Bodman (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Bodman

Bodman (also Bodmann ) is the name of a highly free Swabian noble family . The Lords of Bodman belonged to the primeval nobility in Hegau and Allgäu on Lake Constance . Hohenbodman , the original ancestral seat of the family, is now part of the community of Owingen in the Lake Constance district . Branches of the family still exist today.

history

origin

The family was first mentioned in a document in 1152 with Eberhardus de Bodemen . The family is related to the descendants of the counts von Heiligenberg . The secured trunk line begins in 1217 with Conradus de Bodemin . The Lords of Bodman were Reichsministeriale der Hohenstaufen and the Bishop of Constance . The ancestral seat, Hohenbodman Castle and Hohenbodman rule , later fell to the free imperial city of Überlingen as bailiwick . Of the castle that was destroyed in the Thirty Years War , only the keep still exists today .

The ruins of Alt Bodmann Castle
Espasingen Castle, ancestral seat of the family from the end of the 16th century to 1760

In the 13th century, Altbodman Castle near Bodman came into family ownership . According to a legend, their Vorwerk , the old castle on the Frauenberg , burned down on September 16, 1309 during a family celebration, triggered by a lightning strike . In this tragedy, almost all members of the family and some guests from other noble families died. Only the youngest male member of the Bodmans family, one year old Johannes von Bodman, survived the inferno. He was put in a cauldron by his wet nurse and thrown out the window. The cauldron fell and finally got stuck, braked by trees and bushes. At the point where the cauldron with little Johannes got caught, a memorial stone today commemorates the event. The boiler is exhibited in Bodman Castle.

In 1360 , Emperor Karl IV awarded the noble Hans von Bodman (Knight of the Order of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem ) the failed coat of arms of Mayr von Windeck, the black ibex. As early as 1488, the Lords of Bodman were members of the Knight Society Sankt Jörgenschild in Swabia, part of Hegau and Lake Constance. In the 15th century the family split into the lines Bodman zu Bodman and Bodman zu Möggingen . During the 17th century, the Bodman to Kargegg branch split off from the Bodman to Bodman line . The Bodman zu Möggingen line formed the Bodman zu Güttingen and Bodman zu Wiechs branches at the beginning of the 18th century .

In 1690 the Möggingen line and in 1716 the Bodmann line (as von und zu Bodmann ) were raised to the status of imperial barons, the latter also became part of the Baden count in 1902 ( primogenitur ).

Lines and possessions

The Kaiserpfalz Bodmann in the Stockach district was pledged to Johann von Bodmann by King Rudolf von Habsburg as early as 1277 .

The baronial line from Bodman to Bodman had owned Espasingen , Wahlwies (now part of the city of Stockach ), Bodman , Kargegg and Mooshof (now part of the municipality of Bodman-Ludwigshafen ) since the 15th century . In 1786 Liggeringen (now part of the town of Radolfzell on Lake Constance ) and in 1790 Schlatt could be acquired. Bodman, Espasingen and Wahlwies fell to the Bodman to Kargegg line in the 17th century . Because of the possession of Bodman, members of the line were members of the imperial knighthood in the knight canton of Hegau of the Swabian knight circle.

Bodman Castle , the current seat of the family

The Bodman to Kargegg line was given the dominions of Bodman, Espasingen and Wahlwies after the Bodman to Bodman line was renounced . Because of the possession or partial ownership of these goods, members of the line were members of the imperial knighthood in the knightly canton of Hegau in the 17th century.

The baronial line from Bodman to Möggingen owned the estates Möggingen , Liggeringen , Güttingen (today districts of the city of Radolfzell on Lake Constance ) and Wiechs (today district of the municipality of Steißlingen ). Because of the ownership or partial ownership of these lordships, the members of the branch belonged to the imperial knighthood in the knightly canton of Hegau from 1752. At the beginning of the 18th century it was divided into the lines Bodman zu Güttingen , Bodman zu Möggingen and Bodman zu Wiechs .

Members of the baronial branch of Bodman zu Wiechs (also Wiex ), founded at the beginning of the 18th century by splitting off from the Bodman zu Möggingen line , also belonged to the imperial knighthood of the knightly canton of Hegau from 1752.

With the Rhine Confederation Act in 1806, all possessions fell to the Kingdom of Württemberg and in 1810 to the Grand Duchy of Baden . Today they are administered by the Count of Bodman's rent office. Bodman Castle on Lake Constance is the seat of the family as well as the rent office. The current head of the house is Wilderich Graf von und zu Bodman .

coat of arms

Blazon : The coat of arms is quartered . Fields 1 and 4 show a black, soaring ibex in gold, 2 and 3 in silver three (2: 1) lowered green linden leaves (the original coat of arms ). On the helmet is a tall pointed hat covered with ermine , on top with a golden crown from which a bush of peacock feathers grows. The helmet covers are green and silver on the right and black and gold on the left.

Old images of the coat of arms show three natural sea ​​leaves in the trunk shield instead of the linden leaves . Due to an improvement in the coat of arms , awarded in 1360 by Emperor Charles IV , the black ibex of Mayr von Windeck was added to the family coat of arms.

Historical coats of arms

Municipal coat of arms with the linden leaves from Bodman

Name bearer

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Meister's story of Zurich, page 64
  2. ↑ Codex Sal. I, 253
  3. ↑ Ottmar FH Schönhuth: The saga of the Nünny-Glöckly or the German order vow, Edm. Stoll, 1857, page 115

literature

  • Gustav Adolf Poinsignon : Bodman'sche Regesten. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings
    • 839–1271: 10th year 1880, appendix pp. 1–20 ( digitized version )
    • 1272–1374: 11th year 1882, appendix pp. 21–44 ( digitized version )
    • 1375–1419 and supplements: 12th year 1883, appendix pp. 45–66 ( digitized version )
  • Theodor von Tafel: Oldest history of the baronial family of Bodman. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , 20th year 1891, pp. 44–51 ( digitized version )
  • Johann Leopold Freiherr von und zu Bodman: History of the barons of Bodman . 2 volumes. 1894 ( digitized volume 1 , digitized volume 2 )
  • Otto Hupp : Munich calendar 1915. Munich / Regensburg publishing house 1915.
  • Günther Flohrschütz: On the oldest history of the Lords of Bodman . Diss. Munich 1951.
  • Adalbert Elschenbroich:  Bodman. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 359 ( digitized version ).
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon Volume I, Volume 53 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1972, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Herbert Berner (Ed.): Bodman. Village, imperial palace, nobility ( Lake Constance library. Volume 13). 2 vols. Jan Thorbecke-Verlag, Sigmaringen, 1977, ISBN 3-7995-5113-1 .
  • Kurt Andermann : The oldest Bodman goods registers (1367). In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , 111th year 1993, pp. 1–16 ( digitized version )
  • Harald Derschka : Die Ministeriale des Hochstiftes Konstanz ( Konstanz Working Group for Medieval History: Lectures and Research ; Special Volume 45). Thorbecke, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-7995-6755-0 , pp. 65-73.
  • Joachim J. Halbekann (arr.): Count of Bodman's archive. Document recitals 1277–1902 ( inventories of the non-state archives Baden-Württemberg. Volume 30). Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016831-2 .
  • Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 .

Web links

Commons : Bodman  - collection of images, videos and audio files