Gailingen on the Upper Rhine

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 47 ° 42 '  N , 8 ° 45'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Freiburg
County :	Constancy
Height :	469 m above sea level NHN
Area :	13.16 km 2
Residents:	2852 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	217 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	78262
Area code :	07734
License plate :	KN
Community key :	08 3 35 026
Address of the municipal administration:	Hauptstrasse 7 78262 Gailingen am Hochrhein
Website :	www.gailingen.de
Mayor :	Thomas Auer (non-party)
Location of the community of Gailingen am Hochrhein in the district of Constance

Gailingen am Hochrhein is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg . Gailingen is a state-approved resort.

geography

Gailingen with the parish church of St. Dionysius

location

Gailingen lies between 400 (Rhine bank) and 630 meters (Rauhenberg) above sea ​​level . The center of the village lies on an old river terrace of the Rhine and extends over large parts of the southern slope of the Rauhenberg, on which the remains of the “ Bürglischloss ” and Rauhenberg Castle can still be found.

Neighboring communities

The municipality borders in the north on the village of Randegg , which belongs to the municipality of Gottmadingen , in the east on the Swiss municipalities of Buch and Ramsen in the canton of Schaffhausen , in the south on the city of Diessenhofen in the canton of Thurgau and in the west on Dörflingen in the canton of Schaffhausen. After a 700-meter-wide piece of Swiss territory, in the west you will also reach the district of the German exclave Büsingen , which is halfway to Schaffhausen .

Community structure

The village of Gailingen, the hamlet of Obergailingen and the houses Lochmühle, Rheinburg and Rheinhalde and Strandweg belong to the community of Gailingen am Hochrhein. In the municipal area are the abandoned villages Aufhofen, Gaishütte and Hofstetten.

See also : List of places in the district of Konstanz # Gailingen am Hochrhein

history

Gailingen was first mentioned in a document in 965. The name goes back to an Alemannic clan leader Gailo , who probably founded the place in the 5th century. The place initially belonged to the Lords of Gailingen , the presumed builders of the Bürglischloss , before it came under the sovereignty of the Habsburgs in 1465 . As part of the territorial changes brought about by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , the community fell to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806 .

Religions

Jewish cemetery in Gailingen

For centuries, a special feature of Gailingen was the high proportion of Jews in the population. After the end of the Thirty Years' War , the first Jews were allowed to settle in 1657, who two decades later founded the charitable brotherhood Chewra Kadischa and began building a Jewish cemetery that is still in good condition today . 1830 was consecrated in Gailingen, the one from 1827 to 1925 the seat Bezirksrabbinates was a synagogue , which until Kristallnacht in 1938 inventory; it was blown up on 10 November as well as the synagogues of Konstanz , cheeks and Gottmadingen by the SS - Verfügungstruppe III./'Germania 'from Radolfzell . In the middle of the 19th century, half of the town's inhabitants were Jewish (1862 990 versus 982 Christians). From 1870 to 1884 the entire community had a Jewish mayor, Leopold Guggenheim. At that time Gailingen was not only the second largest community in the Landgraviate of Nellenburg (after Stockach and before Radolfzell and Singen ), but also owned one of the largest Israelite communities in Baden . The community life with religious and social institutions created under the direction of famous rabbis and teachers (council house and school, central water supply, hospital, old people's home) was considered exemplary up to the time of National Socialism. The West Yiddish dialect was documented by Florence Guggenheim-Grünberg .

politics

Administrative community

Gailingen forms an agreed administrative community with Büsingen am Hochrhein and Gottmadingen .

Municipal council

The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result with a turnout of 61.69% (+ 14.89):

Party / list	Share of votes	+/-	Seats	+/-
CDU / UWG	36.87%	- 7.33%	4th	- 1
FWG	31.20%	- 0.9%	4th	± 0
Socio-ecological list	31.94%	+ 8.24%	4th	+ 1

The mayor is also a member of the municipal council.

mayor

Mayor of Gailingen is Thomas Auer. He has held the office since May 12, 2018.

• 1833–1841: Michael Held
• 1841–1845: Johann Nepomuk Schneble
• 1845–1852: Michael Held
• 1852–1856: Johann Nepomuk Auer
• 1856-1859: Peter Heidel
• 1859–1869: Christian Schneble
• 1869–1870: Matthias Auer
• 1870–1884: Leopold Hirsch Guggenheim
• 1884–1891: Conrad Auer
• 1891–1921: Oswald Auer
• 1921–1928: Otto Schneble
• 1928–1933: Josef Ruh
• 1933–1935: Friedrich Hermann
• 1935-1939: Alois Sproll
• 1939–1944: Willi Becher
• 1944–1945: Emil von Ow
• 1945–1946: Josef Ruh
• 1946–1948: Karl Auer
• 1948–1954: Richard Schneble
• 1954–1971: Martin Schneble
• 1971–1986: Ernst Ege
• 1986–2018: Heinz Brennenstuhl
• since 2018: Thomas Auer

Partner municipality

Gailingen has a partnership with Liebschützberg in Saxony.

coat of arms

Blazon : "Divided by blue and silver, above three golden four-ended stag poles turned to the left , below a red, torn-off lion head."

Economy and Infrastructure

The Schmieder Clinics have existed since 1950 and the Jugendwerk since 1972 - both neurological rehabilitation centers (the youth organization for children, adolescents and young adults).

The community has been officially recognized as a resort since 1977.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the Schneble brothers in Gailingen produced the hand-operated “parallel knife Schnittfix”, which works like a slicer, for cutting adjustable, thick slices of bread, vegetables, cheese or sausage.

education

With the Hochrheinschule Gailingen, the community has a primary and secondary school .

Culture and sights

Buildings

Tower of the St. Dionysius Church

The community of Gailingen has a number of architecturally interesting, sometimes also listed buildings. The most important structures include:

• the 12th century Nikolaus Chapel in Obergailingen
• the neo-Gothic Catholic parish church of St. Dionysius, built between 1907 and 1911,
• the community center (formerly the Jewish school building) with the adjacent synagogue memorial square,
• the Jewish cemetery from the 18th century,
• the Liebenfelsische Schlösschen, built around 1750,
• the Villa Rheinburg, built in 1866 as a country house in the neo-renaissance style,
• several historical Weintrotten , z. B. the "Randegger Trotte" dated to the year 1564 and the former "Klostertrotte in der Steig" from the 17th century, as well
• the covered wooden bridge over the Rhine to the Swiss town of Diessenhofen .

Memorials

In the Jewish cemetery below the Bürgli Castle , a memorial stone has been commemorating the Gailing Jews who were deported to the Gurs concentration camp in 1940 in the Wagner-Bürckel campaign and who fell victim to the Shoah since 1948 . On Synagogenplatz, the citizens have been commemorating the Jewish community since 1976 with a memorial stone and plaque of the synagogue that was destroyed in 1938 . The Jewish cemetery was laid out around 1650. The oldest gravestone dates from 1695; the last burial so far was in 1980; he has around 1,244 tombstones.

The Gailingen Jewish Museum is located in the Gailingen community center. They are the rooms of the former Jewish school and community center. In this documentation center of Jewish history and culture on Lake Constance and the Upper Rhine, saved Torah, prayer shawls, books and photos are shown. Visitors from Israel are well represented.

nature

The Rhine near Gailingen

In addition to the popular landscape and the nearby Swiss border , the Rheinuferpark and shipping are the main attractions in summer. In addition, wine is grown on around 18 hectares on the southern slopes in Gailingen . The section of the High Rhine on which Gailingen lies - the outlet from Lake Constance ( Untersee ) to the Rhine Falls near Schaffhausen - is one of the most beautiful rivers in Europe.

The Bürglischloss lookout point with the lookout tower built in 1998 is located high above the village . With good visibility, the mountain panorama stretches from Vorarlberg to the Bernese Alps.

The dry lime lawn on Gailinger Berg has been its own nature reserve since 2004.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

• Friedrich Georg Schmieder (1911–1988), neurologist, psychiatrist and entrepreneur
• Ferdinand Kleibrink, pastor
• Leo Schreiber, made an honorary citizen two days after his 80th birthday.
• Heinz Brennenstuhl, retired mayor D.

literature

• Naftali Bar, Giora Bamberger: The Jewish cemetery in Gailingen / Bet ha-ḳevarot ha-Yehudi be-Gailingen, memor book, 2 volumes . Community of Gailingen, Association for the Preservation of the Jewish Cemetery in Gailingen, Gailingen / Zurich 1994, LCCN  93-117120 (in German, grave inscriptions in German and Hebrew, 1889 photos of all gravestones, copy and translation of their inscriptions, allocation plan and list).
• Eckhardt Friedrich, Dagmar Schmieder-Friedrich (ed.): The Gailinger Jews. Materials on the history of the Jewish community in Gailingen from its heyday and the years of violent dissolution (=  series of publications of the Working Group for Regional History eV No. 3 ). Working group for regional history, Constance 1981, ISBN 3-923215-02-9 .
• Detlef Girres: On the trail of the Jewish Gailingen . In: Alfred Georg Frei, Jens Runge (Ed.): Erinnern. Concerns. Learn. The fate of Jews, forced laborers and prisoners of war between the Upper Rhine and Lake Constance in the years 1933 to 1945 (from the series: Hegau Library Volume 69) . 2nd Edition. Thorbecke, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 978-3-7995-4127-5 , pp. 107-123 (1st edition Sigmaringen 1990).
• Regina Schmid: Lost Homeland. Gailingen - a village and its Jewish community in the Weimar period (=  series of publications of the Working Group for Regional History eV No. 7 ). Constance 1988, ISBN 3-7977-0217-5 .
• Walter Wolf; on behalf of the community of Gailingen in association with the Hegau-Geschichtsverein e. V. (Hrsg.): Gailingen - history of a Hochrheingemeinde (=  Hegau library . Volume 98 ). Gulde Druck, Tübingen, ISBN 3-921413-93-1 .
• Eckhardt Friedrich, Dagmar Schmieder: The Gailinger Jews . Materials on the history of the Gailingen Jewish community from its heyday and the years of violent dissolution. In: Working group for regional history e. V. (Ed.): Series of publications of the working group Regional History Bodensee . 4th edition. No. 3 . Hartung-Gorre, Konstanz 2010, ISBN 978-3-86628-347-3 .

Web links

Commons : Gailingen am Hochrhein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Gailingen community
• A walk in pictures through Gailingen

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI: Freiburg region Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 . Pp. 731-732
3. ^ Alemannia Judaica: Bürgerhaus Gailingen - a center of Jewish history and culture on the Upper Rhine and Lake Constance
4. ↑ Singener Wochenblatt, times in the district of Konstanz: emergence, bloom and violent end of the Gailingen Jewish community ( memento from January 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
5. ↑ Florence Guggenheim-Grünberg: Gailinger Jiddisch (= sound library of German dialects. Volume 22). Goettingen 1961.
6. ↑ State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg ( Memento of the original from December 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ↑ Matthias Biehler: Mayor: There can only be one list . In: Südkurier of May 10, 2010
8. ↑ Old and beautiful: Schnittfix II parallel knife by the Schneble brothers from Gailingen. Retrieved January 25, 2019.
9. ^ Nikolauskapelle Obergailingen .
10. ^ Parish of St. Dionysius Gailingen
11. ↑ Gailingen: Historisches  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
12. ↑ History of the "Schloss Rheinburg" property
13. ↑ Savior of the Randegger Trotte
14. ^ Trotte Rheinburg Castle
15. ^ Photograph of the deportation of Jews. Online at the Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg (PDF; 1.42 MB), p. 31, accessed on May 6, 2012
16. ^ Naftali Bar, Giora Bamberger: The Jewish cemetery in Gailingen / Bet ha-ḳevarot ha-Yehudi be-Gailingen, memor book, 2 volumes . Community of Gailingen, Association for the Preservation of the Jewish Cemetery in Gailingen, 1994.
17. ^ Gailingen community center. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 14, 2014 ; Retrieved January 3, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
18. ↑ Uli Fricker: Because of quiet corners. Jewish Museum in Gailingen completed. In: Südkurier of September 12, 2014.
19. ↑ ^{a b c} Gisela Stark: Always there for his fellow men . In: Südkurier of February 17, 2009