Möckmühl
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 49 ° 19 ' N , 9 ° 22' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Stuttgart | |
| County : | Heilbronn | |
| Height : | 179 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 49.6 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 8078 (December 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 163 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 74219 | |
| Area code : | 06298 | |
| License plate : | HN | |
| Community key : | 08 1 25 063 | |
| LOCODE : | DE MML | |
| City structure: | 5 districts | |
City administration address : |
Hauptstrasse 23 74219 Möckmühl |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Ulrich Stammer (independent) | |
| Location of the city of Möckmühl in the Heilbronn district | ||
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Möckmühl is a town in the Heilbronn district in the Franconian north-east of Baden-Württemberg . It belongs to the Heilbronn-Franken region .
geography
Möckmühl is located north of Heilbronn at the confluence of the Seckach and Jagst rivers at an altitude of 169 to 350 meters.
Neighboring communities
Neighboring towns and municipalities in Möckmühl are ( clockwise , starting in the northwest): Billigheim ( Neckar-Odenwald district ), Roigheim , Adelsheim (Neckar-Odenwald district), Widdern , Hardthausen am Kocher and Neudenau . Except for Billigheim and Adelsheim, all of them belong to the Heilbronn district. Möckmühl has entered into an agreed administrative partnership with Jagsthausen , Roigheim and Widdern .
City structure
The city consists of the core city Möckmühl and the districts of Bittelbronn , Korb , Ruchsen and Züttlingen . To Moeckmuehl itself which includes the hamlet Siegelbach , the Hof fire Hölzle and residential places Schwärzerhof and Sülzhof to basket hamlets Dippach and Hagenbach to Züttlingen the hamlet Ernstein , the courtyards hawk courtyards , Maisenhälden and Seehof and residential places Assumstadt and Castle Domeneck . Places that have passed and no longer exist today are on the Möckmühl Alte Bürg , Guckemer Hof and Wargesau markings, and Ammerlanden on the Züttlingen markings, Gießübel, Habichtshof and Erenstein Castle .
Division of space
According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.
history
Early history
According to archaeological finds, the Möckmühl mark was already settled in the Neolithic period. Even Celts and Romans settled in Möckmühl. From 750 to 779 Möckmühl is mentioned as Meitamulin , Meitamulen and Mechitamulin for the first time in documents from the Fulda Monastery , which at that time had large holdings there. The place name means mill of the Mechita and is derived from a legendary Franconian princess of this name. The districts that are incorporated today are also very old. Ruchsen was first mentioned in 768 as Rochesheim , Züttlingen in the 8th century as Zutilingen , Korb around 1100 as Corbe and Bittelbronn in 1161 as Bittelbrunnen .
In the 12th and 13th centuries, the Lords of Möckmühl, a local nobility, who probably had their seat on the Alte Bürg northwest of today's town center. The old town at the confluence of the Seckach and Hannackerklinge also belonged to the old town . While the local nobility can only be traced elsewhere around 1300 and its castle was probably already abandoned by then, the Lords of Dürn received the place as a Würzburg fief in the 13th century . The castle of Möckmühl, which is still preserved today, and the walled settlement on the castle hill probably go back to the Dürner . Around 1250 the place received city rights by Konrad von Dürn . In 1287 Möckmühl came to the Hohenlohe family through the marriage of Poppo von Dürn and Agnes von Hohenlohe . In 1379 a canon monastery with an associated school and church was founded near the castle. In 1445 Möckmühl came to the Electoral Palatinate through purchase .
The castle was re-fortified around 1470, and around this time the walling of the valley settlement, which today forms the town center, was largely preserved. 1504 came the castle and town after six-day siege by the 17-year-old Duke Ulrich of Württemberg in Württemberg . In 1519, the Württemberg bailiff, Götz von Berlichingen, defended the city against the Swabian Federation , was captured and placed under arrest in Heilbronn for 3½ years. In 1521, Emperor Karl V. sold Möckmühl to the Bishop of Würzburg, from whom Duke Ulrich von Württemberg was able to buy it back in 1542. In 1525 the city of Möckmühl was fined 400 guilders in connection with the Peasants' War . In the course of the Reformation in Württemberg, the monastery in Möckmühl was abolished in 1558.
During the Thirty Years' War 80% of the population died of the plague in 1627 and 1635 and the consequences of the war. The collegiate church on the Schlossberg was destroyed by French troops in the final phase of the war. From 1649 to 1742 the town and office of Möckmühl belonged to the Württemberg branch line Württemberg-Neuenstadt . Since 1665 witch trials took place in Möckmühl, which ended with the cremation of a woman accused of witchcraft in 1667.
19th and 20th centuries
Louise Franck, the sister of the poet Friedrich Schiller , lived in Möckmühl from 1805 to 1836 . After the founding of the Kingdom of Württemberg , a new administrative structure was consolidated . So in 1808 the Oberamt Möckmühl was dissolved. Until then, the old Württemberg town of Möckmühl was the seat of a central court which, as a high court , could impose the death penalty. Möckmühl was subordinate to the Oberamt Schöntal from 1808 to 1810 and finally came to the Oberamt Neckarsulm in 1810 .
The hydropower of the Seckach was used to drive several mills , later and until now also turbines . The town mill , which was already occupied in the 15th century and was demolished in 1964, was located in the northwest of the town . Just a few meters outside the city walls, which was Lohemühle whose building has been preserved while the Seckach in this area verdolt was. To the northwest of the city there were other mills, including the large Gernersche Mühle , which was in operation until 1928 and the last building of which was demolished in 1995. In their place there has been an electric plant since the 1970s. In 1873, on the site of two other mills on the Seckach, the Möckmühl paper factory was built, which later expanded to include a factory at another former mill location and also used water power to drive a wood grinding shop and, from 1908 to 1993, its own electrical works. The paper mill was sold to Texon in 1965 , the operation was modernized and switched to a different range of products. At the site of the fulling mill, which was destroyed by floods in 1732, the Agria works later settled .
Between 1867 and 1869, the Württemberg State Railways built the railway line from Jagstfeld to Osterburken under the direction of senior building officer Georg von Morlok , so that Möckmühl was connected to rail traffic between Württemberg and the neighboring state of Baden at an early stage .
In 1938, as part of the Württemberg regional reform during the Nazi era , Möckmühl came to the Heilbronn district .
In 1945, in the final phase of the Second World War , the city was saved from major destruction, as the Möckmühler citizens managed to get the German defense troops to withdraw. It was also possible to prevent the Jagst Bridge from being blown up until shortly before the American troops marched in, which may have saved the city from major damage. In 1939 there were 1590 inhabitants, at the end of 1945 there were 2134.
Since Möckmühl had become part of the American zone of occupation , the city had belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden since 1945 , which was merged into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.
From 1971 to 1975 four surrounding towns were incorporated. In 1974 the A 81 from Weinsberg to Würzburg with a junction in Möckmühl was opened to traffic. A comprehensive renovation of the historic town center took place from 1975 to 1992. From 1987 to 1996 the population grew from 6000 to over 8000 inhabitants, which is mainly due to the influx of ethnic repatriates from the former Soviet Union.
Religions
Duke Ulrich introduced the Reformation in Möckmühl in 1542 , and the town and office of Möckmühl became Protestant.
In addition to Protestant parishes in Möckmühl and its districts and an Evangelical regional church community, there is also a Catholic parish. In addition, the Evangelical Free Church Congregation ( Baptists ), the Mennonites , the New Apostolic Church , the Seventh-day Adventists and Jehovah's Witnesses are represented in Möckmühl .
Incorporations
On January 1, 1971, Korb was incorporated and moved from the Buchen district to the Heilbronn district. On March 1, 1972, the incorporations of Bittelbronn , which belonged to Möckmühl until 1836, and of Ruchsen , which also left the district of Buchen, followed. Züttlingen was incorporated as the last place on January 1, 1975 .
politics
Local council and local councils
In Möckmühl, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection process . The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . After the local elections on May 25, 2014, Möckmühls municipal council has 22 seats (previously 26). The result was as follows. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
- Free voter association Möckmühl 36.2% (+ 2.5) - 8 seats (- 1)
- Bourgeois list / CDU 26.1 (- 0.6) - 6 seats (- 1)
- GREEN 18.4% (- 1.6) - 4 seats (- 1)
- SPD 19.3 (- 0.3) - 4 seats (- 1)
There is also a local council in each of the four villages of Bittelbronn, Korb, Ruchsen and Züttlingen. At his suggestion, the council elects a volunteer for each village mayor . These bodies are to be heard on important matters affecting the locality.
mayor
In July 2016 Ulrich Stammer was re-elected for a third term.
badges and flags
The blazon of the Möckmühler coat of arms reads: Split over a green Dreiberg, in front a left-facing, black feathered golden eagle's catch in blue, behind in silver a four-spoke black mill wheel. The city colors are blue and white.
In the Möckmühler seals , the uninterpreted eagle catch is first recorded in 1499 and then until 1630. In the second half of the 16th century, the mill wheel appears for the first time in heraldic drawings in connection with the eagle catch as a talking heraldic figure ; since 1613 also on the Möckmühler boundary stones . From 1639 to 1643 the use of a seal with the Mühlrad symbol is proven; In 1645 both heraldic figures were then united in one seal. Essentially, the coat of arms with the colors from the 16th century has remained unchanged since then.
Town twinning
Since 2001 there has been a partnership with the northern Italian city of Cherasco in Piedmont , and since 2004 with the Hungarian city of Piliscsaba .
Culture and sights
Buildings
The Burg Möckmühl was probably created in the 13th century. There was Götz von Berlichingen his official residence from 1517 to 1519. The castle with the 28-meter-high keep was given its current appearance through reconstruction in 1902. It is privately owned and cannot be visited. From the castle hill you can see the idyllic old town. The abbey with the abbey church, which was destroyed in the 17th century, was once located near the castle. The Stiftspropstei with Propsteiturm is still preserved by the castle. The old pharmacy, which was licensed from 1758 to 1927, and a barn from 1813, which was built on the foundations of the destroyed collegiate church, are also located on the former monastery grounds. Below the Propstei is the former fruit box of the Propstei , which has now been converted into a residential building . The former Oberamt is also located on the castle hill. Remains of an older castle can be found on a hill outside the village.
The historic town of Möckmühl, who as the entire system is since 1983 listed building, is still a largely preserved ancient city wall from the 15th century battlements surrounded by arched frieze running and several towers. The round Schinnersturm , the square towers Badturm and Pfarrersturm as well as the round Hexenturm with its octagonal half-timbered structure and dungeon have been completely preserved or rebuilt, whereas the mill tower and Batzentürmle are only preserved as ruins. The city gates were all torn down except for the Ruchsener Tor .
Witch tower
Town hall from 1589
Wappenstein at the town hall
Old pharmacy from 1758
Ruchsener Tor
The Evangelical City Church of Möckmühl has been rebuilt several times in the course of history and was most recently rebuilt by Heinrich Dolmetsch by 1900 after a fire in 1898 . Only the lower tower floors and parts of the choir can be traced back to a previous building from 1513. The church in Möckmühl was first mentioned in 815 and was originally consecrated to St. Boniface. The town's old cemetery was located around the church until the 16th century. A few years after the new cemetery was laid out outside the city, the cemetery chapel was built there around 1580 and contains numerous grave monuments from the 16th and 17th centuries. The Catholic Church of St. Kilian was consecrated in 1970.
The historical buildings in Möckmühl also include the town hall from 1589 (renovated in 1895 and 1992), the old rectory from 1750, the diaconate building from 1627, the old wine press (now a kindergarten), a dyer's house from 1783, Haus Elsässer from 1610, an as Museum used town house from the 17th century as well as the so-called master house (apartment of the executioner) from the 16th century.
Old diaconate from 1627
Old rectory from 1750
Dyer's house from 1783
Bath tower
Cemetery chapel
theatre
The Jagsttalbühne Möckmühl has been playing open-air theater on the square in front of the Ruchsener Tor every June and July since 1991. The Knurps Puppet Theater, which is known in the region, has also been located in Möckmühl since 2004.
Museums
The Möckmühler Heimatmuseum has been housed in a half-timbered house from the 17th century since 1988. The permanent exhibition includes the areas of geology (fossils, especially from shell limestone) and early history (excavation finds from Möckmühl and the surrounding area, including a bronze sword from the Urnfield period and finds from the Roman period). The museum is looked after by the local history working group Möckmühl.
Economy and Infrastructure
Viticulture
Moeckmuehl is a wine-growing whose layers to Großlage Kochersberg in the range Kocher-Jagst Tauber of Weinbaugebietes Württemberg belong. The individual layers are called Hofberg and Ammerlanden.
traffic
Möckmühl has a junction on the federal highway 81 ( Würzburg - Gottmadingen ).
The city is connected to the national rail network by the Frankenbahn ( Stuttgart - Würzburg ). Every two hours there are direct regional express connections to Stuttgart or Würzburg and an approximate two-hour cycle in the direction of Bad Friedrichshall and in the direction of Osterburken with regional trains , which also stop at the train station in the Züttlingen district.
Until 1988, Möckmühler Bahnhof was the starting point of the Jagst Valley Railway , which ran as a 750 mm narrow-gauge railway along the Jagst - with a stop in the Ruchsen district - to Dörzbach and on which there was a steam museum operation from 1971 . At the instigation of the city, the monument protection was lifted in 1997 and the line between Möckmühl and Widdern was dismantled after operations were discontinued in 1988 due to the poor condition of the track superstructure.
Established businesses
The Kaufland Group's logistics center, which was established in 2000, employs over 1000 people. Other companies are Volksbank Möckmühl , Agria-Werke GmbH and Dobler-MBM GmbH (formerly: MBM Konstruktionen GmbH). Läpple Formenbau GmbH, a subsidiary of Läpple AG , has been based in Züttlingen since 2008 .
Aue-Verlag , based in Möckmühl, produces the cardboard model construction sheets for the former Schreiber-Verlag .
media
The daily newspaper Heilbronner Voice reports on the events in Möckmühl in its issue N, District North. The Möckmühler Nachrichten , the official gazette of the city administration, appears weekly . From us to you , the newsletter of the trade and trade association, brings monthly reports on events, cultural events and the history of the city.
Public facilities
The Möckmühl Hospital, which was inaugurated in 1960 and which has belonged to the SLK Clinics of the City and District of Heilbronn since 2001 , is a basic care facility with 80 beds and 190 employees. However, this was closed at the end of 2018 and will be converted into an outpatient health center by 2020. The Möckmühl ambulance station is also located directly at the hospital . The city also has an indoor swimming pool.
education
There are seven kindergartens and one elementary school in the city . In addition, Möckmühl has different types of schools: In the lower secondary level, the secondary school leaving certificate can be acquired at the Möckmühl secondary school and at the Möckmühl secondary school . In the secondary level II there is the possibility to acquire the Abitur at the Gymnasium Möckmühl .
The Hauptschule , Werkrealschule and Realschule as well as the grammar school are located in a common school center with an attached cafeteria . The district of Züttlingen also has a primary school.
In addition, there is the Möckmühl music school, an educational facility for children, young people and adults, where around 700 citizens are musically active.
The Möckmühl media library offers a stock of over 23,000 media and more than 11,000 digital media (as of: 2013 annual report).
In addition, the Unterland Adult Education Center in Möckmühl has a branch.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Gustav Flaxland (1841–1895), born in Korb, Oberamtmann of Württemberg
- Hermann Ehmann (1844–1905), hydraulic engineer
- Wilhelm Paret (1864–1938), pastor and photographer
- Otto Speidel (1895–1957), politician (NSDAP), Neckarsulm district leader
- Martin Schwab (* 1937), actor
- Susanna Grann (* 1962), former name Christina Günther, writer
- Gerit Kopietz (* 1963), author
Other persons connected with Möckmühl
- Emil Ege (1833–1893), member of the state parliament, was the tenant of the Schwärzerhof
- Paul Brock (1900–1986), East Prussian writer, lived in Möckmühl from 1945 to 1953
- Yannick Mayer (* 1991), racing cyclist, has lived in the hamlet of Ernstein near Züttlingen since he was born and attended high school in Möckmühl
- Ermin Bičakčić (* 1990), soccer player, grew up in Möckmühl and started playing soccer at SpVgg Möckmühl
literature
- State survey office Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Topographical map, sheet 6622, Möckmühl. (Scale 1: 25,000) 5th edition, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-89021-039-2 .
- Erich Strohhäcker: Möckmühl. The image of a city . City administration Möckmühl, Möckmühl 1979.
- Frank Buchali: Lexicon of castles and palaces in the Heilbronn district . F. Buchali, Lehrensteinsfeld 2012, ISBN 3-00-007056-7 .
- Ilse Saur, Marlies Kibler, Adolf Kaiser, Karl H. Kraft: Möckmühl. The old town in pictures from a bygone era . Ed .: Local history working group of the city of Möckmühl. Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 2010, ISBN 3-89570-822-4 .
- Michael Brod: The Jagst Valley Railway Möckmühl – Dörzbach . German Society for Railway History, Karlsruhe 1979.
- Utz von Wagner: The Jagst Valley Railway. On a narrow track from Möckmühl to Dörzbach . EK-Verlag, Freiburg (Breisgau) 2002, ISBN 3-88255-453-3 .
- City administration Möckmühl (ed.): City of Möckmühl - historical city tour . Möckmühl 2018.
- Möckmühl in the description of the Upper Office Neckarsulm from 1881 ( Wikisource )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ Amo: Stammer resigned from the CDU . In: Heilbronner Voice , February 2, 2017
- ↑ Source for the urban structure section: Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: Stuttgart district, Franconian and East Württemberg regional associations. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 , pp. 106-110.
- ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Möckmühl.
- ↑ Heinz Tuffentsammer: mills on the lower Seckach . MK-Verlag, Möckmühl 2000, ISBN 3-9806440-7-3 , pp. 42-75.
- ↑ Communications from the Württ. And Bad. State Statistical Office No. 1: Results of the population census on December 31, 1945 in Northern Württemberg
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 450 f. and 465 .
- ↑ Stimme.de
-
^ Sources for the section coat of arms and flag:
Heinz Bardua: The district and community coat of arms in the Stuttgart administrative region . Theiss, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0801-8 (district and municipality coat of arms in Baden-Württemberg, 1). P. 98
Eberhard Gönner: Book of arms of the city and district of Heilbronn with a territorial history of this area . Archive Directorate Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1965 (Publications of the State Archive Administration Baden-Württemberg, 9). P. 115f. - ↑ Frank Buchali: Encyclopedia of castles in the lowlands . Page 225 ff., Heilbronn 2008, ISBN 3-00-007056-7 .
- ↑ monuments Generic values plan for Möckmühl and Freudenberg . zum.de, March 31, 2008
- ↑ Timeline of the Jagst Valley Railway ( Memento from July 6, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Läpple founds his own mold making GmbH . ATZlive (accessed January 27, 2014)
- ↑ The last patients leave Möckmühl. In: Stimme.de. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
- ^ Website of the Möckmühl secondary and technical school. ( Memento of the original from November 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. wrs-moeckmuehl.de; Retrieved November 9, 2014.
- ^ Website of the Möckmühl secondary school. rs-moeck.de; Retrieved November 9, 2014.
- ^ Website of the Möckmühl grammar school. gymoeck.hn.schule-bw.de; accessed on November 1, 2014.
- ^ Schools in Möckmühl . City of Möckmühl; Retrieved November 9, 2014.
- ^ Website of the Möckmühl music school. musikschule-moeckmuehl.de; Retrieved November 9, 2014.
- ^ Mediathek Möckmühl: Website of the Mediathek Möckmühl. mediathek-moeckmuehl.de; Retrieved November 9, 2014.
- ↑ Annual report 2013 ( Memento of the original dated November 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ; PDF) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. mediathek-moeckmuehl.de; Retrieved November 9, 2014.
- ↑ VHS Unterland branch offices .
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