Altsachsenheim

Altsachsenheim
Altsachsenheim castle ruins (June 2010)
Alternative name (s):	Eyßern Burg (Outer Castle)
Creation time :	13th Century
Castle type :	Hilltop castle
Conservation status:	ruin
Standing position :	Noble Free
Place:	Sachsenheim -Egartenhof
Geographical location	48 ° 56 '51 "  N , 9 ° 5' 4"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 56 '51 "  N , 9 ° 5' 4"  E
Height:	230  m above sea level NN

Location of the castle, Egartenhof and Türmle with the Lower Nuremberg marker boundary

Altsachsenheim is the ruins of a hilltop castle on the district of the city of Sachsenheim in Baden-Württemberg district of Ludwigsburg .

location

The ruin of the castle complex lies on the slope edge of the plateau above the village of Untermberg in the Enz Valley , 230  m above sea level. NN . The south wall of the main castle is only 1 meter behind the boundary between Großsachsenheim and Untermberg, which suggests that Untermberg winemakers were acquired after the castle was abandoned. To the west of the castle, a steep ravine leads down from the Burgweiler Egartenhof in a "blade" to Untermberg. The location above the Enz valley enabled the lords of the castle to levy tariffs on raftsmen and carters.

Untermberg, originally built on Remminger markings, belonged to the city of Großsachsenheim until 1953, but was then incorporated into the municipality of Bissingen an der Enz and came with this as part of the municipality reform in 1975 to today's city of Bietigheim-Bissingen . The Altsachsenheim castle ruins were thus separated from Untermberg and remained with Großsachsenheim, which became part of today's town of Sachsenheim as part of the community reform.

history

The hilltop castle, which is usually called “Äußere Burg” or “Obermberg” in 1787, is said to have been built in the 13th century as the ancestral seat of the Lords of Sachsenheim . Also because Großsachsenheim Castle was built in place of a previous castle from the 11th century that had been excavated, the State Monuments Office believes it is likely that the Outer Castle, located on the border of the Marks, was not their ancestral home, but was built by the lords of Remmingen , who were related to them has been. The Herrenhof in Remmingen and the Remminger Schlössle in Rotenacker also go back to this family . The castle stables above the former Remmingen can still be seen. The manor in the abandoned Remmingen or Remmigheim is said to have been the actual ancestral home of the Sachsenheimers as a branch of the Remmingen family. It is possible that a line of the lords of Remmingen was renamed to Sachsenheim when they came into possession of this rule.

During the feud between the Sachsenheimers and the Württembergians in the context of the Schlegler War , the troops of Count Eberhard III. many Sachsenheim estates destroyed by Württemberg . The State Monuments Office found evidence that "Altsachsenheim" was also affected.

Around 1430 the castle went to the Lords of Nippenburg . After the Lords of Sachsenheim died out, their remaining property fell to the House of Württemberg in 1561 .

investment

The main castle has an almost square floor plan: in north-south direction it measures 30 meters, in east-west direction almost 28 meters. Its fortress- like cubature resembles that of Dürrmenz Castle near Mühlacker . The walls, up to 14 meters high, are around 3 meters thick, but only 2.4 meters on the valley side. In the interior of the castle, according to the State Monuments Office, “one building can be seen along the west side and one building each in the northeast corner and one in the southeast corner, of which nothing else remains visible”. Inside the ruin you can see from the corbels that the former building consisted of three floors. During the investigation in the course of safeguarding the existing building, the State Monuments Office differentiated three construction phases in the period from around 1250 to 1350 and one that cannot be more precisely defined from the 14th to the 16th century. It is possible that only the last phase goes back to the Lords of Sachsenheim.

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  View from the east. The north and west walls have no windows

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  View through the gate into the main castle, of which only the outer walls remain

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  Wine press and manor house in the Egartenhof, built from 1571

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  Aerial view of the Altsachsenheim castle ruins in the evening

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  Altsachsenheim castle ruins, eastern corner

Egartenhof

The hamlet of Egartenhof is located 50 meters north of the ruin and emerged from an estate belonging to the castle. According to the inscription, the mansion was built in 1571 by the Württemberg Vogt Johann Rösslin. Next to it is a large wine press that could have been made at the same time.

Towers in a small desert west of Untermberg

Castle outpost?

About a kilometer to the west is the "Türmle", on whose portal the year 1574 suggests that it was probably also built or renovated by Vogt Johann Rösslin. The two-story tower, sometimes referred to as the outpost of the castle, has nothing to do with it, but probably served as an observation, security and signal post in the Württemberg period. Its nickname "Mäuseturm", which appears occasionally, is said to come from " Maut " ( customs ) on the nearby postal route that led from Großsachsenheim over the Remmigheimer bridge and through the Remminger valley to Grüningen . The desolation of the tower, which is still visible today and which apparently other buildings belonged to, has not been clarified.

literature

• Alexander Antonow: Castles of southwest Germany in the 13th and 14th centuries - with special consideration of the shield wall . Konkordia Publishing House, Bühl / Baden 1977, ISBN 3-7826-0040-1 , pp. 111-113.
• Willi Müller: An extraordinary story of the brand: Untermberg alias "Sachsenheim vnderm Berg" alias "Remmickheim vnder dem Berg" . In: Hie good Württemberg. 34, 1983, pp. 17-19.
• Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Issued by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856, pp. 145ff. ( Wikisource )

Remarks

1. ↑ See württ. Urflurkarte from 1832.
2. ^ As a counterpart to Untermberg, see Philipp Röder : Geography and Statistics Wirtembergs. Volume 1, Korn, Laybach in Krain 1787, p. 360. Google digitized .
3. ↑ In the Kieser forest map from 1685 the castle is already noted as a ruin and bears the name "Eyßenburg". "Eyße [r] nburg" comes from "Outer Castle" as a counterpart to "Inner Castle", the moated castle Großsachsenheim .
4. ↑ See documentation of the castle renovation in the database of the Baden-Württemberg State Monuments Office .
5. ↑ In the camp book of 1471 mentioned as "former ancestral farm of the Lords of Sachsenheim ". Source: HStA Stgt. H 101/21, Volume 1, 3 (Sheet 519v / 794v) - Landesarchiv BW online
6. ↑ Such name changes after a new seat were frequent in the Middle Ages.
7. ^ Database of the State Monuments Office Baden-Württemberg
8. ^ Database of the State Monuments Office Baden-Württemberg
9. ↑ See location description at LEO BW .
10. ↑ See württ. Urflurkarte from 1832.

Web links

Commons : Burg Alt-Sachsenheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Sights in Großsachsenheim
• Database of the State Monument Authority of Baden-Württemberg