ring
Coat of arms of the Remming local nobility

The departure of the local noble family in Remmigheim could also be related to the 14th century sales of goods by their economically troubled Vaihingen liege lord to the margraves of Baden . These goods soon came to the Counts of Württemberg via the Counts of Oettingen . From 1356 the relics of the Vaihingen county, including the castle and town of Vaihingen, were almost completely in Württemberg hands. The Remminger goods were currently being transferred to the Lords of Sachsenheim , who probably no longer had any use for the “Remminger Schlössle” located not far from Altsachsenheim Castle .

At the end of the 16th century, both Remmigheim and the castle had already gone, which is documented by a map of the "Greininger Beamptung" from around 1575: In the former Sachsenheim rulership, which was temporarily included in the Grüninger office after the extinction of this family (1561) , are Castle and village no longer shown.

The star-shaped network of paths laid out by the Württemberg residents in Rotenacker was aligned with the Remminger Schlössle.

Additional information

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literature

  • Otto Bickel: Remchingen. History of its districts and the noble family of that name . Edited by the Mayor's Office in Remchingen. Remchingen 1993. 1012 p.
  • Markus Otto: The gentlemen of Wihingen and the relatives of the gentlemen from Remmigheim - lecture on February 22nd, 1991 . In: Südwestdeutsche Blätter für Familien- und Herappenkunde - 20. 1991/93. Pp. 89-91.
  • Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Edited by the Royal Topographical Bureau . Stuttgart 1856. 253 pp.

Remarks

  1. ↑ See figure above, cf. Map section on Wikimedia
  2. ↑ Relics of a ramp at "Tammer Badplatz" and the field name "Brücklesäcker" are evidence of a bridge to the " Werth " and another over the "Altarm" to the place.
  3. ↑ Source: HStA Stgt. A 99 U 3 Landesarchiv BW online
  4. ↑ See Ludwig Friedrich Heyd , History of the former Oberamts-Stadt Markgröningen with special regard to the general history of Württemberg, mostly based on unprinted sources , Stuttgart 1829, p. 31, and Oberamtsbeschreibung Vaihingen, p. 238 Oberamtsbeschreibung Vaihingen .
  5. ↑ Source: Helmut Orth, On the trail of the former Remmigheim , in: Bietigheimer Zeitung of July 16, 1994.
  6. ↑ The crossed glaive rods are first documented for 1258 in a seal by Berthold from "Remichigen". See WUB Volume V., No. 1463, pp. 228-229 - WUB online .
  7. ↑ The search in WUB online yielded 30 hits.
  8. ↑ See Markus Otto, The Lords of Wihingen and the family members of Remmigheim - lecture on February 22nd , 1991 , in: Südwestdeutsche Blätter für Familien- und Wappenkunde 20, 1991/93, pp. 89–91.
  9. ^ The first verifiable feudal lord was Count Werner von Grüningen . This was probably followed by the Counts of Ingersheim and Calw and the Counts of Vaihingen as their successors . Then the noble lords of Roßwag , Counts of Oettingen , Counts of Eberstein and the Margraves of Baden can be found.
  10. ↑ See Stefan Schipperges, Der Bempflinger contract of 1089/90 , Esslingen 1990, p. 113
  11. ↑ Source: HStA Stuttgart (A 502 U 9), text in WUB Volume II., No. 374, pp. 132-134 WUB online .
  12. ^ WUB Volume V., No. 1513, pp. 281-282 WUB online
  13. ↑ WUB Volume VII., No. 2155, pages 96-100 WUB online
  14. ↑ WUB Volume VII, No. 2202, pp. 133-134, WUB online
  15. ↑ WUB Volume VII, No. 2187, p. 124 - WUB online
  16. ↑ WUB Volume IX., No. 3657, Pages 149-150 - WUB online
  17. ↑ WUB Volume IX., No. 4143, pp. 474-475 - WUB online
  18. ↑ WUB Volume X., No. 4609, Pages 302–303 - WUB online
  19. ↑ Source: HStA Stgt. A 602 No. 8887 = WR 8887 - Landesarchiv BW online
  20. ^ Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Published by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856. pp. 197 and p. 226 Wikisource .
  21. ↑ HStA Stuttgart A 489 U 491 LABW online .
  22. ↑ In 1463 the brothers Hans and Conrad von Sachsenheim confer "on Hänßlin Buß von Bissingen a farm in Remmigheim as inheritance". Source: HStA Stgt. H 101/21, Volume 1, 3 (Sheet 242v / 326v) Landesarchiv BW online
  23. ↑ Heinrich Schweickher's map only shows locations within the official area. Source: HStA Stgt. N1 1983/182 No. 70, Bl. 13; see map of the Grüningen office, fol. 11 (1575).

Web links

Commons : Remchingen (noble family)  - Collection of images
Commons : Remmigheim  - Collection of Images