Horheim

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Horheim
community Wutoeschingen
Former municipal coat of arms of Horheim
Coordinates: 47 ° 38 ′ 57 ″  N , 8 ° 20 ′ 53 ″  E
Height : 390 m
Residents : 1992  (June 30, 2011)
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 79793
Area code : 07746
Aerial photo of Horheim from January 31, 2015

The village of Horheim is a district of the municipality of Wutöschingen with 1992 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2011) in the district of Waldshut in Baden-Württemberg .

geography

Geographical location

Horheim is located on the eastern edge of the southern Black Forest (Black Forest roofing ) at 373  m above sea level. NN on the right bank of the Wutach , southwest of the core town of Wutöschingen. The Wutach was made economically viable in the Horheim district by building and maintaining weirs and the mill canal for grinding mills and turbines. At the canal in the direction of Wutöschingen there was still a “Maidlebad” and a “Bubenbad” in earlier years, which were located at the canal outlet into the Wutach.

structure

To Horheim belong the village Horheim, the Zinken Höfe (Horheimerhöfe, formerly Lütislo [1347]) and the Höfe Hölzlehof (Linsenbodenhof) and Löchlehof (Hofgut Dörneck).

history

Egon Gersbach recorded several stone axes from the early days , blades from finds between 1908 and 1940, some of them to me “Location: Formerly Priv.-Coll. F. Maurer, Horheim “. A late Roman onion button fibula near Horheim was found in the later century

The name ending to “Lütisloh” (= Horheimer Höfe) with the suffix -lôh seems to be of Alemannic origin . This corresponds to the remote location from the Wutach, while the name ending -heim speaks for the establishment of a settlement in the course of the Frankish conquest . As “Heim am Sumpf” (“Hor”) the place got its name after the subjugation of the Alamanni by the Franconian Merovingians in the 6th or 7th century.

Secure written sources for the place names only existed from the late Middle Ages . The first written mention of the place name "Horheim" comes from 1303, from "Lütisloh" from 1307.

“The village is mentioned in a document in 1315 as Horhain. It was called Horhan in 1433 and Harhaim in 1601. "

Rule of Wutental

Horheim and Lütisloh ( yards ) Wutoeschingen and Schwerzen belonged to Wutenamt also Wuottendal whose districts partly the Klettgau , partly the Alpgau belonged. The Wutenamt was administered by the large Meierhöfen (Lütisloh, Berauer Hof from 1722, canceled in May 2013). The Wutenamt did not have its own office building.

The entire Klettgau was once owned by the Lords of Krenkingen . At that time, the largest part of the current area was in the ecclesiastical possession of the Berau monastery , the organizational center of which was the Dinghof Lütisloh. It was evidently mentioned in a dinghy toboggan for the year 1307. However, under Heinrich II von Krenkingen, the city founder of Tiengen, the decline of the family began.

In trouble with money, the Krenkingers sold the rule in 1361 to the lords of Hohenfels , who were resident in Linzgau , who they sold in 1410 to the nobles von Rumlang , who came from Zurichgau . Over this, the rule came in 1488 through purchase to the Counts of Lupfen , who trained the property into actual rule, whereupon the landgrave rule then appeared clearly in the documents for the first time.

After it died out in 1582, the rule came to the Reichsmarschalls von Pappenheim by inheritance. In 1603 Maximilian von Pappenheim , Landgrave of Stühlingen, sold the Wutental estate to Karl Ludwig zu Sulz and finally in 1639 to the Prince of Fürstenberg . In the 16th century, Horheim was the seat of a senior bailiff to whom the rule was subordinate. Just like Degernau , Horheim is an old pilgrimage site with the Antonius Chapel from 1687.

The Stühlingische Vogthaus, also known as the “Schlößle”, was built before 1691. The most famous Vogt was Hans Martin Büche, he came from the Berauer Hof. He was also a conductor for St. Blasien and owned 14 farms, a mill and extensive land holdings. Later, the “Rebstock” inn was in this house, now a private residence.

Several Jewish families lived in Horheim in the 17th and first half of the 18th century , who presumably belonged to the synagogue community of Stühlingen or Tiengen. In 1743 the Horheim Jews were expelled like those from Stühlingen.

19th century

Horheim was subject with all rights to the Fürstenberg Landgraviate of Stühlingen . After the early death of the Prince of Fürstenberg 1806, the country county was due to the Act of Confederation, in the wake of Reichsdeputationshauptschluss circuit mediates the Grand Duchy of Baden slammed that existed as a sovereign state to 1871st The place came in 1807 to the civil office of Stühlingen, which from 1809 was assigned to the Baden Danube District with its seat in Villingen. In 1813 Horheim was added to the civil office of Tiengen, from 1813 it was assigned to the Wiesenkreis and was abolished in 1819. Horheim then came to the Stühlingen District Office in 1819 and was its southernmost municipality. The district of Stühlingen was part of the Baden lake district.

At the beginning of the 19th century, plans were drawn up by the Baden engineer Johann Gottfried Tulla to contain and expand the Wutach, whose floods repeatedly inundated the valley and turned it into a swampy landscape with numerous river branches. The plans were only implemented after his death in 1837/39.

From 1826 to 1889, 32 people emigrated from Horheim, mainly for economic reasons. In 1844 the district “Im Thal” was destroyed by fire.

In 1857 the Stühlingen district office was abolished and assigned to the Bonndorf district office. From 1864 the Bonndorf district office was part of the Waldshut district.

20th century

Center of Horheim

After the First World War (1914-1918), in which the community lamented 17 war dead, it belonged to the Republic of Baden until 1933 . In 1924 the Bonndorf District Office was abolished and Horheim was assigned to the Waldshut District Office. From 1936 Horheim was an independent municipality in the district of Waldshut .

The local infrastructure still included many handicraft businesses, a shoemaker, a wagner who was both a corpse and coffin maker, a blacksmith's shop, a wagon shop, a painting shop, a saddlery, an upholstery shop and a pottery shop (Lenz pottery). At that time Horheim was popular as a place of pilgrimage. Many of the pilgrims visited this pottery after the pilgrimage service on Friday to buy pottery. In 1934 an educational film was even made in the Horheimer Hafnerei. At the beginning of the 1940s the company was closed. A group of young artists tried to revive it around 1948, but gave up after just two years.

After the Second World War (1939-1945) the predominantly agricultural Horheim was occupied by the French and thus part of the French occupation zone . From 1945/46, the community was assigned to Südbaden , which was opened up in 1952 in what is now the state of Baden-Württemberg . In the post-war years, Horheim gained more residents through new construction; Families with children settled down.

In the course of the municipal reform in Baden-Württemberg , the previously independent municipality of Horheim was incorporated into Wutöschingen with effect from January 1, 1975.

Population development

The population development of Horheim:

date Residents
1817 403
1848 564
1933 524
1939 613
1961 887
1970 1267

politics

mayor

  • 1904–1933: Josef Schey
  • 1934–1941: Emil Maier
  • Josef Gamp (acting)
  • Martin Wissmann (acting)
  • from 1945: Josef Gantert (acting)
  • from 1948: Karl Weissenberger
  • until 1974: Horst Albicker

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the formerly independent community of Horheim shows in red with a blue-silver cloud border (derived from the Fürstenberg coat of arms), two diagonally crossed golden keys with the beards turned upwards and outwards, which represent the symbol of the former Vogt family.

Partnership connection

For a long time there have been partnerships between the Horrheim district , Vaihingen an der Enz , and the Horheim district. The contacts of the local council at the time with Kurt Büche and Klaus Bramm from Horrheim were initiated.

Culture and sights

Buildings

  • The Antoniuskapelle is a Catholic pilgrimage chapel in the middle of Horheim: In the 17th century, every house in Horheim was farmed and this ensured the maintenance of the families. In 1687, when the Margaretenkapelle , which was part of the “Kapellenäcker und Kapellenackerreben”, was demolished or shortly before the completion of the new chapel of the Antoniuskapelle , Horheim and the region suffered a devastating cattle epidemic. “From the Wutach and Steinatal valleys and further on to beyond Waldshut”, numerous pilgrims came to Horheim out of gratitude to look for St. Anthony and to pray about the bitter suffering and death of the Lord. The people of Horheim therefore chose Antonius the Hermit as the protector of domestic animals as the main patron of their new building, financed by many donations, as a replacement for the St. Margaret's Chapel, which was demolished in 1687 . In the same year 1687 the order to build an altar was placed. The carpenter Adam Braun from Mauchen received the order that emerges from the invoice . In 1695 the chapel was consecrated by the auxiliary bishop of Konstanz. In 1846, the Horheim community submitted the second application to the Freiburg Ordinariate to set up its own parish. The existing fixed bridge over the Wutach to Schwerzen was again the reason for the rejection. The ordinariate wanted to preserve the ecclesiastical community with great emphasis. After all, the chaplain at the time, Basler, was given permission to hold "early church services" on Sundays in Horheim. Over time, all farms have disappeared from the village. Agriculture is only implemented in the “courtyards” and the resettlers' farms. The chapel has been rebuilt and renovated several times since it was built: the neo-Gothic altar in the nave was made by the sculptor Josef Eberle from Überlingen and delivered in 1896. The statue of Saint Anthony above the tabernacle integrated in the altar is a remarkable achievement. In 1897 an organ was installed by the Mönch Orgelbau company . In 1957 there were new windows and in 1962 a new roof. In the course of the village development, the building was completely renovated outside in 1991 and inside in 1994. Thanks to a private donation, the chapel received a loudspeaker system. The redesign of the center of the village of Horheim enabled the chapel to be integrated and represents an impressive structure for those arriving at the entrance to Horheim.
  • With the construction of the chapel, a great willingness to donate began, which led to the ecclesiastical history of Horheim finding its way: the history of the ecclesiastical community was associated with the name Büche. Johannes Büche had set up a scholarship so that the chaplain in the middle of the village was always manned. The statue of Nepomuk on the village square bears the initials HMB from his son Hans Martin Büche and his wife MB and the year 1760. Today the parishes of Horheim and Schwerzen are united to form a "pastoral community" and form a unit.
  • There is also the small Dorneck chapel built in 1805 by the forester Johann Baptist Vogelsang . It was fully restored in 1988.
  • The school and town hall building in Bergstrasse, which was built in 1905, has served mainly as a club house with an event and adult education center (VHS) and youth music school since the Auwiesenschule went into operation. Due to the poor structure of the building in 2003/04, the historic building was rebuilt and renovated. Inside, the old wooden panels were stripped of thick layers of paint and a storage facility was converted into a training and multi-purpose room with new dormers, visible roof structures and parquet floors. The facade was designed in a strong red color. Existing facade murals that were implemented and realized by local artist Ulrich Christoph Eipper with school children have been repainted by an artist after the full thermal insulation was applied.

Regular events

  • The pilgrimage to the Antonius Chapel is an integral part of the Horheim church year: it was always only of local importance. With the decline in agriculture, pilgrimages have also declined, but on the feast in honor of St. Anthony, on January 17th, many believers still come to Horheim and from the surrounding area and celebrate the “Great Pilgrimage Day”. The feast of the pilgrimage on Antoniustag used to be a public holiday in Horheim.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

View from the Steig above Schwerzen over Willmendingen Castle towards the Horheim industrial area with the Alfer company

Horheim is on the federal road 314 , the former Waldshut – Stühlingen road. Horheim station was formerly west of the town center and was a stop on the Wutach Valley Railway . The section of the Wutach Valley Railway between Lauchringen via Horheim to Immendingen on the young Danube was completed in several stages between 1875 and 1890. Until 1978 Horheim had its own train station with a freight hall. Today only the Bahnhofstrasse reminds of him.

education

In Horheim there has been a kindergarten since 1958 and the elementary school newly built in 1996 (Refugee School Horheim-Schwerzen).

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Gregor Leu (* 1696 in Horheim, † 1730), Benedictine priest and philosophy professor at Rheinau Abbey
  • Roland Rudigier (* 1942, † 2012), toolmaker, music teacher and conductor, long-time member of the Fricktaler Musikanten

Personalities who have worked on site

  • Johann Peter Leu (†), Princely Fürstenberg Chamber Councilor
  • Johannes Büche (†), Vogt in Horheim
  • Hans Martin Büche (†), Princely Fürstenberg Vogt in Horheim
  • Kurt Büche (* 1922 in Freiburg, † 2017 in Horheim), local politician, holder of the Medal of Honor of the State of Baden-Württemberg and the Baden-Württemberg Community Day, the Medal of Honor of the Wutöschingen community and the Federal Cross of Merit on ribbon in 1997.
  • Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus (1838–1900), chemist
  • Hans Ruppaner (1927–2010), former rector. D., local politician, choir director, local history researcher, photographer, cultural organizer and holder of the Federal Cross of Merit

Remarks

  1. ↑ According to other information, the altar dates from 1898.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population figures . In: Official Journal of the Municipality of Wutöschingen, 28/2011 (PDF; 702 kB), from July 14, 2011, p. 2.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h Gerd Scheuble: “In the earlier Horheim everyone knew everyone” . In: Südkurier of September 13, 2003
  3. ↑ See Wutöschingen administration area . In: The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI: Freiburg administrative region. ed. from D. Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 . Pp. 1046-1049.
  4. ↑ Egon Gersbach : Prehistory of the High Rhine. Finds and sites in the districts of Säckingen and Waldshut. (Catalog volume), Baden Fund reports. Special issue 11, Ed .: State Office for Pre- and Early History Freiburg and State Office for Monument Preservation, Dept. Pre- and Early History, Karlsruhe. Freiburg 1969, p. 144.
  5. ↑ Costume of the Alemanni in late antiquity . In: Hildegard Temporini, Wolfgang Haase: Rise and decline of the Roman world: History and culture of Rome as reflected in recent research . Berlin, New York; de Gruyter, 1985, ISBN 3-11-009519-X , p. 495f. i. V. m. P. 544.
  6. ↑ Cf. Anton Birlinger: Alemannia, magazine for language, literature and folklore of Alsace, Upper Rhine and Swabia , volumes 10-12, 1882, Society for the transport of the historical, Breisgau and the neighboring landscapes, Freiburg i. B, Landesverein Badische Heimat, p. 246.
  7. ^ Home book for the district of Waldshut , Ed .: WH Mayer, Waldshut 1926, p. 170.
  8. ↑ (va): Farewell to the noble insignia . In: Südkurier of October 10, 2002
  9. ↑ Südkurier: Schöne Heimat am Hochrhein , pictures of people and their work, 1967, pp. 40–42
  10. ↑ Paul Eisenbeis: From the rise and fall of the barons . In: Südkurier from October 15, 2009
  11. ↑ See Journal for the History of the Upper Rhine, Volume 22, 1869, pp. 128ff.
  12. ^ Joachim Hahn : Memories and testimonies of Jewish history in Baden-Württemberg , Commission for historical regional studies in Baden-Württemberg, Ministry of the Interior Baden-Württemberg, Theiss Verlag, 1988, ISBN 3-8062-0566-3 , p. 560.
  13. ↑ Hans Ruppaner: emigration in the 19th century . In: Wutöschingen - then and now .
  14. ^ Gerd Scheuble: New future in other countries . In: Südkurier of 23 August 2007 i. V. m. Emigrants . In: Südkurier of 23 August 2007
  15. ↑ Edelgard Bernauer (sbe): As the Hafner craft still flourished . In: Südkurier of October 17, 2002
  16. ^ Rainer Günzel: Kindergarten celebrates 50th birthday . In: Südkurier from June 6, 2008
  17. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 524 .
  18. ^ Werner Günzel (lez): Guests from the Swabian region. In: Südkurier of May 12, 2007
  19. ↑ a b c d Werner Günzel (lez): Pilgrimage to St. Antonius . In: Südkurier from January 10, 2009
  20. ↑ a b c d e f g h Werner Günzel (lez): Pilgrimage to the chapel . In: Südkurier from January 15, 2010
  21. ↑ a b c d e f Werner Günzel (lez): Commemoration of the patron saint . In: Südkurier from January 16, 2003
  22. ↑ a b c Werner Günzel (lez): Pilgrimage to the chapel . In: Südkurier from January 16, 2008
  23. ↑ See Wutöschingen - then and now
  24. ↑ See Wutöschingen - then and now
  25. ^ Südkurier : Great mourning for Kurt Büche from November 27, 2017. [1] . Accessed April 6, 2020.
  26. ↑ Werner Günzel (lez): A friend of the clubs . In: Südkurier of February 17, 2007
  27. ↑ Death of Hans Ruppaner a heavy loss . In: Südkurier of October 26, 2010

literature

  • Wutöschingen - then and now, The reading book: Degernau, Horheim, Ofteringen, Schwerzen, Wutöschingen . Wutöschingen municipality (ed.), 2006.
  • Parish of St. Johannes d. T. Schwerzen . Parish of St. Johannes, Schwerzen (ed.), 1992.

Web links