Tengen
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 47 ° 49 ' N , 8 ° 40' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Freiburg | |
| County : | Constancy | |
| Height : | 614 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 61.98 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 4584 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 74 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 78250 | |
| Area code : | 07736 | |
| License plate : | KN | |
| Community key : | 08 3 35 080 | |
| LOCODE : | DE TNN | |
City administration address : |
Marktstrasse 1 78250 Tengen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Marian Schreier ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the city of Tengen in the district of Konstanz | ||
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Tengen is a country town in Hegau in the Baden-Württemberg district of Konstanz on the border with Switzerland .
geography
City structure
The city of Tengen with the incorporated, formerly independent communities of Beuren am Ried , Blumenfeld , Büßlingen , Talheim , Uttenhofen , Watterdingen , Weil and Wiechs am Randen also includes 23 other villages, hamlets, farms and houses in addition to the city of Tengen. Only the villages of the same name belong to the former communities of Beuren am Ried, Blumenfeld, Büßlingen, Weil. The village of Talheim and the Gasthaus Haus Ehinger (Huihalden) belong to the former municipality of Talheim. The city of Tengen within the boundaries of 1970 includes the city of Tengen, the urban gardens and the Berghof, Deggenhofen, Haslacherhof, Mittlere Mühle and Untere (Bei) Mühle farms. The village of Uttenhofen and the farms Hauhof and Talmühle belong to the former municipality of Uttenhofen. To Watterdingen the village of Watterdingen and the farms Bucher (Hasler) Hof, Wannenhof and Weingarten (Stricker-Rotenbühler) farm. The former municipality of Wiechs am Randen includes the village of Wiechs am Randen (Ober-, Mittel- and Unterwiechs), the hamlet of hose, the farmstead farm (formerly a brickworks) and the house in Waschbach.
In the area of the city of Tengen, within the boundaries of 1970, lie the desert areas of Hofstetten, Ilmenstetten and Immenstetten. In the area of the former municipality of Wiechs am Randen, the village of Kirchstetten, which is now in Wiechs am Randen, is located. The former district of Verenahof , then an exclave , came to the municipality of Büttenhardt in 1967 as part of border adjustments to Switzerland .
geology
The oldest rocks around Tengen belong to the White Jura . These limestones were deposited around 140 million years ago. The White Jura, which today is mainly referred to as the Upper Jura, is mainly encountered in gorges and valley cuts, where it was cut through the removal of the younger molasse layers and is thus visible. The most important molasse deposits in the Tengen area belong to the Upper Marine Molasse (OMM). The so-called coarse limestone or shell rubble limestone , incorrectly referred to as Tengen shell limestone in and around Tengen , was deposited around 20 million years ago. In its typical formation, the rough limestone is a coarse-grained shell limestone of a light yellow color. Its main components are mussel and snail shells as well as between 20 and 40% fine to coarse quartz sand .
Complete fossil finds are rather rare. However, shark teeth up to 2 cm in size can be found. Such fossils of animals living in salt water also lead to the conclusion that the marginal coarse limestone is a deposit of the upper sea molasses. The deposits in the Tengen area are located near the original course of the beach. This fact is also a reason for different stratifications. In this way, both continuous and opposing layers of outcrops can be observed. The opposing layers are a near-shore tidal pattern and are known as cross or boundary stratification. Such stratification is not the norm, however.
The rough limestone was a popular building block in Tengen and the surrounding area. The use of the rock as a building material goes back to Roman times. The former presence of the Romans was confirmed by a coin find in a quarry near Wiechs am Randen. The Romans used the rough limestone mainly as a runner for millstones . In addition, due to its ability to store heat, the coarse limestone was used as a building block for thermal baths and hypocaust heating . The stone was also used to build houses. Most recently, thanks to its nitrate resistance, the coarse limestone was also used as floor slabs in stables.
Quarries from which the coarse limestone was extracted are located in the following locations:
- Quarry west of Tengen town and west of the Hinterburg , Gewann Flüh, forest festival area
- Quarry east of the Hinterburg in the area of today's building yard in the direction of Büßlingen,
- Quarries around Uttenhofen ,
- Quarries north of Wiechs am Randen (formerly part of Uttenhofen),
- Quarry north of the B314 between Tengen and Blumenfeld ,
- Quarry on the district road 6135 below Talheim (probably a fault in the White Jura).
history
Early history
When Tengen was first mentioned in a letter as Teingon in 877 , it belonged to Bishop Solomon II of Constance . The Lords of Tengen received city rights and high jurisdiction during the Staufer period . In 1275 the rear town was sold, became part of the Habsburg family and, after further changes, was finally owned by the Mainau Order of the Teutonic Order . The front town was owned by the Lords of Tengen for centuries . In 1446 the Swabian League of Cities came with an army to Hegau and before Tengen because the Hintertengener were feared robber barons. After negotiations with the Vordertengen, the Swabians were allowed to attack Hintertengen from Vordertengen if Vordertengen were spared. In 1522 Tengen came to Austria, the rear castle was finally destroyed by fire three years earlier.
Tengen and Tengen-Hinterburg lie on a rock spur around 300 meters long and 60 to 90 meters wide. Between the two are a city wall and a moat, over which only an arched bridge leads. The front city is 200 meters long and essentially consists of a market square . The Hinterburg ruins are only half as big, but they had a 32 meter high keep , which can still be seen today. Both cities had market rights, the rear rulership Tengen received it in 1291 from King Rudolf I. They could not use it, however, because there was no space for a market and because the front town had different rulers than the rear town, none had own driveway; only a footpath and donkey path led up to the back town.
Verenahof
For a long time the Verenahof was considered a curiosity . This 43 hectare farm was completely surrounded by Swiss territory. In the village of Büttenhardt in the canton of Schaffhausen , the Tengen County formerly owned property. The farm therefore came to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806 and belonged to the current district of Wiechs. For a long time the Verenahof was a German exclave alongside Büsingen . On October 4, 1967, the Verenahof became Swiss territory in a state treaty through land swap. At the town hall in Wiechs am Randen and the old school house in Büttenhardt, the old boundary stones are still standing as souvenirs.
Spatial development of the urban area
On January 1, 1971, Talheim and Uttenhofen and on January 1, 1973, Blumenfeld became part of Tengen through incorporation. Beuren am Ried was incorporated into Büßlingen on January 1, 1972, Weil on January 1, 1972 in Watterdingen. On January 1, 1975, Tengen, Büßlingen, Watterdingen and Wiechs am Randen became the new town of Tengen.
Religions
Tengen has always been shaped by Roman Catholicism . Even today there is a Roman Catholic church (St. Laurentius) and a Roman Catholic chapel (St. Georg) in Tengen. There is also a small evangelical church in town.
politics
Municipal council
Since the local elections on May 26, 2019 , Tengen's municipal council has 22 members (previously 19). With a turnout of 66.15%, the following distribution of seats resulted in the election:
| CDU / Independent Voters | 28.6% | 6 seats |
| Free voter association Randen e. V. | 46.6% | 10 seats |
| SPD / Free Citizens | 24.9% | 6 seats |
The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
mayor
Mayor of Tengen was Helmut Groß from 1973 to 2015, he had held the office since September 17, 1973, so he was 25 years old when he took office. In the election on March 1, 2015, he did not run for reasons of age. Marian Schreier was elected as his successor - at the time of the election at the age of 25 the youngest mayor in Germany.
- 1973–2015: Helmut Groß (* 1948 in Crailsheim)
- since May 2015: Marian Schreier (born February 8, 1990 in Stuttgart; SPD)
coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms reads: "In red an erect silver unicorn , holding a silver shield between the left front and rear feet, inside a straight-armed black paw cross." That of the old coat of arms: "In red an erect silver unicorn."
Coats of arms of the former municipalities
Beuren am Ried
Field of flowers
Büßlingen
Talheim
Tengen
(old coat of arms)
Uttenhofen
Watterdingen
Because
Wiechs on the edge
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The city can be reached by public transport every hour by bus from Engen (except on Sundays), which leaves after the arrival of the express train from Constance.
Tengen is connected to the national road network by the federal highway 314 ( Lauchringen - Singen (Hohentwiel) ).
Educational institutions
There is a primary and technical secondary school in Tengen . There is a pure elementary school in Büßlingen and Watterdingen . There are also three daycare centers in town.
Culture and sights
Historical buildings
- Tengen Castle . The so-called "Hinterburg" or "Burg Hintertengen". Only the keep is left of her.
- Catholic Chapel of St. George (built at the beginning of the 14th century, modified in Baroque style). The preserved castle chapel of the "Hinterburg".
- The remains of the Roman estate near Büßlingen are designed as an open-air museum.
Catholic parish church St. Laurentius
The slightly elevated position of the church indicates a former function as a fortified church . The core of the current building is early Gothic (13th century), which can be recognized by the small, walled-up pointed arch windows on the south wall. Several renovations have changed the church significantly:
- 1518 construction of the tower
- around 1730 extensive reconstruction and baroque transformation
- Restorations in 1880 and 1909
- 1929/1930 massive expansion through the construction of a new choir, transept and sacristy
- 1934 heightening of the tower
The furnishing of the interior still has a uniform baroque look.
Attractions in the area
- Mühlbach Gorge
East of the old town, the Mühlbach gorge with several waterfalls worth seeing. In the gorge there is a ruined mill with a running mill wheel. A visitor path with bridges and footbridges leads along the Mühlbach, past the waterfalls.
- Flower fields waterfall
Beaver waterfall under the bridge that leads to the old town of Blumenfeld. Here, heavy rains can cause the river to swell, which can lead to massive flooding in the surrounding area. For example, one can read in a note from 1753: "The landscape of Blumenfeld has been beguiled by showers and hailstones."
- Tengen court linden
The old judicial linden tree stands north of Tengen, at the "Tengener Eck" next to the district road 5924, just before the Berghof in the open field. The summer linden tree, designated as a natural monument , has an estimated age of 300–400 years. According to the signs, the annual Tengen court days took place here in the Middle Ages .
Waterfall in the Mühlbach Gorge
Mill ruins in the Mühlbach Gorge
Flower fields waterfall under the beaver bridge
Court linden tree at the "Tengener Eck"
Tourist routes and hiking trails
Tengen is located on the Neckar-Alb-Aare Roman road , which leads past many sights.
In the north, the district extends to the ridge that separates the Lake Constance basin from the Danube valley. The European watershed runs along this, along with the Alte Postweg for several kilometers , a historical traffic route of national importance.
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Franz Christoph von Scheyb (1704–1777), writer
- Matthäus Cornelius Münch (1771-1853), clergyman and educator
- Josef Benignus Maus (1775–1856), historian
- Otto Lueger (1843–1911), engineer, editor of the Lexicon of All Technology
- Albert Maier (1873–1961), educator and politician
- Natascha Ungeheuer (actually Ursula Rosa Ungeheuer) (* 1937), painter and actress
- Christine Muscheler-Frohne (* 1950), politician (Greens), former member of the state parliament
- Andreas Gruschke (1960–2018), author, photographer and Tibetan scholar
- Otto Sauter (* 1961), piccolo trumpeter specializing in baroque music
Other personalities
- Traugott Freiherr von Stackelberg (1891–1970), medic, painter, writer
- Heidi Tübinger , painter
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI: Freiburg region Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 , pp. 797–802.
- ^ Tengen - Tales of the city and its localities by Franz Götz, published on behalf of the city of Tengen, Kugler Druck, Singen, 2nd edition 2000
- ↑ Quoted from: Tengen - stories of the city and its localities by Franz Götz, published on behalf of the city of Tengen, Kugler Druck, Singen, 2nd edition 2000, chapter Der Randenkalk und seine Steinbrüche , page 33
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 497 f .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 519 .
- ↑ Public announcement of the results of the municipal council election for the city of Tengen , accessed on August 16, 2019 (pdf)
- ↑ Matthias Biehler: Mayor: There can only be one list . In: Südkurier of May 10, 2010.
- ↑ 25-year-old Marian Schreier in Tengen: youngest mayor of Germany. In: SWR.de. Retrieved March 2, 2015 .
- ↑ Quoted from: Tengen - Stories of the city and its localities by Franz Götz, published on behalf of the city of Tengen, Kugler Druck, Singen, 2nd edition 2000, page 407
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