Heinrich interpreting

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Heinrich interpreting

Heinrich Dolmetsch (born January 24, 1846 in Stuttgart ; † July 25, 1908 there ) was a German architect who was particularly active in the field of church building in southwest Germany. He refurbished or restored a large number of churches, built 17 new churches and gave reports on almost 50 other church buildings.

life and work

Dolmetsch was the son of the winemaker and baker Zacharias Dolmetsch (1812–1870) and Elisabeth Wagner (1813–1888). He was a cousin of the future Stuttgart city historian Eugen Dolmetsch (1859-1944) and studied at the Stuttgart Polytechnic with Christian Friedrich von Leins . He went on study trips through the German states as well as to Austria, Italy and France. The son Theodor (* 1877), who also embarked on a career in architecture, emerged from his marriage to Emma Lorenz in 1874 .

Dolmetsch's work as an architect began with the reconstruction of the Protestant town church St. Veit in Gaildorf , which was destroyed in a fire in 1868, under the direction of Leins. Inspired by this work, he specialized in the construction, expansion and restoration of church buildings. In the course of his work he has contributed to a large number of church buildings throughout Württemberg ; only a few secular buildings are known of him. Stylistically he is assigned to historicism , occasionally he is also characterized as a Gothic . At the turn of the 20th century he turned to Art Nouveau , first in elements of the furnishings and interior design and glazing, then also on the building itself.

In terms of construction, the Protestant St. Mark's Church in Stuttgart is the world's first church tower made of reinforced concrete . He also tried to break new ground in the areas of heating and ventilation of large buildings. Dolmetsch was also active in areas other than architecture, for example he designed a chalice with a paten and drew a book cover.

Due to his great experience in church building, he was soon considered an expert in questions of acoustics and as such was often called in on other building projects. He developed a wall and ceiling covering using crushed cork to reduce reverberation , for which he received a patent.

Heinrich Dolmetsch died as a senior building officer at the age of 62 and was buried on July 27, 1908 in the Prague cemetery in Stuttgart . His son Theodor Dolmetsch continued to run the architectural office together with Felix Schuster until the First World War.

Many of Dolmetsch's church buildings were “modernized” in the second half of the 20th century, ornaments and decorations were removed or disguised, paintwork was vacuumed or painted over. The reasons for this were not only the destruction of World War II and lack of money, but also that historicism was viewed as kitsch . It was not until the late 1980s that thinking began to take place, and artistic work began to be seen in the works of this style epoch. For this reason, when restoration was due, some churches were returned as much as possible to the condition designed by Dolmetsch, for example the Bonifatius Church in Oberrot .

plant

Buildings (selection)

  • Parish Church Abstatt

  • Pankratiuskirche Böckingen

  • Evangelical Church Großdeinbach

  • Parish Church of Roigheim

  • City church Schorndorf

  • Christ Church in Lehrensteinsfeld

  • Parish church Untergruppenbach

  • Markuskirche Stuttgart

  • Former YMCA club house, today Furtbach hospital

  • Katharinenkirche Reutlingen

  • Katharinenkirche (cemetery church) in Reutlingen

  • Evangelical Church Häslach (community Walddorfhäslach)

Fonts

  • Japanese models: a collection of Japanese art products from the areas of watercolor, lacquer and porcelain painting, bronze technology and the art of enameling. J. Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1887
  • The ornament treasure: a sample book of stylish ornaments from all art eras. 85 plates by J. Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1887 archive.org . Several revised and expanded editions were published, the last being posthumous in 1913.
    • The Treasury of Ornament: Pattern in the Decorative Arts. Portland House, New York 1889. Translated into English
    • The Historic Style of Ornament containg 1500 Examples from all Countries and all Periods ... Batsford, London 1898 archive.org
    • Pictorial Encyclopedia of Historic Ornament: 100 Plates, Including 75 in Full Color. English edition reprinted; Dover Publications, Mineola, New York 2003, ISBN 0-486-42834-6
    • Tesoros de la Ornamentacion. Liberia's Yenny, 1999, ISBN 84-7630-812-4 ; Spanish
    • About church restoration. In: Monthly publication of the Württembg. Association for construction in Stuttgart. F. Weise's Hofbuchhandlung in Stuttgart (until 1900); South German Verl.-Anstalt, Munich (from 1901). Stuttgart 1898–1904, pp. 1–5. ( Online )
  • The new Markuskirche in Stuttgart . In: Monthly publication of the Württembg. Association for construction in Stuttgart. F. Weise's Hofbuchhandlung in Stuttgart (until 1900); South German Verl.-Anstalt, Munich (from 1901). Stuttgart 1898-1904, pp. 113-115. ( online )
  • The plaster modeling workshop . In: The K. Württemberg State Trade Museum in Stuttgart. Kgl. Central office for trade and commerce . Stuttgart 1896, pp. 65-68. ( online )
  • The collection of plaster casts . In: The K. Württemberg State Trade Museum in Stuttgart. Kgl. Central office for trade and commerce . Stuttgart 1896, pp. 53-64. ( online )
  • The K. Württemberg State Trade Museum in Stuttgart. Festschrift for the inauguration of the new museum building . Kgl. Central office for trade and commerce. Stuttgart 1896. ( online )

literature

  • Ellen Pietrus: Heinrich Dolmetsch - The church restoration of the Württemberg master builder, dissertation University of Hanover 2003, published by the regional council of Stuttgart, State Office for Monument Preservation in: Research and reports on building and monument preservation in Baden-Württemberg, Volume 13, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978 -3-8062-2171-8
  • Ellen Pietrus: Church furnishings by Heinrich Dolmetsch. Dealing with room settings from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In: Monument Preservation in Baden-Württemberg , 34th year 2005, issue 2, pp. 88–99 ( PDF for download )
  • Ellen Pietrus: The new church buildings by Heinrich Dolmetsch: an architect in the Kingdom of Württemberg. Reprint from: Reutlinger Geschichtsblätter. 40 2001
  • Ellen Pietrus: Aesthetics, pragmatism and history in conflict: reconstruction of the Katharinenkirche by Heinrich Dolmetsch. Published by the Evangelical Church Community of St. Katharina, Schwäbisch Hall 1998
  • Karlheinz Fuchs: Architecture in the German Southwest. Architects and builders from eight centuries. DRW-Verlag, Leinfelden-Echterdingen 2003, ISBN 3-87181-491-1
  • Ellen Pietrus: The Markus Church in Stuttgart . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-422-02035-1

Web links

Commons : Heinrich Dolmetsch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Heinrich Dolmetsch  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Country houses and villas. J. Engelhorn publishing house, Stuttgart around 1897.
personal data
SURNAME Dolmetsch, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect
DATE OF BIRTH January 24, 1846
PLACE OF BIRTH Stuttgart
DATE OF DEATH July 25, 1908
Place of death Stuttgart