Iburg (Görwihl)

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Iburg
Remains of the keep

Remains of the keep

Alternative name (s): Rihburg, Riburg
Creation time : 1200 to 1300
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Wall remains
Standing position : Noble lords of Steinbach
Place: Görwihl -iefenstein
Geographical location 47 ° 37 '59.9 "  N , 8 ° 5' 48.5"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 37 '59.9 "  N , 8 ° 5' 48.5"  E
Height: 520  m above sea level NN
Iburg (Baden-Wuerttemberg)
Iburg

The Iburg , also known as Rihburg or Riburg , is the ruin of a spur castle in the Alb valley 300 meters from Hof ​​Tiefenstein above the Tiefenstein district of the municipality of Görwihl in the Waldshut district in Baden-Württemberg . The castle lies on the mark of the former municipality of Buch .

investment

The Spornburg lies at 520  m above sea level. NN high rock spur about 500 meters west of Steinbach on the left bank of the Alb , about one kilometer upstream from Tiefenstein Castle. The castle had a keep with a round tower built in front on a base area of ​​7 by 12 meters and a wall thickness of 1.3 meters. Remnants of the wall of the round tower are still preserved from the former castle. Metz suspects that it is not a round tower, but a cistern for a roof well that was attached to a residential tower . According to him, the complex had a front and a main castle .

history

The hill fort was probably built between the 10th or 11th century. The name Iburg is possibly derived from " Fliehburg ", but more likely from " yew ". Such places were already used by the first Alamanni who penetrated as far as the Rhine in order to bring families and their belongings to safety in the event of danger. Most of the time, heights were preferred that drop steeply on several sides in order to limit the enemy attack to one direction, as is the case with the Iburg. An old path led from the castle to the nearby Steinbach settlement. Ebner (1950) therefore concludes that the castle was probably the seat of the von Steinbach family. The nobles mentioned in a document: Johann von Steinbach 1341 and 1350, Turingus 1380 and another Johann von Steinbach in 1492. The Lords of Urberg can also be considered as possible builders of the complex . After the destruction of Tiefenstein Castle in 1272 and the loss of power of this family of the same name, the Iburg was probably abandoned. Large parts of the castle were removed as building material during the construction of Albtalstrasse from 1854 to 1863. The northern part of the castle hill was destroyed.

A protective wall, the so-called Landhag, runs near the facility. Mone describes this, the construction of which he attributes to Valentinian I in the period between 368 and 374, as follows: " This Landhag near Säckingen begins on the left bank of the Wehra near Öflingen and extends from there over the Heidenwühre stream towards the east to the village of Wieladingen up to the Murg , where it ends. Then he starts again at Steinbach in the Alps , going from there to the mountain ridge above the courtyard gate, where he called Steinweg (Stiegstraße?), to the northeast to Aisperg. "This remains to be investigated whether this fortification, which stretched parallel to the Alb in large parts, was actually built at that time and, if so, whether it actually belongs to the Romans and not to the Alemanni tribe of the Lentiens , who lived there .

  • Remnants of the wall round tower

  • Residential building wall remnants

  • Retaining wall - residential building

literature

  • Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages. Floor plan lexicon . Weidlich / Flechsig. Würzburg 1994. ISBN 3-8035-1372-3
  • Jakob Ebner: History of the localities of the parish Birndorf
  • Rudolf Metz: Geological regional studies of the Hotzenwald , 1980, ISBN 3-7946-0174-2
  • Franz Xaver Kraus (ed.): The art monuments of the Waldshut district . Mohr, Freiburg im Breisgau 1892 ( The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden . Volume 3), pp. 120–121 ( online ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ R. Metz, Geologische Landeskunde des Hotzenwalds, Fig. 369, p. 805
  2. ↑ ulius Cramer: The history of the Alemanni as a Gau story. Marcus, Breslau 1899. Reprint Scientia, Aalen 1971, ISBN 978-3511040574 .
  3. ↑ cf. Metz, p. 807
  4. ^ Franz Joseph Mone: Urgeschichte des Badischen Land, Volume I., p. 11