Kilian's Church (Talheim)
The Kilian's Church in Talheim in the Heilbronn district in northern Baden-Württemberg is a Protestant parish church . The church is the original church of the place. The oldest components in the tower were built around 1200. After several reconstructions, the structure reached its present size around 1450 and was redesigned many times afterwards. The church contains historical wall paintings as well as numerous tombstones of the Lords of Talheim .
history
The origins of Kilian's Church are largely unknown. On the basis of architectural characteristics and studies of the wood used, the substructure of the church tower is dated to around 1200. At that time there was probably a small chapel with a brick one-story tower, which was expanded into a Romanesque choir tower church in the late 12th century and received its current floor plan. Through further renovation stages in the 13th and 15th centuries, during which first the tower and then the nave were raised, the church essentially achieved its present form.
Before the Reformation, the church belonged to the Weinsberg regional chapter of the Würzburg diocese . The church set belonged to the Lords of Talheim and was a fiefdom of the bishops of Würzburg. The bones of the church patron Kilian are kept in Würzburg.
A chaplaincy was first mentioned in 1314, a Marienkaplanei later in 1434. An altar is mentioned for the first time in 1453, an early mass altar for Mary in 1488, the same altar again in 1498 and a women's altar in 1508. The altar probably originally stood under the ciborium in the northeast corner of the nave. Nicholas and 1434 Marienpfründen are mentioned as benefices.
It is no longer known when the Reformation was carried out. In any case, in 1553 the Protestant pastor Mosellanus was in Talheim. With the Kollatur the lords of Talheim were invested 1551 Burkhard of Talheim , 1574 Hans Ulrich von Talheim . Burkhard von Talheim built next to the church the rectory on the Schozach and the diaconate house between the rectory and the church.
After the Catholic German Order in the early 17th century four sixths of Ganerbenanteile had purchased at Talheim were during the Thirty Years' War in 1628, the two pastors of the Evangelical Church, Bartholomew Sartor and M. Wendelin Benator marketed and Protestant churches confiscated by the Order . On July 9, 1628, the order installed a Catholic pastor named Schopf. The inhabitants belonging to the order were forced to attend the Catholic mass or to emigrate. The Protestant Ganerbe protested and there were numerous religious disputes. After Protestant Swedish troops entered Heilbronn in the spring of 1632 and the Kommende Heilbronn of the Teutonic Order donated to the Protestant city on February 28, 1632, the Talheim inheritance of the order also came into the possession of the city of Heilbronn. The pastoral posts were then filled with Protestant clergy again. After the battle of Nördlingen , the Teutonic Order received its Heilbronn command back and in 1634 again appointed a Catholic priest in Talheim. After the Peace of Westphalia , the Protestant Ganerbe managed to restore the original conditions, whereby the church became Protestant again in October 1649, which it has remained since then.
During the restoration of the building in 1716, seven large windows were broken into the nave. The interior was then changed several times. Significant renovations in the recent past took place around 1906 and 1956. During the renovation in 1956, among other things, the historical wall paintings were exposed again.
description
The church contains important Secco paintings from the Romanesque and Gothic periods. The east tower contains a barrel vault in the choir with three Romanesque windows and a Romanesque archway and windows of the same style on the south and north walls.
Remnants of a canopy and a font in the shape of a cauldron with a large base are said to date from the Romanesque period.
A total of 13 historical tombstones of the Lords of Talheim have been preserved in the church. The oldest stones date from around 1330. Artistically significant works of the Renaissance are in particular the tombstones of Christoph von Talheim († 1572) with Barbara von Weiler by Simon Schlör , as well as those of Hans Ulrich von Talheim († 1605).
The statue of the Madonna from the 14th century, which has been in the Catholic pilgrimage church of Our Lady since 1887 as part of a baroque altar, was also previously in the Kilian's Church.
The church is surrounded by the Protestant cemetery, which was used for funerals until 2008. Since then it has served as a park.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fekete 2002, p. 12.
literature
- History book of the municipality of Talheim in the district of Heilbronn , Talheim 1995
- Julius Fekete : Art and cultural monuments in the city and district of Heilbronn . 2nd Edition. Theiss, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8062-1662-2
- Hartmut Gräf: Unterländer Altars 1350-1540 Heilbronn, 1983.
- Oberamtsbeschreibung Heilbronn , published by the State Statistical Office, Stuttgart, 1903
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 4 ′ 58.2 ″ N , 9 ° 11 ′ 40.1 ″ E