Degenfeld (Schwäbisch Gmünd)
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Degenfeld
City of Schwäbisch Gmünd
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| Height : | 526 (504-770) m |
| Area : | 9.26 km² |
| Residents : | 455 (Oct 31, 2014) |
| Population density : | 49 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1971 |
| Postal code : | 73529 |
| Area code : | 07332 |
 Location of Degenfeld in Schwäbisch Gmünd
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 Epee field from the west
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Degenfeld is a district of Schwäbisch Gmünd in Baden-Württemberg .
geography
Geographical location
Degenfeld is located about 13 km south-east of Schwäbisch Gmünd in the valley of the Lauter ("Degenfelder") , which runs roughly south here and is located on the outskirts below the Furtle Pass ( 629.6 m above sea level ) at 595.5 m above sea level. NN rises. The Furtlepass forms together with the 778.1 m above sea level. NN reach Bernhardus in its east the natural northern boundary of the district area and is located about two kilometers from the village edge sword box removed. In the northeast of the village lies the 756.3 m above sea level. NN high Eierberg , at its southeastern edge, a Talspinne with the larger converging valleys of the glass blade from the north and the Schweintals from the southeast. To the south, the Lauter flows between Lützelalb ( 747 m above sea level ) in the east and Galgenberg ( 716.8 m above sea level ) in the west of its valley towards Weißenstein . At the western edge of the village opens another small valley, behind which the Kalte Feld ( 780.9 m above sea level ) rises, from which a foothills in an east arch on the right side of the upper Lautertal over the Steinbühl and the Hornberg to the north to the other side of the Furtle Pass.
geology
The rock layers of the mountains around Degenfeld on the valley flanks of the Degenfelder Lauter were deposited about 160 million years ago in what was then the Jura Sea. Key fossils are primarily ammonites . With the unfolding of the Alps around 50 million years ago, the Jura layers were tilted at an angle.
The Degenfelder valley was formed by the Ur-Eyb .
Neighboring communities
Degenfeld borders in the north on the Schwäbisch Gmünder district Weiler in the mountains , in the east and south on the city Lauterstein and in the west on Weilerstoffel and Tannweiler , two districts of Waldstetten .
structure
The district consists of the former municipality of Degenfeld. Hornberg is another place to live .
history
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Prehistory and early history
There is no evidence of settlement during the Stone Age , although local researchers mention the Paleolithic finds on the Rosenstein near Heubach or the Mesolithic finds in neighboring Treffelhausen and on the Waldenbühl near Donzdorf on various occasions in connection with Degenfeld . Occasionally, the burial mounds from the Bronze Age on Falkenberg, east of Degenfeld, are associated with the place.
Settlement in Roman times is conceivable, but it is also speculation. Remnants of the wall near the Protestant church excavated in 1906 are interpreted as the remains of a Roman watchtower. However, there are no individual Roman finds.
The medieval beginnings of the place are unclear. The name of the village is derived from a field name. " Degel " means " gray or blue, fertile clay ". The question of whether Degenfeld has already been settled by the Alamanni also remains unresolved . Further east of today's village, in a meadow above the confluence of the Glasklinge and Schweintal, is the field name “ Buittingen ”. The name could indicate a former place that was lost here.
Middle Ages and Modern Times
An "Ůl [ricus] de Degenvelt miles" is the first written reference to the place in 1270 when this witness stood for a foundation. As early as 1275, the church ( "Tegenuelt" ) in the Geislingen deanery is listed in a directory of the Diocese of Constance .
From the last quarter of the 14th century, the place was divided into two parts. On the right of the Lauter ruled the Lords of Degenfeld , who also held the church patronage , on the left of the Lauter the place was subject to the rule of Rechberg-Weißenstein . Because of the division there were, for example, two office buildings in the small town.
In 1456, the Degenfelder moved their residence to the newly acquired Eybach Castle near Geislingen.
In 1597 Christoph von Degenfeld sold his shares in the place including church patronage for 17,500 guilders to Duke Friedrich von Württemberg , who allocated it to the monastery office in Königsbronn . Württemberg pushed through the Reformation in its rulership , which manifested an additional division in the place.
19th century
In 1806 the Rechberg part also fell to Württemberg , which ended the division of the village in 1809 by establishing the independent municipality of Degenfeld in the Oberamt Gmünd . For a short time, Nenningen belonged to Degenfeld before it fell to the Oberamt Geislingen in 1810 .
Although the place was off important traffic routes and the population hardly grew - from the early 19th century to the beginning of the Second World War the number was fairly constant at around 300 inhabitants - Degenfeld was one of the wealthy places in the Oberamt.
20th century
The Catholic Church was built in 1934/35 .
On April 16, 1945, Allied air raids destroyed the Hornberg air camp and the huts on the cold field. Tank barriers were erected at the Furtle Pass and at the town exits in the direction of Schwäbisch Gmünd and Weißenstein. Due to its importance for the ascent of the Alb, the site was to be defended by a small unit of the Wehrmacht and Volkssturm . The Schwäbisch Gmünd district leadership stayed briefly in Degenfeld during their escape and left the community shortly after the units of the Wehrmacht on April 24, 1945. The population then opened the anti-tank barriers, and the place was occupied by US armored troops on the evening of the same day occupied without a fight. Except for minor skirmishes with so-called werewolves , Degenfeld's occupation was quiet.
After 1945, the small community had to take in 131 displaced persons , most of whom came from the Sudetenland . Among them was the future mayor of the place, Libor Steppan .
In 1955 the municipality Degenfeld requested On the My Dung from the district Schwabisch Gmund to the district Göppingen join. The district council and district council unanimously rejected the request because the district u. a. raised considerable costs for infrastructure measures for the glider camp on the Hornberg . A referendum did not result in a clear decision, whereupon the municipality withdrew the motion.
Incorporation to Schwäbisch Gmünd
According to the interior ministry's planning for the territorial reform around 1970 , Degenfeld was originally to be spun off from the Schwäbisch Gmünd district and, together with the Nenningen community and the town of Weißenstein, should form a new administrative unit within the Göppingen district; this plan met with approval in Degenfeld. Because more residents commuted to the lower Lauter valley and the subsequent Filstal than to the Remstal . In addition, Degenfeld, Nenningen and Weißenstein formed the wastewater association "Upper Lautertal" since 1964, and the Degenfeld schoolchildren attended the secondary schools in Nenningen and Weißenstein and, since 1966, the elementary school in Weißenstein; In Weißenstein the construction of a further secondary school was planned for the three communities.
When it was foreseeable that this planned new building below Weißenstein had no prospect of approval, Degenfeld contacted the city of Schwäbisch Gmünd in February 1970. The local council showed interest in incorporating Degenfeld. The town of Weißenstein, supported by the Göppingen district office, and the community of Waldstetten also expressed interest.
At a citizens' meeting on April 4, 1970, the then Lord Mayor of Schwäbisch Gmünd, Norbert Schoch , won the Degenfelder for his municipality through promises to promote tourism and the expansion of the infrastructure; Degenfeld's mayor Libor Steppan had already rejected incorporation into Waldstetten in advance. Just two days later, the local council unanimously decided to hold a public hearing on the subject.
The mayor of Weißenstein and the district administrator of Göppingen also tried, like the mayor of Schwäbisch Gmünd, to influence the sword fields in their favor at meetings.
On May 10, 1970, with a turnout of 88.1%, 197 citizens voted for incorporation into Schwäbisch Gmünd, 67 were against, and three votes were invalid. The fact that the regional council hesitated to approve the incorporation was a hindrance to the negotiation of the incorporation contract. It wanted to be incorporated into the district of Göppingen and therefore saw Degenfeld's wish to be incorporated as an undesirable precedent . Representatives of the Ministry of the Interior and District President Friedrich Roemer tried in July 1970 on site to change the Degenfelder's mind.
After the municipal councils of Schwäbisch Gmünd and Degenfeld each unanimously approved the incorporation contract on July 23 and 27, 1970, the regional council approved the incorporation of Degenfeld into Schwäbisch Gmünd by decree on November 13, 1970. It was carried out on January 1, 1971. Degenfeld is now the southernmost district of Schwäbisch Gmünd.
Population development
| year | Residents |
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| 1812 | 291 |
| 1834 | 302 |
| 1848 | 318 |
| 1867 | 300 |
| 1900 | 252 |
| 1939 | 306 |
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1945 | 365 |
| 1961 | 394 |
| 1970 | 411 |
| 1974 | 460 |
| 2004 | 489 |
| 2014 | 455 |
politics
Local council
The Ortschaftsrat Degen field consists of six members and was last elected at the municipal, 2014. All mandate holders belong to the Degenfeld list . Hans-Peter Wanasek (Degenfelder list) has been the mayor since July 28, 2014 . He is the successor to Angelika Wesner (Degenfelder List), who had been in office since October 1, 2009.
Mayor and local council before 1971
Before its incorporation, Degenfeld initially had six and later eight councilors, who were elected by the citizens in a secret ballot. The citizens' committee was also appointed to deal with important matters until 1918.
The mayor held the title of mayor before 1930 , then mayor . Until the 20th century, the mayors were initially elected for life, then only for 10 years. Degenfeld's last mayor, Libor Steppan , became the district's first mayor on January 1, 1971.
| Schultheiße and Mayor | Term of office |
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| Johannes Fuchs | 1810-1816 |
| Alois Aubele | 1816-1824 |
| Bernhard Schmid | 1824-1832 |
| Johannes Weitmann | 1832-1856 |
| Johannes Kaiser | 1856-1857 |
| Johannes Mak | 1858-1865 |
| Sebastian Geiger | 1865-1906 |
| Sebastian Binder | 1906-1938 |
| Friedrich Lang | 1938-1945 |
| Paul Aubele | 1945-1947 |
| Josef Nägele | 1948-1960 |
| Libor Steppan | 1960-1970 |
coat of arms
The Ministry of the Interior awarded the municipality its coat of arms on February 2, 1957. His blazon read: " Two crossed arrows in alternating colors above a blue shield base in a red and silver quartered shield ".
It showed that Degenfeld was the ancestral seat of the counts, the Count's Degenfeld coat of arms . The symbol, the crossed arrows, stood for the local saint Sebastian . The flag was white and red.
Like all coats of arms and flags of the formerly independent municipalities of Gmünd, the Degenfeld symbols ceased to exist as an official symbol with the incorporation on January 1, 1971.
The family coat of arms of the Counts of Degenfeld
Coat of arms of the community 1957–1971
Culture and sights
A number of hiking trails lead over the mountains around Degenfeld , which makes the place a popular destination. Due to the surrounding heights, Degenfeld is traditionally a winter sports area. As early as 1907 a ski hut was built on the Kalten Feld, in 1926 the Degenfeld ski jumps were inaugurated, which in 1927 hosted the first Swabian championships .
The community of Degenfeld, the Degenfeld Ski Club, the Schwäbisch Gmünd Ski Association and some private sponsors founded the United Ski Guild Kaltes Feld in 1963, which looked after four ski lifts and a chair lift on the Kalten Feld. Because of forecasts in the 1980s that there would no longer be any favorable winter for winter sports, all ski lifts except for the Winterhalde ski lift were dismantled. After the ski guild was dissolved in 2010, the Schwäbisch Gmünd snowshoe club took over the management of the lift.
There is a well-known glider airfield on the Hornberg plateau .
There are no visible traces of the medieval castle stable on the Ochsenberg spur of the Kalten Feld west of the village, a complex that was probably abandoned in the 15th century. The last remains of the wall were probably removed in 1811; the outer bailey zone is built over.
Religions
Catholic parish
The Catholic parish of Degenfeld has been part of the parish of St. Michael Weiler in the mountains since 2006 and thus also to the pastoral care unit Unterm Bernhardus in the dean's office in Ostalb . It has about 240 members.
The cornerstone of the Catholic parish church of Mariä Namen and St. Sebastian is a stone from the Bernhardus pilgrimage church, which was demolished in 1806 . After the foundation was laid in 1919, construction halted so that the church could not be consecrated until November 3, 1935. It was not until 1954 that the church got its three bells (Marienglocke, Sebastiansglocke and Josefsglocke). In 1997 an organ was added.
Evangelical parish
The Protestant parish church St. Sebastian and Walburga dates from the 12th century, it is mentioned on 4 September 1471 one in the parish church "Degenweld" securitized Ablassbrief .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The state road 1160 leads over the Furtlepass into the valley and through the village and has been renewed several times since 1960. As early as 1932/33, the Gmünd district association built the road from the Furtlepass to the Hornberg, and the Degenfeld community had to contribute to the cost of the property purchase.
Since 1933 a bus line has been connecting Weißenstein via Degenfeld with Schwäbisch Gmünd, which also has a stop on the Hornberg and the Furtle Pass. Today it is line 2 of the Gmünd city bus .
The community contributed to the construction of the Lautertal Railway in 1900/01 with an amount of 2,500 marks . Winter sports enthusiasts in particular came to the village via the Nenningen and Weißenstein stations on this branch line. In 1967 passenger traffic was stopped.
education
In 1936 the two denominational schools were merged, and the school stayed in town until 1966. Then the primary school students were taught in Weißenstein, the secondary school students in Nenningen and Weißenstein. School-age children have been attending the Uhland School in Bettringen since September 1971 . The district's kindergarten is now housed in the former schoolhouse.
The glider pilot school on the Hornberg was closed at the turn of the year 2010/11.
societies
The oldest association in the village is the Liederkranz Degenfeld , founded in 1901 , which offers four choirs a home.
The Degenfeld Ski Club has around 300 members. The club was founded on January 21, 1922 and brought several German title holders in the classic Nordic skiing sports such as B. Anna Rupprecht and with Stefanie Köhrer-Wamsler and Carina Vogt even two Olympic participants ( Cortina d'Ampezzo 1956 and Sotschi 2014 ). Carina Vogt was the first female ski jumper to win the gold medal at the Olympic Games in Sochi .
The Degenfeld leisure club, which is also part of Degenfeld , is based in neighboring Lauterstein.
Personalities
- Carina Vogt (* 1992) German ski jumper at SC Degenfeld; became the first female Olympic champion in ski jumping at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.
literature
- Richard Strobel: “ The art monuments of the city of Schwäbisch Gmünd, Volume IV: Churches and secular buildings outside the old town. Ortsteile ”, German Art Publishing House and State Monuments Office Baden-Württemberg, Munich and Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-422-06381-1 .
- Josef Seehofer: " Degenfeld in past and present ", published by the Schwäbisch Gmünd city archive in the Gmünder Hefte series of local history publications, No. 13, Einhorn-Verlag Eduard Dietenberger GmbH, Schwäbisch Gmünd 1978, ISBN 3-921703-22-0 .
- Mayor Josef Nägele: " Degenfeld, a Swabian ski village " in "Einhorn - Illustrated magazine to cultivate the idea of home and to promote tourism in the city and district of Schwäbisch Gmünd, No. 33" , Einhorn-Verlag Eduard Dietenberger, Schwäbisch Gmünd, February 1959, P. 22f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Geography according to the topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg North, cut-sheet cut map No. 7224 Schwäbisch Gmünd Süd.
- ↑ Seehofer, pp. 20f.
- ↑ Seehofer, p. 22.
- ↑ Strobel, p. 306.
- ↑ " Degenfeld " in " Einhorn 100/101. Anniversary book: Documentation Landkreis Schwäbisch Gmünd 1970 ", Eduard Dietenberger KG, Schwäbisch Gmünd 1970, p. 144.
- ↑ Albert Deibele : “ The end of the war in 1945 in the Schwäbisch Gmünd district ”, published by the Schwäbisch Gmünd city archive in the Gmünder Hefte volume 6 local history series, Schwäbisch Gmünd 1966.
- ↑ "Gmünder Stadt- und Verein-Chronik" in "einhorn - Illustrated magazine for cultivating the homeland idea and promoting tourism in the city and district of Schwäbisch Gmünd, No. 13" , Schwäbisch Gmünd, October 1955.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 455 .
- ^ Degenfeld local council .
- ↑ Richard Schall: "The official coats of arms and flags in the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd" in "einhorn - Illustrated magazine for cultivating the idea of home and promoting tourism in the city and district of Schwäbisch Gmünd, No. 33" , einhorn-Verlag Eduard Dietenberger, Schwäbisch Gmünd , February 1959, p. 22f.
- ↑ Seehofer, p. 50.
- ↑ Ernst Lämmle: “ From the Empire to the time of the world wars to the democratic republic. Schwäbisch Gmünd from 1945 to 1972 ”in“ History of the City of Schwäbisch Gmünd ”, published by the Schwäbisch Gmünd City Archives, Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-8062-0399-7 , p. 543.
- ↑ Winterhalde ski lift at www.sv-gmuend.de.
- ↑ Seehofer, p. 71f.
- ^ History of the Ski Club Degenfeld e. V.
