Massenbachhausen

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 11 '  N , 9 ° 3'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Stuttgart
County :	Heilbronn
Height :	213 m above sea level NHN
Area :	8.78 km 2
Residents:	3499 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	399 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	74252
Area code :	07138
License plate :	HN
Community key :	08 1 25 061
Address of the municipal administration:	Heilbronner Strasse 54 74252 Massenbachhausen
Website :	www.massenbachhausen.de
Mayor :	Nico Morast
Location of the community of Massenbachhausen in the Heilbronn district

Massenbachhausen is a municipality in the Heilbronn district in Baden-Württemberg . It belongs to the Heilbronn-Franconia region (until May 20, 2003 Franconia region ) and the peripheral zone of the European metropolitan region of Stuttgart .

geography

Geographical location

Massenbachhausen is located in the west of the Heilbronn district on the Massenbach, a tributary of the Lein , which in turn flows into the Neckar . It belongs to the outskirts of the Stuttgart metropolitan area .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring cities and communities of Massenbachhausen are ( clockwise , starting in the east): Schwaigern (district of Massenbach ), Gemmingen , Kirchardt , Bad Rappenau (all district of Heilbronn) and Heilbronn ( urban district ). With Schwaigern, Massenbachhausen has entered into an agreed administrative community .

Community structure

The district of Leutersteiner Höfe also belongs to Massenbachhausen. In the past, Harzhofen and Lauterstein , which were no longer present, were located in the Massenbachhausen district .

Division of space

According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.

history

Early history to the 18th century

The first settlement of Massenbachhausen probably goes back to the Celts , of which settlement traces from the 4th or 5th century BC. Were found in the brick path . The place was first mentioned in a document in the Lorsch Codex , in which a donation to the Lorsch Abbey in the Schwaigern district in Husen is documented for the year 773 . The Odenheim Knights' Monastery and the Wimpfen Monastery had other early possessions on site . About the donation of a Theodricus ( Dietrich ; † 792) of goods on Schwaigern district, the place was temporarily named Titrichshusen or Dietershausen in the 12th and 13th centuries , later the place was referred to as Hausen bei Massenbach to distinguish it from places of the same name .

In the 14th century the lords of Magenheim and von Neipperg owned Hausen. When the Neipperger inheritance was divided in 1582, the village came to Engelhard von Neipperg, who in 1585 sold it to the Würzburg councilor Dietrich Echter von Mespelbrunn , a brother of Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn . During the Thirty Years' War , the town, like the entire surrounding area, suffered greatly from the passage of troops and the plague, as did during the War of the Palatinate Succession with frequent French invasions from 1688 to 1693.

Through marriages and inheritance, the village came from the Echter family to the Ingelheim family in 1686 and to the Dalberg family in 1720 . In 1737 the Lords of Neipperg bought the place back.

Württemberg rural community from 1806

In 1806 Hausen came to Württemberg as part of the mediatization and there first to the Oberamt Kirchhausen , then in 1811 to the Oberamt Brackenheim . In the 19th century there were three major waves of emigration, the first two of which were caused by the famine caused by poor harvests at the time. In 1817 those willing to emigrate were drawn mainly to Hungary, and from 1852 to 1854 mainly to North America. In the late 19th century, due to the lack of jobs in the predominantly rural town, there was again increased emigration, this time the preferred destinations were Canada and South America. As a result of this last wave of emigration, the population fell from 1030 people in 1875 to 968 people in 1900.

The postal system in Massenbachhausen began in 1897 with the establishment of a telegraph company and a post office.

In 1904, the local council of Hausen requested the Oberamt Brackenheim to change the name of the place to Massenbachhausen , as it was often confused with Hausen an der Zaber in the same Oberamt district. In 1911 the place was connected to the power supply of the Neckarwerke, in 1928 a central water supply was installed. A comprehensive sewer system for the disposal of the wastewater was not built in the place until the late 1950s.

National Socialism and World War II

In the first years of National Socialism , the state conformity had little effect on the village. The local mayor, the pastor and both teachers were democratic. Only after the pastor's death and the mayor and teachers' departure to other places in 1937/38 were Nazi organizations able to gain a full foothold in the town. In 1938, Massenbachhausen was assigned to the Heilbronn district .

The place was spared major air raids during World War II . In August 1939, a battery of headlights was installed in a field in the Massenbachhausen district to deflect enemy aircraft. The first bombing at Massenbachhausen occurred in early May 1940 and was the first ever bombing in the entire Unterland . Later, there were mostly only fighter bomber attacks near Massenbachhausen. Shortly before the end of the war on April 1, 1945, the German troops stationed in the vicinity of Massenbachhausen surprisingly withdrew to the Heuchelberg and Zabergäu , the place was occupied by American troops on April 4, 1945 without a fight.

In 1939 there were 1106 inhabitants, at the end of 1945 there were 1177. The increase in the population up to the end of 1945 is mainly due to the billeting of bombed out refugees from the city ​​of Heilbronn, which was destroyed in the air raid on Heilbronn on December 4, 1944. As a result of the admission of displaced persons, mainly around 150 people from Czechoslovakia and Hungary, the number of inhabitants rose further to around 1,350 in the post-war period.

Local development since 1950

Due to the increase in the population, starting with Nordstraße , several new development areas have been designated since the early 1950s and road construction in the village has been promoted. The areas of Fuchsloch (1960), Kirchhäuser Weg (1969), Wolfsgruben (1972) and Schmähling (1985) are among the important new development areas that surround the town center . Since in the older new development areas, those interested in building often acquired several plots of land speculatively or for later expansion, but only built on one, there was initially a high level of space consumption without many apartments being built on it. It was not until the 1970s that the municipality was able to achieve a more effective use of space in the designated building areas through building commitments and the regulation of terraced houses.

In 1964 the Leutersteiner Höfe residential area was built.

From 1967 to 1971 the land consolidation of the agricultural areas was carried out in the district. At that time, the road to Kirchhausen was built , which today represents the fastest connection between the town and the nearby city of Heilbronn. Previously there had only been connecting roads from Massenbachhausen to Massenbach, Berwangen and Gemmingen.

By 1971, the town's population had grown to over 2,000, and around 800 new apartments had been created since the end of the war. At that time, the center of the village was still very much rural, although the dissolution of a significant part of the cramped courtyards was already becoming apparent. This backward structure as well as bottlenecks and unclear traffic management gave rise to a large-scale redevelopment and redesign of the town center, in the course of which in the 1970s the Volksbank, post office, grocery store and pharmacy were relocated in the center and a new community hall was built on the outskirts.

Simultaneously with the beginning of the redevelopment of the center of the village, an approximately 15 hectare industrial area was designated on the outskirts from 1971. The strong growth of the community and the numerous structural improvement measures made a significant contribution to the fact that the community retained its independence in the course of the community reform in Baden-Württemberg, although there were also efforts to merge with Kirchhausen (came to Heilbronn) or Massenbach (came to Schwaigern ) had given.

In the 1990s there were further major redevelopment measures in the town center, when a new town hall was built next to the community hall and not far from it, a senior citizens' center was built on a larger redevelopment area next to the Catholic Church. In 1993, 3,380 people lived in Massenbachhausen.

Religions

In 1528 the Reformation was introduced in Massenbachhausen by the Lords of Neipperg . The village was initially a branch of Schwaigern for one year, but in 1529 received its own Protestant pastor. After the village came to the Catholic Dietrich Echter von Mespelbrunn in 1585, the re-Catholicization took place under pressure from the Echter family, so that the place is predominantly Catholic to this day. The Neipperger, who bought the place again in 1737, also returned to the Catholic faith. Their family crypt is in the local cemetery. In Massenbachhausen today there is a Catholic parish that is responsible for the Schwaigern district of Massenbach in addition to Massenbachhausen.

The Protestant parishioners of Massenbachhausen, who mostly moved there only after the Second World War, now belong to the parish of Massenbach and Massenbachhausen, which is located in the Schwaigern district of Massenbach and belongs to the Brackenheim parish of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg .

The Jewish community of Massenbachhausen is mentioned for the first time with a Jew who moved here in 1684/85; in the course of the 18th century there are usually six families. A synagogue is first mentioned in 1736. As the community grew in size in the early 19th century, the community built the new synagogue in Massenbachhausen and in 1832 it became the seat of a religious community , which was moved to Massenbach in the 1860s after the strong decline in membership as a result of emigration and emigration . The synagogue was sold in 1872. Around 1850 there were around 50 Jews living in Massenbachhausen, in 1869 there were 19 Jews in the village, in 1910 there were seven and in 1926 the last Jewish inhabitant died.

politics

Town hall in Massenbachhausen

mayor

With the mayoral election on October 31, 2010, Nico Morast was elected in the first ballot to succeed Christoph Schulz, who held the office until January 31, 2011. Morast took office on February 1, 2011.

Municipal council

In Massenbachhausen, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection of a part of town. The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following final result. The turnout was 62.9% (2014: 57.8%).

Political party	be right	Seats
FWV	43.9%	6th
CDU	26.5%	4th
SPD	13.7%	2
MBL	15.8%	2

Community councils since 1898

• 1898–1920: Maximilian Stroebele, Schultheiß
• 1921: Seufert, administrator of the mayor's office
• 1921–1938: Weber, Schultheiß, from 1930 mayor
• Billmann (from Fürfeld, successor to Weber, who moved to Schwäbisch Gmünd)
• 1941–1946: Robert Goldfuß, Mayor
• 1946–1948: Alfred Heller, Mayor
• 1948–1957: Otto Kölle, Mayor
• 1957: Robert Goldfuß, deputy mayor
• 1957–1966: Pius Leykauf, mayor

Massenbachhausen's coat of arms

• 1966–1967: Paul Gantner, Deputy Mayor
• 1967–1995: Erich Schott, Mayor
• 1995–2011: Christoph Schulz, Mayor
• since 2011: Nico Morast, Mayor

badges and flags

The blazon of the Massenbachhausen coat of arms reads: In red over three (2: 1) silver rings a golden house. The flag of the municipality is yellow and red.

A house as a talking coat of arms of Massenbachhausen has been documented in the literature since 1844, in the community stamps since 1903. In 1938 the coat of arms was described by the archives as In blue on a green three mountain a natural colored house with a red roof . In order to be able to distinguish it from the many similar coats of arms with houses, in 1959 the municipality also included the rings from the coat of arms of the Counts of Neipperg in their coat of arms, which indicate the earlier local rule of this noble family. The coat of arms and flag were awarded to the community on August 18, 1959 by the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior.

Culture and sights

St. Kilian

Buildings

• The Catholic Church of St. Kilian was built in 1905/06 on the site of a previous building according to plans by Ulrich Pohlhammer . Among her treasures is next to the equipment from the time of its establishment, a rococo - Altar of the 1741st
• The local elementary school “Lindenhofschule” is located in the old town hall and school building . The building was erected in 1902 and expanded along Mezenäckerstraße in 1952. In 1997 a third wing was added to the building.
• The Massenbachhausen synagogue was built in 1826, but closed in 1865 and converted into a residential building with a stable in 1872. The building is the birthplace of the Franciscan and sculptor Firminus Wickenhäuser (1876–1939) and is therefore also known as the Wickenhäuserhaus or Firminushaus . The building is currently being renovated and will serve as a local museum in the future.
• The family tomb of the Counts von Neipperg is located in the cemetery of Massenbachhausen, and there is also the monumental tomb created by Wickenhäuser for his parents from 1906. In and around Massenbachhausen there are also over 20 historical wayside shrines and wayside crosses.
• The former cigar factory was once the largest employer in the area. The building later served as a shoe factory, kindergarten, youth center and accommodation for asylum seekers.
• The town hall was built in 1992/93 near the community hall. The village fountain on Fürfelder Straße was built in 1985 on a rain overflow basin.

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  school

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  Former synagogue

Economy and Infrastructure

Massenbachhausen is a wine-growing place whose vineyards belong to the Heuchelberg area in the Württemberg lowlands of the Württemberg wine-growing region .

traffic

The A 6 (junction Bad Rappenau ) runs a few kilometers north of Massenbachhausen. The next train stations are on the Kraichgaubahn in Gemmingen, Schwaigern and Leingarten.

Established businesses

Before the Second World War, the place was predominantly agricultural. In 1939 there were 166 farms with a farm size of over 50 ares and 74 businesses. The largest employer at that time was the cigar factory, which existed until 1959. Due to the designation of several business parks since the early 1970s, numerous businesses have settled in the area. In 1999 there were over 200 local businesses. The larger companies include a knitwear factory, a toolmaking company, a plastics technology company and a bus company.

media

The Heilbronner Voice is the only daily newspaper to report on the events in Massenbachhausen in its issue W, Landkreis West.

education

The Lindenhofschule elementary school exists in Massenbachhausen . In addition to the municipal kindergarten, there is also a Catholic kindergarten. The Volkshochschule Unterland has a branch in Massenbachhausen.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

• Firminus Wickenhäuser (1876–1939), sculptor and Franciscan , beatified in 1998
• Josef Baumgärtner (1912–1997), long-time Catholic parish priest in Heilbronn, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit
• Anton Rossi (1922–1995), master painter, district council member, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit
• Werner Baumhauer (* 1930), politician ( CDU ), Member of the State Parliament ( Baden-Württemberg ), State Secretary in Baden-Württemberg

literature

• Gabi and Rolf Muth (arrangement): Massenbachhausen. Home register of the community of Massenbachhausen. Massenbachhausen community, Massenbachhausen 1999

Web links

Commons : Massenbachhausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Massenbachhausen  - travel guide

Wikisource: Hausen bei Massenbach  - in the description of the Oberamt Brackenheim from 1873

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ^ Source for the section on community structure: Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: Stuttgart district, Franconian and East Württemberg regional associations. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 . Pp. 141–142 and addendum in Vol. VIII, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-17-008113-6 , p. 662
3. ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Massenbachhausen.
4. ↑ Communications from the Württ. And Bad. State Statistical Office No. 1: Results of the population census on December 31, 1945 in Northern Württemberg
5. ↑ https://www.leo-bw.de/web/guest/detail-gis/-/Detail/details/ORT/labw_ortslexikon/2076/Leutersteiner+Höfe+-+Wohnplatz
6. ↑ Preliminary results of the 2019 municipal council elections at the State Statistical Office
7. ^ Sources for the section coat of arms and flag:
   Heinz Bardua: The district and community coat of arms in the Stuttgart administrative region . Theiss, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0801-8 (district and municipality coat of arms in Baden-Württemberg, 1). P. 97
   Eberhard Gönner: Book of arms of the city and district of Heilbronn with a territorial history of this area . Archive Directorate Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1965 (Publications of the State Archive Administration Baden-Württemberg, 9). P. 112
8. ↑ VHS Unterland branch offices .