Aichwald
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Coordinates: 48 ° 45 ' N , 9 ° 23' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Stuttgart | |
| County : | Esslingen | |
| Height : | 450 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 14.68 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 7559 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 515 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 73773 | |
| Area code : | 0711 | |
| License plate : | ES, NT | |
| Community key : | 08 1 16 076 | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Seestrasse 8 73773 Aichwald |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Andreas Jarolim | |
| Location of the community of Aichwald in the Esslingen district | ||
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Aichwald is a municipality in the Esslingen district , ten kilometers from the district town of Esslingen and 20 kilometers from Stuttgart . It belongs to the Stuttgart region (until 1992 the Middle Neckar region ) and the European metropolitan region of Stuttgart .
geography
Geographical location
Aichwald lies on the Lia plateau of the Vorderen Schurwald between the Remstal in the north and the Neckar or Filstal in the south. The municipality is the northernmost municipality in the Esslingen district. The exit of the district of Aichelberg in the direction of Weinstadt -Beutelsbach marks this northernmost point of the district.
The district of Aichwald covers an area of 1468 hectares. Around 45% of the marked area is used by agriculture, but increasingly as a sideline.
In the Aichelberg district, about 13 hectares of wine is grown on the southern slopes towards the Remstal. Not to forget the strawberry and raspberry cultivation typical of the Schurwald .
Sea level, marked area:
- Krummhardt water tower 476 m above sea level NN
- Highest point: Lobenrot water tank 480 m
- Lowest point: Zolterbach Bridge 285 m
- Forest area 617 ha
Neighboring cities and communities
The following cities and communities border Aichwald (clockwise, starting in the west): Kernen im Remstal , Weinstadt (both Rems-Murr-Kreis ), Baltmannsweiler and Esslingen am Neckar (both Esslingen district).
Community structure
Aichwald consists of the formerly independent communities Aichelberg, Aichschieß and Schanbach. The village of Aichelberg (2256 inhabitants, as of December 31, 2018) belongs to the former municipality of Aichelberg. The village of Aichschieß (1564 inhabitants) and the hamlet of Krummhardt (754 inhabitants) as well as the abandoned village of Eglisweiler belong to the former municipality of Aichschieß . The village of Schanbach (2809 inhabitants) and the place Lobenrot (229 inhabitants) belong to the former municipality of Schanbach.
Division of space
According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.
history
In the High Middle Ages, the area of today's municipality of Aichwald was part of the Duchy of Swabia .
Aichelberg
The place name Aichelberg, because of the ending -berg, indicates that it was founded in the 9th century at the latest. The settlement probably originally belonged to the Waiblingen royal court . Since the 14th century the Truchsess von Stetten exercised the local rule with the right to blood and lower jurisdiction , which they had taken as a fief from the Ellwangen Monastery . The seat of rule was Stetten Castle in the Rems Valley . From 1507 to 1663 the place was subordinate to the Thumbs von Neuchâtel , after the Württemberg Landhofmeister Konrad Thumb took over the fief from his predecessor Dietrich von Weiler . In 1532 Hans Konrad Thumb von Neuburg carried out the Reformation in his domain, so that Aichelberg has also been Protestant since then. From 1663 to 1803 the place was subordinate to the barons of Holtz with seat in Alfdorf . As a result of the secularization of the prince provostship of Ellwangen , the fiefdom of Aichelberg fell to the Duchy of Württemberg in 1803 and was assigned to the Oberamt Schorndorf in 1806 .
Aichschiess
The church in the Aichschieß district was first mentioned in 1275. At first it was known as Ainschiez, which probably refers to the mountain spur "shooting in" between two valleys, on which the village lay in a cleared island. In the 17th century it was called Eichschies . At the beginning of the late Middle Ages, the Lords Dürner von Dürnau near Schnait presumably held the local rule. By marriage, the rule came to the Schorndorf citizen Heinrich Rorbeck around 1340. He ceded the rights of rule in 1366 in exchange for Schnait to Count Ulrich II of Württemberg . Aichschieß came to the Württemberg office of Schorndorf. During the war between Württemberg and the imperial city of Esslingen, the town of Aichschieß was set on fire on September 11, 1449 by Esslingen mercenaries during the South German City War . In 1514 men from Aichschieß took part in the uprising of poor Konrad against Duke Ulrich . During the war in Württemberg against the imperial city of Reutlingen, Aichschieß was again targeted by the neighboring imperial city of Esslingen, which burned down the local rectory. In 1534 Duke Ulrich carried out the Reformation in Württemberg (and thus also in Aichschieß). A school has been in existence since 1653 and its own schoolhouse since 1710. Aichschieß belonged to the Oberamt Schorndorf until 1842 and since then to the Oberamt Esslingen .
Schanbach
In the 13th and 14th centuries, the Lords of Schanbach exercised local rule as feudal men of the Dukes of Teck . The Lords of Schanbach temporarily had their seat in the castle of the same name, which had already been removed in the 15th century. From the 15th century at the latest, the Truchsess of Stetten were local lords who took this rule from Württemberg as a fief. In 1452, Württemberg regained part of the local rule. In the remaining part of the village, the Truchsesse von Stetten represented the authorities until 1504, then from 1504 to 1507 Dietrich von Weiler. As in Aichelberg, he was followed from 1507 to 1666 by Messrs Thumb von Neuchâtel . In 1514 some Schanbachers also took part in the alliance of poor Konrad . In the Thirty Years War Schanbach lost two thirds of its population. Before the war about 300 people lived there, afterwards only about 100 people. Since 1666 the place had become part of the Duchy of Württemberg and belonged to the Krummhardter Ämtlein and the Schurwald Court . For centuries the main source of income was three-field farming, cattle grazing and forestry. After the establishment of the Kingdom of Württemberg , Schanbach belonged to the Oberamt Esslingen from 1806 to 1808, then from 1808 to 1923 to the Oberamt Cannstatt and since then again to the Oberamt Esslingen.
Development in the 20th century
Since the beginning of industrialization, the residents of the towns in Aichwald increasingly went to work in the factories in the Neckar and Remstal valleys. The administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg led in 1938 to the affiliation of all places in today's Aichwald district to the Esslingen district . The Second World War ended for the residents on the night of April 21-22, 1945 with the passage of the US Army . No fighting took place, so that neither people nor buildings were harmed. The places became part of the American zone of occupation and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden , which was incorporated into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.
Aichelberg (1685), forest inventory book by Andreas Kieser
Aichschiess (1685)
Krummhardt (1685)
Lobenrot (1685)
Schanbach (1685)
Community merger
As part of the community reform in Baden-Württemberg , the previously independent communities Aichelberg, Aichschieß (with Krummhardt) and Schanbach (with Lobenrot) merged on January 1, 1974 to form the new community of Aichwald. The seat of the municipal administration is in Schanbach.
Coats of arms of the districts
Aichelberg
Aichschiess
Schanbach
Development of the population
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¹ according to: State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg ; until 1970 census results, from 1975 updates on December 31 of each year.
politics
Municipal council
The community council in Aichwald has 18 members. The local election on May 26, 2019 led to the following official final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
| Parties and constituencies |
% 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
||
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 31.55 | 6th | 37.96 | 7th | |
| FW | Free voters Aichwald | 29.82 | 5 | 27.41 | 5 | |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 17.23 | 3 | 22.73 | 4th | |
| GREEN | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 14.27 | 3 | 11.9 | 2 | |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 7.13 | 1 | - | - | |
| total | 100.0 | 18th | 100.0 | 18th | ||
| voter turnout | 69.10% | 61.99% | ||||
Aichwald is one of five of the 1101 municipalities in Baden-Württemberg in which more than 80 percent of those entitled to vote used their voting rights in the state elections on March 27, 2011.
mayor
- 1974–2006: Richard Hohler
- 2006–2018: Nicolas Fink
- In March 2019, Andreas Jarolim was elected as the new mayor with 52.4% of the votes in the first ballot.
coat of arms
Blazon : "In blue a golden sloping bar, accompanied at the top by a golden acorn , at the bottom by a golden mark of a triangular head shaft with a rear foot strut."
The coat of arms unites the golden sloping bar from the coat of arms of the former municipality of Schanbach, which goes back to the local nobility, with the talking figures of the extinct coats of arms of Aichelberg (golden acorn) and Aichschieß (stylized golden crossbow). The coat of arms was awarded in 1977 by the Esslingen District Office.
Partnerships
Aichwald maintains friendly connections to:
- City of Böhlen in the district of Leipzig in Saxony and
- Market town of Finkenstein am Faaker See in Carinthia , Austria .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Since 2009 the “BürgerBus Aichwald” has been connecting the villages of Schanbach, Aichelberg, Aichschieß, Krummhardt and Lobenrot. The citizen bus runs twice in the morning and twice in the afternoon. The BürgerBusverein Aichwald e. V. has over twenty drivers. Aichwald is also connected via line 114 of the VVS. In addition, from 2019 line 114 will be extended to Endersbach, thus establishing the connection to the Remstal that has long been desired by residents.
education
Aichwald has a primary school in the Schanbach district. In Aichelberg and Aichschieß there are branch offices for elementary school classes. There are three community kindergartens in the individual villages and a forest kindergarten in the Aichschießer forest.
There is a music school and an independent adult education center .
Waste disposal
The waste management company of the Esslingen district is responsible for waste disposal. There are separate collections for organic waste , household waste and paper. As part of the Green Dot, packaging is collected in so-called yellow bags . Bulky waste can be picked up free of charge by handing in one of two vouchers a year, or it can be taken to a disposal station. Electrical and metal scrap and other recyclable materials can also be disposed of at the disposal stations. There are special collections of problematic substances for hazardous waste such as fluorescent lamps and paint.
Culture and sights
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Aichwald has an impressive number of architectural and art monuments that are contemporary witnesses of centuries of local history. In addition to the scenic location, it is above all they that make the Schurwald community so charming. Because Aichschieß was not on a thoroughfare, its center is particularly well preserved (half-timbered houses around the church). The remains of a small medieval castle can be found in the forest below Schanbach . The wine press, first mentioned in 1558, is located in Aichelberg and today houses a beekeeping.
The four historic church buildings of the Protestant parish in the suburbs are particularly outstanding :
In Aichelberg there is a former pilgrimage church, the Evangelical Church of Our Lady from 1460, still located halfway in the open field above the village, with wall paintings in the choir (exposed in 1969) and a crucifix from the 17th century. Joseph Wagner from Alfdorf painted the 25 gallery panels on the life of Jesus and the twelve apostles in 1760. In 1970, Gerhard Dreher created three clear glass choir windows with geometric line ornaments as well as additional colored windows in the nave and tower.
The Protestant church in Krummhardt is one of the most charming village churches in the Esslingen district (furnishings in peasant baroque style );
The Protestant church from 1500 with a late medieval choir tower is located in Schanbach . During the renovation and installation of the gallery by architect Heinrich Dolmetsch in 1905, the choir window designed by the artist Theodor Bauerle with Christ as the Bringer of Peace was installed. In 1952 Rudolf Yelin the Younger created the sgraffito on the choir arch with the angel's message to the shepherds, Ulrich Henn created the bronze altar cross in 1969, a "box cross" with themed medallions on the life of Jesus.
The Protestant village church of St. Gereon and St. Margaretha is located in Aichschieß , which was rebuilt after being destroyed in the war in 1454 and provided with a choir and south tower. It contains a crucifix from the Ulm School around 1500, inside wall paintings from around 1330, which are among the oldest in the entire region, as well as other wall paintings from around 1500. After the Reformation, the church was converted into a Protestant, The Wuerttemberg church and church service regulations were converted into a church service room with a transverse hall concept: the altar was moved out of the choir, the pulpit was placed in the middle of the north wall, gentlemen's chairs in the choir and above it an organ gallery and a south and west gallery built. The entire ground floor and gallery stalls were oriented towards the north pulpit. Due to the risk of collapse, the architect Heinz Klatte carried out a thorough renovation and "clean-up" by 1952, with the loss of valuable substance through the construction of the south and west walls. The glass paintings from 2000 on the three windows in the choir were made by the glass artist Renate Gross from Gilching (Bavaria), the baptismal lid and other works of art were made by Karl Ulrich Nuss .
In the place of the former school house is the so-called Zuchthäusle, a tiny cell in which not only criminals were imprisoned, but also unmarried mothers had to spend a fortnight with bread and water after they were admonished from the pulpit .
Regular events
Since 2003, the five-day Goldgelb music festival has been held every two years in August on a sunflower field in front of Krummhardt .
The Kunstkreis Aichwald has been organizing cultural events and art exhibitions since 2004 . The art exhibitions are presented under the title "In the mirror of the pictures". "Works on paper" by internationally known artists will be shown. "International original graphic art" and works by Alfred Pohl (2005), Paul Flora (2006), Markus Lüpertz (2007), Ruth Stahl and Heinz Friedrich (2008), Hermann Kätelhön and Christian Mischke (2009), Hetty Krist ( 2010), Rosa Loy (2011) and Leiko Ikemura (2012). A school competition is linked to the art exhibitions. The chairman and curator of the art group is Frieder Gadesmann.
In June the International ADAC Motocross Aichwald takes place on the “In den Horben” race track. The organizer of this annual major event, which was held for the first time in 1954, is the “Eiserne Hand” Aichwald motorsport club.
Other well-known events include the Aichwalder Hüttengaudi in the Schurwaldhalle in January and the "Summerwine" on the last weekend in August on Saturdays and the traditional Wengert Festival at the old wine press in the Aichelberg vineyards on Sundays. Both events are organized by the Aichelberg Music Association.
Personalities
- Gottlob Eberhard von Hafner (1785–1858), born in Aichelberg, evangelical theologian, general superintendent of Heilbronn, member of the state parliament
- Otto Lautenschlager (1900–1987), writer and poet
- Frieder Gadesmann (1943–2014), evangelical theologian and educationalist, curator and chairman of the Aichwald art group
- Domenico Tedesco (* 1985), soccer coach for Bundesliga club FC Schalke 04
- Nicolas Fink (* 1976), member of the state parliament and former mayor D.
- Eduard Reinacher (1892–1968), Alsatian-German poet, radio play author, narrator and playwright, works as a journalist in Aichelberg
literature
- Aichwald community: The history of Aichwald and its five districts Aichelberg, Aichschieß, Krummhardt, Lobenrot and Schanbach on the Vorderen Schurwald , DRW-Verlag, Leinfelden-Echterdingen 1999, ISBN 3-87181-442-3
- Otto Wurster: Eßlinger Heimatbuch for town and surroundings. Bechtle, Esslingen 1931, DNB 578447118 .
- Aichschiess. P. 298 f.
- Schanbach. P. 299 f.
- Frieder Gadesmann (Ed.): Looking for life. Religion 9/10 for secondary schools and secondary schools. ISBN 3-425-07868-2 . In it: God liberates. With the font sculpture by Karl Ulrich Nuss in the Evangelical Church Aichwald Aichschieß. P. 12.
- Frieder Gadesmann: Looking for life. Religion 7/8 for secondary schools and high schools. ISBN 3-425-07882-8 . Inside: village church in Aichschieß near Stuttgart. P. 172 f.
- Markus Hörsch. The Protestant parish church of St. Gereon and Margaretha in Aichschieß (Gde. Aichwald). Hennecke 1997. ISBN 978-3-927981-57-7 .
- State Archives Baden-Württemberg i. V. with the district of Esslingen (ed.): The district of Esslingen. Volume 1, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-0842-1 , p. 254.
- Elke Roos (Ed.): Aichwalder Blattwerk. Stories and history of the Vorderen Schurwald. Weinstadt 2012, ISBN 978-3-86372-007-0 .
- Rose Schilling-Aichele, August Kiesel: Chronicle of the community Aichschieß-Krummhardt. Walter, Ludwigsburg 1968, DNB 458836346 .
- Marianne Brugger & Fritz Weinschenk (eds.): Aichwalder Zeitenspiegel - Once and recently in text and images , e-book, August 2017, ISBN 978-3-7427-7894-9 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Population figures according to the municipality's website
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume III: Stuttgart District, Middle Neckar Regional Association. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004758-2 , pp. 161-164.
- ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Aichwald.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 460 .
- ↑ Election information for the municipal data center
- ↑ Stuttgarter Zeitung No. 30, February 6, 2016, p. 26.
- ↑ Mayoral election in Aichwald
- ↑ Aichwald Citizens ' Bus
- ^ Website of the Evangelical Church Community Aichwald
- ^ Hermann Proß: Our Schanbacher Church ; ed. Ev. Aichwald parish, Aichwald-Schanbach 2002
- ^ Hermann Proß, Das Schanbacher Kirchenfenster , in: Community letter summer 2011, Ev. Church community Schanbach, Aichwald-Schanbach 2011
- ↑ Markus Hörsch: The Protestant parish church of St. Gereon and Margaretha in Aichschieß (Gde. Aichwald). A village church on the Schurwald and its medieval wall paintings ; Remshalden-Buoch 1997
- ^ Markus Hörsch: New stained glass in a village church - the Aichschießer windows by Renate Gross , in: The stained glass by Renate Gross in the Ev. Parish Church of St. Gereon and Margaretha Aichschiess. Festschrift for the inauguration, ed. from the Ev. Aichschieß-Krummhardt parish, Aichwald-Aichschieß / Bamberg 2000, pp. 9–50
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