Adolf Claus

Adolf Carl Ludwig Claus (born June 6, 1838 in Kassel ; † May 4, 1900 in Horheim ) was a German chemist who was the first to propose a hexagonal structural formula with crossed valences for benzene .

Life

Historical proposed structure (diagonal formula) for benzene

His parents were the Münzwardein Heinrich Claus and Charlotte, geb. Judge. His brother was the zoologist Carl Claus (1835-1899).

Claus attended high school in his hometown Kassel and initially studied medicine at the University of Marburg . In 1859 he became a member of the Corps Teutonia Marburg . He switched to chemistry as a student of Hermann Kolbe and received his doctorate as an academic student of Friedrich Wöhler . In 1867 he became associate professor and in 1876 full professor of chemistry and technology at the University of Freiburg im Breisgau , of which he was dean in 1881/82.

Claus conducted research in the field of heterocycles , mainly on quinoline derivatives and fused ring systems such as naphthalene , anthracene and phenanthrene . During the debate about the structure of benzene at the time, he first used a hexagonal structure of the molecule. In 1867 he proposed a diagonal formula in which the ring atoms also had bridge bonds:

In 1900 he died at the age of 60 on his estate in Horheim.

Fonts

Theoretical considerations and their applications to the systematics of organic chemistry. Freiburg 1866.
The main features of the modern theory of organic chemistry. Freiburg 1871.

literature

Berthold Peter Anft: Claus, Adolf. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 268 f. ( Digitized version ).
Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus , in: Badische Biographien . V. part . Heidelberg 1906, pp. 101-103 ( digitized version )

Web links

University of Freiburg, inventory B 38, Philosophical Faculty, 1460–1935 (PDF file; 463 kB)
Nekrolog von GN Vis: Adolf Claus In: Journal für Praktische Chemie 62 , 127-133 (1900) doi : 10.1002 / prac.19000620106

Individual evidence

↑ date of death according to Obituary May 4, 1900 Journal for Practical Chemistry 62 , 127-133 (1900) and Reports of the German Chemical Society 33 , 1421-1423 (1900).
^ Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus , in: Badische Biographien . V. part . Heidelberg 1906, pp. 101-103 ( digitized version ).
↑ Kösener Corps lists 1910, 166 , 374.
^ Wissenschaft-Online-Lexika: Entry on Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus in the Lexikon der Biologie. Retrieved June 20, 2009.
↑ Heinrich Hirzel, Heinrich Friedrich Gretschel, Gustav Martin miracle: Yearbook of inventions and advances in the fields of physics, chemistry and chemical technology, astronomy and meteorology. Volume 37, 1901.

personal data
SURNAME	Claus, Adolf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Claus, Adolph; Claus, Adolf Karl Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH	June 6, 1838
PLACE OF BIRTH	kassel
DATE OF DEATH	May 4th 1900
Place of death	Horheim

[1] te of death according to Obituary May 4, 1900 Journal for Practical Chemistry 62 , 127-133 (1900) and Reports of the German Chemical Society 33 , 1421-1423 (1900).

[2] Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus , in: Badische Biographien . V. part . Heidelberg 1906, pp. 101-103 ( digitized version ).

[3] Kösener Corps lists 1910, 166 , 374.

[4] Wissenschaft-Online-Lexika: Entry on Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus in the Lexikon der Biologie. Retrieved June 20, 2009.

[5] Heinrich Hirzel, Heinrich Friedrich Gretschel, Gustav Martin miracle: Yearbook of inventions and advances in the fields of physics, chemistry and chemical technology, astronomy and meteorology. Volume 37, 1901.