Gottmadingen
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Coordinates: 47 ° 44 ' N , 8 ° 47' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Freiburg | |
| County : | Constancy | |
| Height : | 437 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 23.58 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 10,656 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 452 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 78244 | |
| Primaries : | 07731, 07734 , 07739 | |
| License plate : | KN | |
| Community key : | 08 3 35 028 | |
| Community structure: | 4 districts | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Johann-Georg-Fahr-Str. 10 78244 Gottmadingen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Michael Klinger | |
| Location of the community of Gottmadingen in the district of Constance | ||
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Gottmadingen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg .
geography
Geographical location
Gottmadingen is located on the western edge of the Hegau , about seven kilometers from Singen .
The river Biber flows through the districts of Bietingen and Randegg and flows into the Upper Rhine below Stein am Rhein .
The border between Germany and Switzerland runs to the west, south and east .
Neighboring communities
The community borders in the north on Hilzingen , in the east on Rielasingen-Worblingen and the Swiss communities Buch and Ramsen in the canton of Schaffhausen , in the south on Gailingen and in the west on Dörflingen and Thayngen , both in the canton of Schaffhausen.
Community structure
The formerly independent communities of Bietingen, Ehaben and Randegg belong to the community of Gottmadingen.
The former communities of Bietingen (1129 inhabitants, as of December 31, 2013), Ehaben (284 inhabitants) and Gottmadingen (7399 inhabitants) each include only the villages of the same name.
The village of Randegg, the hamlet of Murbach, the homestead Kaltenbach and the houses in Im krummen Risi (Petersburg) and Untere Buchwies belong to the former municipality of Randegg (1378 inhabitants).
The Rinhard desert lies in the area of the former municipality of Bietingen .
The abandoned village of Wallishausen is located in the area of the former municipality of Ehaben, whose district was divided between Thayngen , Barzheim (both in the canton of Schaffhausen) and Ehaben.
In the area of the former community of Gottmadingen are the abandoned town of Blindenhausen and the Heilsberg castle ruins .
In the area of the former municipality of Randegg, the abandoned villages Hof in dem Hard and Karpen are located.
See also: Wallburg Altstadt
history
Early history
The first mention of Gotemundingen goes back to a forged document from 965, in which Emperor Otto confirmed its possessions to the Öhningen church. The first lords of Gottmadingen appeared in 1100 as local nobles from the Nellenburg family . In the 13th century there is a connection with the Bodman rule.
The first local lords and owners of the Heilsberg rulership appeared the lords of Randegg, who settled in Hegau in the 12th century and to whom Randegg Castle and the Heilsberg Fortress are ascribed until the Swiss War in 1499 . In connection with the Randeggern, another Gottmadinger castle is brought, the Gebsenstein castle , which, however, lies within the Hilzinger district. Shrouded in legend are the Drei Edelfräulein von Gebsenstein , Gertrud, Gebizo and Katharina, mentioned in 1253, 1276 and 1308 to 1326 , who are said to be of great charity. The women were venerated in the village until the 1960s.
In 1275, Count Mangold von Veringen-Nellenburg , Landgrave in Hegau, sold the Bailiwick of Ehaben to the brothers Heinrich and Martin von Randegg.
A few years after the Swiss War, rule passed to the Lords of Schellenberg , a family originally from Bavaria and later resident in Liechtenstein. Hans II von Schellenberg (1552–1609) stood out as an outstanding representative of this rule, a studied and humanistically educated man, the most educated of the Gottmadingen local lords, who dealt with questions of theology, archeology and history. With his death, the line died out.
The new gentlemen were the Vintler von Plätsch, whose roots can be found in South Tyrol . Chronically in debt anyway, the Vintlers were also hit by bad luck. On April 13, 1611 part of the village burned down, 27 houses went up in flames. The Gottmadinger felt the shortage of money of the Vintler with immense demands. In the local chronicle it says: "The Vintler became in the legend the 'finkler' and the epitome of the evil, greedy and selfish gentleman". In addition, the village suffered badly from the Thirty Years War . In 1632 marauding troops marched through the village, in 1635 Konrad Widerholt , who is considered a plague for the villages around the Hohentwiel, destroyed the castle on the Heilsberg.
After the death of Junkers Vintler, his creditors sold the run-down rule of Heilsberg including Gottmadingen and Ehaben to the Austrian regimental vice-chancellor Johann Michael Sonner, who removed the rule from the Landgraviate of Nellenburg and, as the territorial lord, sat in judgment of life and death. During this time executions also took place, of which the name Galgenbuck in the direction of Katzental testifies. After his death in 1672, the fief of Emperor Leopold I was reissued.
The Lords of Deuring came from Vorarlberg to Gottmadingen and left their insignia on the community's coat of arms with the golden lion on a blue field and three golden balls. The Deurings were raised to barons, Adrian von Deuring made a career and later became chancellor in Innsbruck. At the same time, the Deurings were the last generation to rule as imperial knights and were directly under the emperor.
19th and 20th centuries
With the Peace of Pressburg of December 26, 1805, Gottmadingen came together with the Landgraviate of Nellenburg to the new Kingdom of Württemberg . The Württemberg king did not return the rule as a fiefdom, but instead reduced the Deurings to vassal status. The jurisdiction was now in Swabian. After four years, Gottmadingen became a grand-ducal-Baden with the Napoleonic reorganization. Gottmadingen came to the Radolfzell district office in Baden . Again it was over-indebtedness that triggered the change of local lord. The creditors of the last Deuring sold the rule in 1813 to Johann Andreas von Traitteur (1752-1825) in Bruchsal. The caterer is considered to be a dazzling personality: an academic doctorate, teacher, building commissioner, fortress engineer and saltworks owner , but at the same time also bon vivant, fantastic and father of countless unrealized projects. It is reported that he wanted to flood the city of Mannheim in 1794 to protect it from the French bombardment. The plan did not materialize.
The heirs of the self-proclaimed Count von Traitteur sold the manor in 1829 to Grand Duke Ludwig von Baden , who acquired it to furnish his daughter Luise Countess von Langenstein. When they married Count Karl Israel Douglas in 1848, the properties came to the Douglas family, who still have land in the community today.
The village experienced an economic boom with the construction of the Schaffhausen – Singen railway line from 1863. The rulership developed into an industrial village through the expansion of three family businesses into industrial operations: the Fahr agricultural machinery factory and the Bilger and Graf breweries (all of which no longer exist today). On April 9, 1917, Lenin , coming from Switzerland, began his train journey through the German Empire to Saint Petersburg in Gottmadingen to prepare for the revolution there. This was prepared by Wilhelm von Stumm , the Undersecretary of State in the Foreign Office, who wrote to the German envoy in Bern, Gisbert von Romberg : "An understanding officer leads the transport from Gottmadingen to Saßnitz ."
In the 1970s and 1980s the community experienced a structural change to become a commercial and service location.
Jewish history
In the district of Randegg there was a Jewish community until the “ Third Reich ” . Immigration has been recorded since around 1700. In 1851, the year of the peak, 351 Jews lived in Randegg and made up 42% of the population. From 1776, Michael Levi Neumann, a Jewish personality, emerged who was appointed imperial court factor (purveyor to the court) by Franz II in 1796 and was able to acquire local rule in 1823.
In 1810 a new synagogue was built . In the wake of Kristallnacht in 1938, she was the in Radolfzell stationed SS - Verfügungstruppe destroyed III./"Germania ". For a long time there was only an inconspicuous memorial stone in the green area on Otto-Dix-Straße . On October 21, 1940, 18 Jewish Randegger citizens were deported to the Gurs internment camp in southern France as part of the so-called Wagner-Bürckel campaign . At least 12 of them were later murdered in Auschwitz . Today there is still the Jewish cemetery in Randegg and the former Jewish school, which is now used as a residential building.
The square of the former synagogue in Randegg was redesigned as a memorial and presented to the public in August 2014. The 59 names of the former residents are documented on a rust-colored bar.
Incorporations
On January 1, 1971, the previously independent municipality of Ebringen was incorporated. Bietingen and Randegg were incorporated on July 1, 1974.
Coats of arms of the former municipalities
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Bietingen (in silver a green three-mountain, on it three green ears, single leaf, the higher middle double, covered with crossed black rake and scythe) |
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Ehaben (a sheaf of gold bound in black and gold in red) |
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Randegg with Murbach and Petersburg (in silver a torn red lion head) |
Population development
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Numbers 1852 to 1964 - 2007: as per article version history - 2011: Census, May 9th
religion
Although predominantly Roman Catholic , there is in Gottmadingen, in addition to the Catholic community, a Protestant community and two free churches : a Free Evangelical Community and the Church of the Nazarene , as well as an assembly of Jehovah's Witnesses.
politics
Municipal council
The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
In Gottmadingen, the local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following official final result (with comparative figures from previous elections):
| Parties and constituencies | % 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
% 2009 |
Seats 2009 |
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| FW | Free voters | 54.5 | 12 | 40.8 | 10 | 36.6 | 9 | |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 25.8 | 6th | 40.6 | 10 | 36.1 | 9 | |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 19.7 | 5 | 18.6 | 4th | 27.3 | 7th | |
| total | 100 | 23 | 100 | 24 | 100 | 25th | ||
| voter turnout | 45.3% | 45.3% | 49.2% | |||||
mayor
In the election on October 14, 2012, Michael Klinger was confirmed as mayor with 72.74 percent of the valid votes in office. The turnout was 57 percent.
Administrative community
The municipality is the seat of the agreed administrative community of the municipality of Gottmadingen with the municipalities of Büsingen am Hochrhein and Gailingen am Hochrhein . Gottmadingen is a sub-center with a focus on “working and living”.
coat of arms
Blazon : "Split of silver and blue, in front a red pole, covered with three golden balls, behind a golden lion ."
Partnerships
Gottmadingen maintains partnership relationships with
- Champagnole in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region ( France ), since 1968
- Caselle in Pittari in the Campania region ( Italy ), since 1993
- Randegg in Lower Austria , since 1969
Honorary citizen
- Franz Burkard, clergyman (February 12, 1888 - February 8, 1965)
- Johann Georg Fahr, General Director (born October 16, 1904 - † April 26, 1972)
- Karl Stett, Mayor (* July 21, 1902, † April 22, 1985).
- Hans Jürgen Schuwerk, Mayor (born May 9, 1939 - August 20, 2016), made an honorary citizen in 2004
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Gottmadingen is connected to the national rail network by the Hochrheinbahn ( Basel - Konstanz ). Local passenger transport is served by an S-Bahn stop, while the industrial park and the area of the former Kverneland company have qualified siding for freight transport.
In addition, Gottmadingen is the starting point of the federal highway 81 to Würzburg . The Bietingen-Thayngen customs facility on the Stuttgart – Zurich axis is, alongside the customs facilities in Basel, one of the two most important border crossing points for motorized passenger and goods traffic on the German-Swiss border. In recent times, the discussion about the seamless connection of the A 81 motorway to the Swiss expressway network has flared up again, especially on the Swiss side.
The district of Randegg is served by the Postbus from Switzerland, which regularly connects it with the German village and exclave Büsingen on the Upper Rhine as well as with the Swiss villages Ramsen , Buch and Dörflingen as well as the city of Schaffhausen .
Established businesses
Johann Georg Fahr founded the machine factory Fahr in Gottmadingen in 1870 . The company, which in its heyday at the beginning of the 1960s had around 4,000 workers and employees, plays a formative role in the economic and social history of the place. Among numerous inventions in agricultural machine technology, the development of "gyroscope technology" is the most important. The company, which was family-run until 1961, involved Klöckner-Humboldt- Deutz AG (KHD) in Cologne in 1961 to cope with a broad production program and had to sacrifice the historic tractor production that began in 1938. After the recession of 1966, KHD took over the majority of shares in Fahr in 1968 and in 1977 incorporated the previously independently managed company into its own group as a branch for the production of grassland technology. From 1977 the agricultural machinery division of Deutz AG operated as Deutz-Fahr . In the following years, the company was sold on two more times, with massive job cuts, until the last owner Kverneland closed its doors in 2007. The future of the area is one of the major structural tasks for the community today.
On the former factory site there is now an industrial park, the Gottmadingen industrial park , in which, for example, the BKK Fahr was based and which is now operated by the Dutch Halverton Real Estate Investment Management GmbH . The automotive production facilities at the Alcan site in Singen are located in the industrial park, where aluminum molded parts for the automotive industry are manufactured.
The Bilger brewery was the second major company that gave Gottmadingen the name of an industrial village. The brewery goes back to the founding father, Johann Nepomuk Bilger, who started beer production in the Real restaurant zur Sonne in 1821 . Up until the years 1965 to 1968, the brewery was able to increase its beer output to almost 220,000 hectoliters / year, making it one of the four largest breweries in southern Baden. In its heyday, Lufthansa served cans of bilger beer on board its aircraft. The company was sold to the Donaueschinger Fürstlich Fürstenbergische Brewery in 1968, the company, which had 271 employees at the time, was closed by the new owner in 1976 and the area was sold. Today no descendants of the Bilger family live in Gottmadingen. The brewery site was in a central location in the center of the municipality, was demolished in the 1990s and has given way to residential development. In addition to the "Hotel Sonne" and the former factory owner's villa, the former brewhouse is evidence of the brewery's buildings.
The Randegger Ottilienquelle , still owned by the family today, has been bottling water since 1892.
In the present, the industrial and commercial structure is more diversified. Of the 437 economically active companies, 35 still operate as industrial companies, 67 as handicrafts and 386 as trading and service companies. Together they provide 2,430 jobs subject to social security contributions.
Future opportunities
From the estate of the Fahr company, large development areas designated as industrial areas are available that can be built on on a high floor and that have their own rail connection. Around half of the areas are ready for construction. A project development structure has been established in the area of the industrial park, which offers both pure property sales and the creation of office and production space on an investor basis.
Educational institutions
In addition to the Eichendorff - Realschule and the Eichendorff- Hauptschule, there are also elementary schools in Kernort ( Hebelschule ), in Bietingen and in Randegg. There are also two Roman Catholic , two communal, a Protestant and a Waldorf - kindergarten .
Culture and sights
Museums
- Driving and tractor association: Historical agricultural machinery technology is exhibited on an exhibition area of 1,250 m², for example forage and grain harvesting as well as driving harvesting technology, farm technology, agricultural machinery, tie mowers, combine harvesters, loader wagon technology, tractors, special designs, cast parts, models, objects for demonstration and study , Archive material, historical films, display boards and documentary text and image directories.
Buildings
- Church buildings
- Christ the King's Church (built in 1931 by Johann Luger), classicistic motivated nave with expressionistic stepped bell tower
- Evangelical Luther Church (built in 1936/1937 by Berthold Sack)
- Church of St. Ottilia with the oldest dated church bell in Germany (1209).
- Parish church of St. Gallus in the district of Bietingen with a separate tower
- Public buildings
- New town hall, former restaurant Oberer Sternen (built in 1900, rebuilt in 1988 by Josef Binder) at the train station
- Old town hall, former Gottmadingen castle (15th century) in the town center
- Lever school building (1914, architect Bauer, Konstanz) in the center of the village, with a secessionist entrance portal
- Castles and Palaces
- Heilsberg Castle ruins
- Gottmadingen Castle , today the Old Town Hall (15th century)
- Randegg Castle (from 1567)
- Bietingen Castle (from 1718)
- Kapf Castle , Bietingen prehistoric fortifications
Industrial architecture
Two identity building structures bear witness to the industrial history. On the Kohlberg stands the former brewhouse of the Bilger brewery (built in 1913), which, along with two villas, is the last remaining building of the industrial plant. With slight echoes of castle architecture, it represents the brewery construction that was common from 1880 to the interwar period, both in terms of style and building typology. After the remaining brewery buildings were demolished, the building stood empty for years. It was renovated by 2006.
Over the years, a flat, low hall structure with “sawtooth” shed roofs has emerged in the former factory premises of the Fahr company . Equipped with poor structural substance, however, its continued existence after the end of agricultural machinery production is uncertain today. Also worth mentioning on the factory site is the tractor building built in 1939 with echoes of the monumental architecture of the 1930s .
- Workers' settlements
At the same time as the industrial buildings, a significant number of workers' housing was built. The first workers' houses were built in Lindenstrasse (1907, Fahr company) and on the road to Schaffhausen (1905, Sternenbrauerei) from the turn of the century. There was a great deal of construction activity in the 1930s, in which two streets were used to build housing for workers: the Brodlaube (from 1933 to the early 1950s) with houses for employees of the Fahr company and the so-called WOBAG housing estate in Gewann Rattenäcker (from 1938 ) as a National Socialist-motivated settlement building.
- Villa construction
Other notable buildings related to industrial production are the villas of the entrepreneurial families, which stood out clearly from the rest of the village during the heyday.
Carnival
At 140, the community has a young but very distinctive carnival culture . The barley sack guild, founded in 1874, organizes the beer tapping, its fool's mirror, the barley sack concert, the morning pint and the big parade, four cornerstones of the Gottmadinger Fasnacht, of which the latter two in particular receive regional attention.
The Fasnetmäntig parade has been held since the First World War. When this was banned twice by the Baden government in the 1920s, it was designed as a themed parade from 1927. In the heyday of the Fahr and Bilger companies, it developed into a parade with lavishly equipped cars and groups. Today the move has the feel of a meeting of fools, there are only a few themed wagons.
art
The art exhibition Experimental , which is organized every two years by the Titus Koch Gallery at Randegg Castle and focuses on non-representational art, is known beyond the region . Starting from Anneliese-Bilger-Platz, the place is lined with a series of contemporary sculptures that are being erected by the Association for Cultural and Local History .
Sons and daughters of the church
- Manfred Maus (* 1935), entrepreneur, co-founder of the DIY chain Obi
- Ralf T. Vögele (* 1963), microbiologist
literature
- Wolfgang Kramer (Red.): Gottmadingen - From farming village to industrial history , Gottmadingen / Radolfzell 1997, ISBN 3-921413-67-2
- Gottmadingen community (ed.): 1000 years Gottmadingen. Gottmadingen 1965.
- Karl Schwab: Gottmadingen in the past and present. Gottmadingen 1952.
- Samuel Moos: History of the Jews in the Hegaudorf Randegg. Gottmadingen 1986.
Web links
- Gottmadingen community
- Franz Götz: Randegg. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI: Freiburg administrative region. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 . Pp. 727-730.
- ↑ Sebastian Locher: Regesten on the history of the counts of Veringen. Sigmaringen 1872, p. 3 f.
- ↑ Franz Josef Mone: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine . I, p. 77.
- ↑ Catherine Merridale : Lenin's train. The journey into the revolution. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2017, ISBN 978-3-10-002274-5 , p. 175.
- ↑ Quoted in: Werner Hahlweg (ed.): Lenin's return to Russia 1917. The German files . Brill, Leiden 1957, p. 81.
- ↑ Alemannia Judaica : Text and image material on Jewish life in Randegg up to its extinction in 1938/40
- ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation. Vol. I. Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 42.
- ↑ For texts and photographs, see: Alemannia Judaica
- ↑ Uli Fricker: Because of quiet corners. Jewish Museum in Gailingen completed. In: Südkurier of September 12, 2014.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 497 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 519 .
- ↑ Heimat-Chronik . In: HEGAU - magazine for history, folklore and natural history of the area between the Rhine, Danube and Lake Constance. Issue 2 (18) 1964, page 441
- ↑ 2011 census
- ↑ Statistisches Landesamt BW, final results of the 2019 municipal council elections , accessed on August 7, 2019
- ↑ Gottmadingen industrial park: Equipment / technology now: Gottmadinger Immobilien AG i. L. (in liquidation)
- ^ Entry on Gottmadingen Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen".
- ^ Entry on Randegg Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen".
- ^ Entry on Kapf, Wallburg in the private database "Alle Burgen".
Aach | Allensbach | Bodman-Ludwigshafen | Büsingen am Hochrhein | Eigeltingen | Narrow | Gaienhofen | Gailingen am Hochrhein | Gottmadingen | Hilzingen | Hohenfels | Constance | Moss | Mühlhausen-Ehingen | Mühlingen | Öhningen | Orsingen-Nenzingen | Radolfzell am Bodensee | Reichenau | Rielasingen-Worblingen | Singing (Hohentwiel) | Taillings | Stockach | Tengen | Volkertshausen