Birkendorf Castle

Birkendorf Castle
Creation time :	probably 12th century
Castle type :	Hilltop castle
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Standing position :	Noble Free, Ministeriale
Place:	Ühlingen-Birkendorf -Bühl
Geographical location	47 ° 45 '26.7 "  N , 8 ° 19' 20.5"  O Coordinates: 47 ° 45 '26.7 "  N , 8 ° 19' 20.5"  E
Height:	839  m above sea level NHN

The castle Birkesdorf is an Outbound hilltop castle on the 839  m above sea level. NHN high Bühl, a Muschelkalkanhöhe northeast of Birkendorf, a current district of the community of Ühlingen-Birkendorf in the district of Waldshut in Baden-Württemberg .

The first owner of the castle appeared in 1085, the noble Ita von Birkendorf ( Ida de Saxonia et de Birctorf ), who was an heir to Count Kuno von Öhningen . It is not certain whether she lived in the castle herself.

The castle was probably built in the 12th century by the Lords of Birkendorf, servants of the Barons of Krenkingen , who were occupied from the middle of the 12th century to the second half of the 15th century . In 1403 Erlawin von Birkendorf sold his goods in the village to Johann von Wolfurt . The Wolfurts then lived in Birkendorfer Castle. The church patronage originally belonged to the Lords of Roth, from whom it came to the Lords of Erzingen through inheritance in 1363 . The place itself came to the Lords of Erzingen through the Lords of Griessen . In 1483, Duke Siegmund lent the village of Birkendorf to Simon von Erzingen. In 1494 it came to the Counts of Lupfen through Heinrich von Erzingen . In 1612 Maximilian von Pappenheim sold the place to the St. Blasien Monastery and it became part of the Bonndorf Empire .

The castle was still inhabited at the beginning of the 15th century, was destroyed in the Thirty Years War and was mentioned as a ruin in the 18th century . The remains of the moat are said to have been preserved from the former castle . Despite its remote location, it was presumably closely connected to Bettmaringen and Wittlekofen by the nearby Steina crossings and is therefore one of the castles in the Steinatal .

literature

• Heinz Voellner: The castles and palaces between the Wutach Gorge and the Upper Rhine . 1975.
• Helmut Naumann: The donation of the Schluchsee estate to St. Blasien . In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , magazine volume, 1967.
• Eduard Hlawitschka : Investigations into the change of throne in the first half of the 11th century and the nobility history of southern Germany - At the same time clarifying research on "Kuno von Öhningen" series: Lectures and research - special volumes, volume 35 / edited by the Konstanz working group for medieval history , Jan Thorbecke , Sigmaringen 1987, ISBN 3-7995-6695-3 .
• Johann Wilhelm Braun (edit.): Document book of the monastery Sankt Blasien in the Black Forest. From the beginning to the year 1299. Part I: Edition; Part II: Introduction, directories, registers, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-17-017985-3 . (= Publications of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg : Series A, Sources; Volume 23)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Carl Georg Dümgé : Regesta Badensia. P. 127 document 78; ZGORh. Vol. 7, p. 531.
2. ↑ According to the latest research, the named Ita von Birkendorf is identical to Ida von Elsdorf. She is therefore the daughter of Gertrud von Braunschweig (but not from her marriage to Liudolf von Friesland ). Her mother Gertrud was the daughter of Gisela von Schwaben and Brun I. von Braunschweig . Gisela, in turn, was the daughter of Duke Hermann II of Swabia . Thus Ita was the great-granddaughter of Duke Hermann II of Swabia and great-great-granddaughter of Konrad .
3. ↑ Helmut Maurer : The land between the Black Forest and Randen. P. 137 f.
4. ↑ Birkendorf at leo-bw.de