Mühlhausen on the Enz

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Mühlhausen on the Enz
City of Mühlacker
Coat of arms of Mühlhausen an der Enz before the incorporation
Coordinates: 48 ° 56 ′ 23 "  N , 8 ° 53 ′ 35"  E
Height : 211  (205-340)  m
Area : 6.94 km²
Residents : 971  (December 31, 2013)
Population density : 140 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : February 1, 1972
Postal code : 75417
Area code : 07041
View of Mühlhausen.
View of Mühlhausen.

Mühlhausen an der Enz is a district of Mühlacker in the Enzkreis in Baden-Württemberg . The once imperial wine-growing area was an independent municipality until January 31, 1972.

geography

Mühlhausen is located east of Lomersheim on the eastern flank of a meander spur in the middle Enz . Coming from Lomersheim, this forms three striking loops. East of Mulhouse is the to Vaihingen belonging Roßwag . The lowest point of the district is in the river bed of the Enz on the border with Roßwag at 205  m above sea level. NN . In the north, the terrain rises to 283  m above sea level. NN . The highest point of the marking is south of the Enz at Friedbrunnen at 340  m above sea level. NN on the border to Großglattbach .

The Enz Valley between Mühlacker and Vaihingen is one of the few wine-growing regions in Württemberg with pure, mineral-rich limestone soils . Most of the steep, sun-exposed vineyard terraces are still cultivated. With Roßwag, Mühlhausen has its own wine cooperative , to whose wine press many local winegrowers deliver their grapes. The multiple award-winning cooperative wines are also marketed directly here.

The population of Mühlhausen is now under 1000; in June 2007 there were still 1057 inhabitants.

history

Mühlhausen in the forest warehouse book of Andreas Kieser (1684)
Old town hall and village church

In the Codex Laureshamensis about 892 four farms in Mulnhusen were mentioned; In 1120 a ministerial named Marquard von Mühlhausen appeared. The gentlemen von Roßwag in particular were wealthy here . Through Elisabeth, the daughter of Heinrich Wohlgemuth von Roßwag, who died in 1341, the Roßwager goods came to her husband Hans von Remchingen .

Since the 13th century at the latest, the village has been imperial . However, the Roman-German King Wenceslaus submitted it to the jurisdiction of the Maulbronn Monastery in 1381, which Emperor Friedrich III. 1444 and Count Palatine Ludwig 1479 confirmed. In 1484 a decision was made between the Maulbronn monastery and Mühlhausen about imperial freedom. In 1508 Maulbronn sold the place to the Württemberg hereditary marshal Konrad Thumb von Neuburg . Emperor Maximilian confirmed the sale in a feudal letter, but kept in mind that Mühlhausen, as a free imperial village, had to add 1½ soldiers to the imperial army.

Mühlhausen Castle was built around 1566 . In 1648 Johann von Hohenfeld replaced the Thumb von Neuburg family as village lords. In 1689 it came to the von Stein family through marriage . At the request of Franziska von Hohenheim , Duke Carl Eugen von Württemberg acquired the castle estate including the village in 1785 for 130,000 guilders from Stein's heirs. This brought Mühlhausen to the Württemberg Oberamt Vaihingen and from 1934 to the Vaihingen district . On February 1, 1972, Mühlhausen was incorporated into the city of Mühlacker. In the course of the district reform, Mühlacker was assigned to the Enzkreis on January 1, 1973 .

Population development

year Residents
1870 800
1925 822
1939 812
1945 824
1960 894
1970 965
1980 1,043
1990 1,031
2000 1.106
2010 996
2015 994

church

The previous building, a Romanesque fortified church , was consecrated to St. Albanus in the early Middle Ages . In 1231 it was placed under the Maulbronn Monastery under canon law. In the 14th century it passed into the possession of the Grüninger Heilig-Geist-Spital , which also had the right of patronage . After the Reformation , Duke Christoph von Württemberg transferred the administration of the hospital assets and their income to the city of Grüningen (today Markgröningen ), which therefore had to continue to pay the Mühlhausen pastors. The hospital's patriarchal cross with double crossbeams can still be found on boundary stones and on the door to the sacristy . In 1458 and 1526 conversions in the Gothic style can be traced back to the hospital. In 1912 the church was renovated.

  • Choir net vault with keystone

  • North choir coat of arms

  • Choir coat of arms with block frieze

  • Albanikirche Gottfried Thumb & Rosalie von Stettenberg

  • Albanikirche Western keel arch portal with inscription

school

The school was created during the Reformation at the time of Friedrich Thumb of Neuchâtel. Around 1790 the school in the current Gasthaus zum Löwen had around 100 students. The schoolhouse from 1836 became the teacher's apartment. The current school was built in 1886.

On September 5, 1913, Ernst August Wagner , who was a teacher at this school from 1901 to 1902, killed nine people and seriously injured eleven others in a rampage in Mühlhausen.

politics

Coat of arms Muehlhausen an der Enz.svg

coat of arms

The blazon of the coat of arms of Mühlhausen reads "Shield divided, above in silver a growing red eagle, below in red three silver swan necks".

Incorporation

Mühlhausen was incorporated into Mühlacker in 1972 and thus assigned to the new Enz district.

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Published by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856. pp. 192ff. Wikisource .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Geographical data of the city of Mühlacker ( Memento from April 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Population figures in the city of Mühlacker ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Published by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856. p. 197. Wikisource
  4. ^ Karl Eduard Paulus: Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Published by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856. p. 199. Wikisource .
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 458 .
  6. ^ City of Mühlacker - data / numbers. Retrieved June 6, 2019 .
  7. ↑ 700 years of the Heilig-Geist-Spital Markgröningen . Publisher: City of Markgröningen. Markgröningen 1997.
  8. ^ City portrait of the city of Mühlacker ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ Biographical article on Wagner on Leo-BW.de ( discover regional studies online ) .
  10. ↑ Town coat of arms and town colors ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )

Web links

Commons : Mühlhausen an der Enz  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Mühlhausen an der Enz  - Sources and full texts