Talheim (district of Heilbronn)
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Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ' N , 9 ° 12' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Stuttgart | |
| County : | Heilbronn | |
| Local government association: | "Flein-Talheim" | |
| Height : | 216 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 11.62 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 4962 (December 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 427 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 74388 | |
| Area code : | 07133 | |
| License plate : | HN | |
| Community key : | 08 1 25 094 | |
| LOCODE : | DE TLH | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Rathausplatz 18 74388 Talheim |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Rainer Gräßle (independent) | |
| Location of the community Talheim in the district of Heilbronn | ||
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Talheim is a municipality in the Heilbronn district in Baden-Württemberg . It belongs to the Heilbronn-Franconia region (until May 20, 2003 Franconia region ) and the peripheral zone of the European metropolitan region of Stuttgart .
geography
Geographical location
Talheim is located in the south of the Heilbronn am Neckar district . The district borders in the north on the city of Heilbronn , in the south on Lauffen am Neckar and is crossed by the Schozach , a right tributary of the Neckar. To the northeast of the village is the 285 m high Haigern , which, along with the 304 m high Sonnenberg to the southeast, is the highest elevation in the Talheim area. The lowest point in the Talheimer district is on the Neckar at 116.3 m.
Neighboring communities
Neighboring towns and communities in Talheim are ( clockwise , starting in the northeast): Flein , Untergruppenbach , Ilsfeld , Lauffen am Neckar (all districts of Heilbronn) and Heilbronn ( urban districts ). Together with Flein, Talheim forms the municipal administration association “Flein-Talheim”, based in Flein.
Community structure
Talheim does not include any other districts, but the Haigern , Hohrain and Talheimer Hof farms and the Rauher Stich residential area as places in the geographical sense .
Waters
The Tauchsteinsee south of the village on the right hill next to the Schozach is a groundwater lake in an abandoned quarry that the Talheim fishing association uses as a fishing ground. Since the 1980s, a service of the Evangelical Church has been held annually on Christmas Day on its banks. East of Talheim is in the valley of coming from Untergruppenbach the Schozach tapering in the village Frankel Bach of Frankelbachsee dammed. It is also used for fishing. In the west, the municipality extends to the right bank of the Neckar.
Division of space
According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.
history
Early settlement and first mention
The Talheim district was already settled in the Neolithic Age. Skeleton and ceramic remains indicate a settlement of the band ceramists around 5000–4900 BC. Chr. In 1983 34 skeletons of Neolithic people were found in Gewann Pfädle , all of which showed signs of a fight. This fight has since become known as the Talheim massacre , and the finds have been presented to the public several times in exhibitions.
During preliminary investigations for the construction of a fire station, the remains of a Roman vicus were also found in the Steinäcker district, so that conclusions can be drawn about Roman settlement in the Talheim district in antiquity.
The origin of today's settlement in Talheim dates back to the 6th or 7th century. The place-name ending " -heim " indicates a foundation in the course of the Franconian conquest . Talheim was first mentioned in a document in 1230. Around this time, the trade route leading through Talheim from Heilbronn to Cannstatt was elevated to the status of the Reichsstraße.
Imperial knighthood ownership
The local government was under different Ganerben divided, the parts of the place as Allod - or feudal property possessed. The lords of Talheim are attested to the 17th century, who owned extensive property in Talheim as well as fiefdoms from Würzburg, Hesse, Brandenburg and Württemberg. In addition to the lords of Talheim, the Ganerbe from 1453 also included the lords of Frauenberg from Feuerbach , the Heilbronn patrician family Laemmlin as early as the 15th century and the Teutonic Order from 1499 . The Teutonic Order was able to increase its ownership share to two thirds of the place by 1607, the last third was acquired by the lords of Gemmingen in the 18th century . The tithe rights , combined with the maintenance obligation for the church buildings, originally belonged to the Lords of Talheim, came to Messrs. Echter von Mespelbrunn in 1597 , later to the Lords of Dalberg and in 1803 to the Princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg .
Württemberg rural community
In 1805, Talheim's share of Württemberg, which had previously been held in the Deutschordensballei Franken , came, and in the following year the share of the Lords of Gemmingen. Talheim then came to the Oberamt Heilbronn as an independent municipality . In 1846 the community bought itself free of the tithe rights by means of a redemption agreement. After 1848, as in other places, there was increased emigration in Talheim because of the failed revolution of 1848 and as a result of poor harvests and economic crises. Most of the emigrants from Talheim in 1854 were 43 people. After the founding of the empire in 1871, the economic and political situation consolidated, so that there was also an economic upswing in Talheim. Numerous buildings built in that era, such as the town hall built in 1878/79, the Protestant schoolhouse built in 1880, the Catholic church built in 1886 and the Catholic schoolhouse from 1893, testify to this prosperity. In 1872 the Talheim volunteer fire department was founded.
The town, which had around 1500 inhabitants around 1900, was dominated by agriculture until well into the 20th century, with the focus on potato, fruit and wine growing. The local quarries were also of economic importance and, since the Bottwartal Railway opened in 1900, the factory work for commuters to other places. At the same time as the train station, a post office was opened, which over time developed into a post office. Around 1980, the space required by the post office finally gave the impetus for the construction of the service center at the location of the old wine press in the center of the village.
Around 1910 Talheim was connected to the water and electricity supply. In 1910, there was also a forest fire that killed between 30 and 40 acres of the community forest. While the community was still relatively well off economically before the First World War and could, among other things, afford to build the Talheimer Hof in the community forest, there were bottlenecks after the war due to the general economic development. The construction of a new water pipe with a pumping station required considerable financial expenditure, and around 1920 there was a great housing shortage, which in Talheim led to the confiscation of living space for those looking for apartments. After a brief phase of recovery in the years after the inflation up to 1923 , in which, among other things, the streets in the old town were essentially given their current names in 1926 and the community, with over 20 percent of residents in non-resident employment, now met the criteria for a workers' community, Talheim began to feel the effects of the global economic crisis from around 1930 . Numerous residents became unemployed, the salaries of community employees were cut, and there was widespread poverty.
time of the nationalsocialism
In 1933, as everywhere in Talheim, the National Socialists gradually came to power . The old council was dissolved, a new council met on May 5, 1933 and was reassigned several times to the exclusion and intimidation of dissenters until, in the spring of 1934, only NSDAP members were members. The long-time mayor Hans Helmer had been ill for a long time and was relieved of office on June 27th. He died on July 12th, 1933. By decree of the Württemberg Ministry of the Interior of November 10th, 1933, the administrative intern Willy Gebhard was appointed the new mayor. From late 1936 onwards, the municipal council no longer had any say in decision-making, rather decisions at the municipal level were made in the future through “resolutions” by the mayor. The Talheimer local group of the NSDAP had only a few members and no excessive support from the population, so that one could only bring about the conformity of society with countless reprisals. Last but not least, the majority of the residents had a very good relationship with the approximately 80 Jewish community of Talheim , which was completely wiped out by the National Socialists by 1941/42.
During the Second World War , prisoners of war and forced labor were used in Talheim on various occasions. Some of the prisoners of war performed forced labor in the surrounding gravel works, others were assigned to local farmers as harvest workers. Some Russians were also assigned to the community as permanent workers.
Due to the nearby pseudo-installation in Brazil , Talheim faced the frequent risk of air raids in the early phase of the Second World War. The first heavy attack occurred on the night of October 12th and 13th, 1941, when about 30 high explosive and 300 incendiary bombs fell on the site, but without causing any major damage to buildings. When the mock system had forfeited its purpose, the frequency of enemy overflights decreased. From 1942 onwards, refugees from more endangered areas came to Talheim, including a children's transport from the Ruhr area. When air raids on the surrounding areas increased in 1944, most of the refugees left Talheim again. In their place came from September 1944 refugees from Heilbronn who had become homeless after the air raids on Heilbronn . The greatest destruction occurred in the last days of the war as the front approached, when all bridges in Talheim were blown up in early April 1945 and on April 13 the place was the target of heavy US artillery bombardment. With the occupation by American troops on April 14th and the end of the last fighting in the area in the following days, the Second World War ended for Talheim.
Talheim since the Second World War
The immediate post-war period up to the currency reform in 1948 was characterized in particular by food shortages and the rebuilding of local self-government . As a result, starting with a first settlement program in 1949, several new building areas emerged, including the Mühläcker I area in 1964 and the Hundsberg settlement in 1969. A mineral spring discovered in the 50s near the Frankelbachsee led to the construction of pump systems and a treading pool. The community hoped that it would be given the addition of "bath" and that it would develop into a health resort. However, when E. coli bacteria were discovered in the water in the 1960s, the subject was over.
In 1966 a new school was built, the new local sewer system was installed and the water supply was regulated. Furthermore, a vineyard and land consolidation took place, and an industrial area was redesignated in Rauhen Stich . In 1952 a new school building was built in Gewann Hofwiesen , and in 1966 another school building with a music pavilion in the immediate vicinity. In the course of the redesign of the town center, the Schozach was relocated from 1955 to 1957 to make space for parking lots and streets. It was also channeled to prevent the regular flooding of the town center. In 2007, as part of measures to protect against a flood of the century, the embankment walls were raised again by one meter.
Negotiations about a voluntary incorporation into the city of Heilbronn in the course of the ongoing community reform were ended in 1973 in favor of the establishment of the community administration association "Flein-Talheim" , which enabled Talheim and the neighboring community of Flein to maintain their independence. In 1983 a new service center was opened on the old wine press square, where the town hall is also located. In April 2003 the schoolhouse built in 1952 burned down and was replaced in 2006 by a new building in the same location.
Religions
Talheim has its own Protestant parish and (together with neighboring parishes) a Catholic parish. In 2004, 2076 residents were Protestant and 1523 Catholic. Until 1942 there was an important Jewish community in Talheim , which arose in the 18th century when several families moved from Horkheim . In 1793 a synagogue was built in the inner courtyard of the Upper Palace. In 1849 the Talheim Jewish community became an independent religious community within the Lehrensteinsfeld Rabbinate and in 1857 acquired its own schoolhouse. During the time of National Socialism, community members either emigrated or were deported; the synagogue was destroyed after the Night of the Reichspogrom and demolished after its collapse in 1952. A memorial plaque on the castle has been commemorating this event since 1983.
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Population development
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politics
Municipal council
The Talheim municipal council consists of 14 members. The local elections on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following distribution of seats:
| BIT 1 | 5 seats | + 2 |
| FWV 2 | 5 seats | + 1 |
| CDU | 4 seats | - 1 |
| SPD | 0 seats | - 2nd |
1 BürgerInteressen Talheim eV 2 Free voters Talheim
Another member of the council and its chairman is the mayor.
mayor
In the last mayoral election on November 8, 2009, incumbent and sole candidate Rainer Gräßle achieved an approval rate of 96.6% with a turnout of 40.5%.
| Surname | Period |
|---|---|
| Karl Friedrich Bickart | 1837-1854 |
| Karl David Bayha | 1854-1872 |
| Friedrich Münzing | 1872-1909 |
| Hans Helmer | 1909-1933 |
| Wilhelm Gebhardt | 1933-1944 |
| Carl Wahl | 1945-1946 |
| Robert Ehrenfried | 1946-1977 |
| Hans-Jörg Apprich | 1977-2002 |
| Rainer Graessle | since 2002 |
Finances
Talheim's debts amounted to DM 2,085,134.48 (about 1 million euros) on December 31, 1989 , but these have been gradually reduced over time, so that the municipality has been officially debt-free since March 31, 2011.
badges and flags
The blazon of the Talheim coat of arms reads: In silver, a red clad right forearm bursting out of the left edge of the shield, holding a black pruning knife (hape) in one hand. The flag of the municipality is black and white.
The coat of arms of the hand with the vine knife can be traced on Talheim seals since 1550 ; in a seal of the 17th / 18th centuries Century the coat of arms is also sprinkled with stars and a flower. One or two crossed pruning knives can also be found on landmarks of the 18th century as marks . Around 1903 another coat of arms appears in the seals with two stag poles from Württemberg under a five-arched bridge, which should symbolize the bridge over the Schozach. In 1930 Talheim took up the old coat of arms with a replica of a seal from 1746. After the Second World War, the coat of arms was simplified and the pruning knife was wrongly turned into a sickle, which was corrected again in 1961 at the suggestion of the Baden-Württemberg archives. The colors of the coat of arms go back to a proposal by the archives department in 1927. On March 15, 1963, the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior confirmed the coat of arms and awarded the flag.
Partner municipality
The partner municipality of Talheims has been Soultzmatt in Alsace ( Haut-Rhin ) in France since 1965 .
Culture and sights
Buildings
- The Upper Castle (also Upper Castle ) is essentially from the 12th / 13th centuries. Century from Ganerbeburg, whose property was divided between different Ganerbe. One of the residential buildings of the complex, the Schmidberg'sche Schlösschen, was temporarily inhabited by Talheim Jews who also built a synagogue in the complex, which is why the building was also known as the Jewish Palace .
- The lower castle was built in its current form in the 18th century on the site of an older castle complex, which was first mentioned in 1415, but is dated much older due to preserved Romanesque components.
- The Ehrenberg Castle estate goes back to the property of the former Ehrenberg Castle near the Lower Castle , which was abandoned in the 16th century, was completely demolished when the Lower Castle was rebuilt and was incorporated into its park.
- The evangelical Kilian church is the original church of the place. The oldest components in the tower probably date from the 11th century. After several reconstructions, the structure reached its present size around 1450 and was redesigned many times afterwards. The church contains wall paintings from the Gothic period as well as numerous tombstones of the Lords of Talheim. The church, located on a hill, formed a well-fortified ensemble in the Middle Ages, which, in addition to the cemetery and the still-preserved tithe house (built in 1605–1607), also included a mansion and the town tower.
Lower castle on Sontheimer Strasse
Tenth house
Fountain panel
- The old Protestant rectory goes back to the Lämlinhaus , built in 1571 at the latest , which the Teutonic Order acquired from a Laemmlin in 1606 and converted into an office building. After 1806 it was empty at first, from 1811 it was a Protestant rectory. Except for a few parts, the building was demolished and rebuilt in 1883. The Protestant school house was built in 1880 by the Protestant church and is now a residential building.
- The Catholic pilgrimage church of Our Lady was built in 1886/87 on the site of the former Lyher Castle, in the upper floor of which Catholic services had been held since 1659. The church has an altar with a 14th century statue of the Madonna. The Catholic rectory opposite is a late Classicist building from 1863. The ensemble is complemented by the Catholic schoolhouse built in 1893 (today the parish hall).
- The center of Talheim has other historical buildings, including several half-timbered buildings. The old town hall from 1878 was demolished in 2001 in favor of a parking lot because renovation was no longer practicable.
- The town hall is located in the service center, which was inaugurated in 1983, in the center of the town on the site of the old wine press. In the east facade of the town hall there is a relief by Götz von Berlichingen , which was made by Karl Kerzinger for the Talheimer community hall built in 1940. When the community hall was demolished in 1975, the relief was dismantled and later built into the outer wall when the town hall was built. The seasons fountain on Rathausplatz was designed by Ursula Stock in 1991 .
- In the community cemetery there is a wayside shrine from the early 16th century that was once set up at Rauhen Stich , as well as the war memorial that was previously located in the center of the village . A historical plaque from 1682 has been preserved in Brunnengasse, which reminds of a child who drowned in the fountain.
Evang. Rectory
Catholic rectory
Catholic Church
Regular events
- Gassenfescht , a three-day festival in the streets of Talheim every two years in the summer months organized by the Talheim associations
- Schlossberglauf , 10 km run through Talheim as part of the street festival
- Carnival parade at Mardi Gras, organized by the Talheim Carnival Association (TCV)
- Heilbronn Open , see the Sport section
- Haigern live , music festival on the Haigern
Economy and Infrastructure
In addition to various industrial settlements (including the medical technology company Novalung since 2008 ), the community is primarily known for its viticulture .
Viticulture
The wines are mainly marketed by the Flein-Talheim wine growers . The Talheimer layers are major layers Church vineyard or Staufenberg in the range Württembergisch lower land of the vineyard Württemberg . The Württemberg wine queens 1975/76 (Jutta Rothas) and 2004/05 (Andrea Schoch) came from Talheim, which is one of the few places that has twice been able to provide the Württemberg wine queen.
media
The daily newspaper Heilbronner Voice reports on the events in Talheim in its SO, Süd-Ost issue. In addition, the Talheim newsletter is published every week as the municipality's official gazette .
Public facilities
In the southeast of the Talheim district is the state domain Hohrainhof , a branch of the Heilbronn penal institution for open execution .
education
There is a primary school in Talheim; the secondary school, which existed until 2009, was abolished for the 2009/10 school year due to a lack of students - apart from a few temporarily remaining high school students. The Volkshochschule Unterland has a branch in Talheim. The Talheim community library has a stock of around 11,500 media and almost 800 regular readers (as of 2017) .
traffic
See also: List of streets in Talheim
The road 27 runs west of the town center on Talheimer area and contacts the industrial area Rough stitch . The federal highway 81 can be reached via junctions in the neighboring communities of Ilsfeld and Untergruppenbach, the federal highway 6 via the B 27 and Neckartalstrasse.
The construction of the federal motorway 83 was planned but rejected . In the 1970s it was supposed to take up long-distance traffic on the parallel B 27 and lead from Lauffen am Neckar to Blumberg . In connection with the extension of the BAB 45 to Kirchheim unter Teck , which was also planned at the time, this would have made the Lauffen motorway triangle between Talheim and Lauffen necessary.
The next train station on the Heilbronn – Stuttgart route is in Lauffen am Neckar. In 1900 the Bottwartalbahn , the narrow-gauge railway from Marbach am Neckar to Heilbronn-Süd , reached Talheim. The Royal Württemberg State Railways built the station building as a standard type IIa station. The operation was stopped in 1966 in passenger traffic and in late 1968 in freight traffic. A three- rail track ran from Heilbronn to Talheim, via which the German Federal Railroad served the place in freight traffic until 1976. After dismantling the tracks, the Alb-Neckar cycle path ( Eberbach - Ulm ) now runs along large parts of the route .
Sports
There has been a golf course at the Talheimer Aussiedlerhof Talheimer Hof since 2013.
TSV Talheim
The central sports club in Talheim with numerous departments, including chess , taekwondo , table tennis and volleyball, is the Turn- und Sportverein Talheim 1895 e. V.
Heilbronn Open
From 1984 to 2014, the Heilbronn Open , a professional tournament of the ATP Challenger Tour of men's tennis, took place every year in the Talheim tennis center in the Rauher Stich industrial area .
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- 1901: Konstantin Frey (* approx. 1830; † February 25, 1909), Catholic pastor in Talheim
- 1963: Hanns Reeger (born February 25, 1883 in Kiel ; † June 7, 1965), painter, lived and worked in Talheim
- 1990: Robert Ehrenfried (born February 9, 1920 in Talheim; † July 18, 2015), Mayor of Talheim 1946–1977
- 2005: Hansjörg Apprich (* December 24, 1944 in Schwäbisch Gmünd ; † December 14, 2016 in Mainz ), Mayor Talheims 1977–2002
Sons and daughters of the church
- Johann Heinrich Orth (1653–1733), Mayor of Heilbronn 1716–1731
- Eugen Klöpfer (1886–1950), actor
- Josef Lang (1920–2007), priest and missionary
- Klaus von Schubert (February 21, 1941 - June 14, 1989), political scientist
Personalities associated with the place
- Julius Krais (1807–1878), Protestant pastor in Talheim from 1833 to 1847
- Theodor Rothschild (1876 / 79–1944), teacher in the Jewish community from 1894 to 1896
- Christian Leichtle (1892–1949), teacher and founder of the Heilbronn adult education center
- Fritz Springer (1906–1981), viticulture technician and local poet
- Uli Eimüllner (* 1949), former soccer player, founder and organizer of the Heilbronn Open
- Ralph Hertwig (* 1963), psychologist and director at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Berlin
- Steffen Hertwig (* 1969), Lord Mayor of Neckarsulm
- Tomislav Marić (* 1973), Croatian football coach and former national player
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Circular hiking trails in and around Talheim , prospectus of the Talheim community, 2009
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^ Source for the section on community structure:
Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: Stuttgart district, Franconian and East Württemberg regional associations. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 . Pp. 80-81 - ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Talheim.
- ↑ Barbara Barth: Site selected for fire station . In: Heilbronn voice . May 11, 2011 ( from Stimme.de [accessed June 10, 2011]).
- ↑ Talheim newsletter, issue 6, February 8, 2013, p. 5 f.
- ↑ For the history of the Jewish community in Talheim, see the website of the initiative “Warning against Right” ( Memento from September 9, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation . Volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 . P. 92
- ↑ a b Talheim: Past in Pictures, 1991, ISBN 3-89264-570-1
- ↑ Preliminary results of the municipal council election 2019 on talheim.de (accessed May 30, 2019)
- ^ Sabine Friedrich: Rainer Gräßle satisfied . In: Heilbronn voice . November 9, 2009 ( from Stimme.de [accessed on January 31, 2010]).
- ↑ Schultheißen and Mayor on talheim.de, accessed on March 8, 2018
- ↑ Talheim newsletter, No. 23, June 10, 2011, p. 4
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^ Sources for the section coat of arms and flag:
Heinz Bardua: The district and community coat of arms in the Stuttgart administrative region . Theiss, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0801-8 (district and municipality coat of arms in Baden-Württemberg, 1). P. 130
Eberhard Gönner: Book of arms of the city and district of Heilbronn with a territorial history of this area . Archive Directorate Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1965 (Publications of the State Archive Administration Baden-Württemberg, 9). P. 133 - ^ Zehnthaus - database building research / restoration. State Office for Monument Preservation Baden-Württemberg
- ↑ Talheim newsletter, No. 8, February 24, 2017, p. 11
- ↑ Official Journal Talheim on talheim.de (accessed on 28 November 2015)
- ↑ Heilbronn correctional facility - branch (s). Heilbronn correctional facility, accessed on July 24, 2012 .
- ^ Off for the first secondary school in the region . In: Heilbronn voice . April 29, 2009 ( from Stimme.de [accessed on May 15, 2018]).
- ↑ VHS Unterland branch offices .
- ↑ Autobahn Atlas
- ↑ Autobahn Atlas
- ^ Rainer Stein: The Württemberg standard station on branch lines . In: Eisenbahn-Journal Württemberg-Report . tape 1 , no. V / 96 . Merker, Fürstenfeldbruck 1996, ISBN 3-922404-96-0 , p. 80-83 .
- ^ Hans-Joachim Knupfer, Josef Högemann: Bottwar and Zabergäubahn. Narrow gauge railways Heilbronn Süd – Marbach and Lauffen – Leonbronn . Kenning, Nordhorn 1992, ISBN 3-927587-07-9 (secondary line documentation, 3).
- ↑ Official homepage
- ↑ Talheim newsletter, No. 9, March 1, 2019, p. 8
literature
- History book of the community Talheim in the district of Heilbronn . Talheim community, Talheim 1995
Web links
Files: Talheim (Heilbronn district) - local collection of images and media files
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