Höchenschwand

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 47 ° 44 '  N , 8 ° 10'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Freiburg
County :	Waldshut
Height :	1015 m above sea level NHN
Area :	29.55 km 2
Residents:	2669 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	90 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	79862
Primaries :	07672, 07755
License plate :	WT
Community key :	08 3 37 051
Address of the municipal administration:	Waldshuter Strasse 2 79862 Höchenschwand
Website :	hoechenschwand.de
Mayor :	Sebastian Stiegeler
Location of the community of Höchenschwand in the district of Waldshut

View to Urberg

Höchenschwand on an aerial photo from January 31, 2015

Höchenschwand is a municipality in the Waldshut district in Baden-Württemberg .

geography

Church of St. Michael in Höchenschwand

former town hall in Höchenschwand

Geographical location

The health resort Höchenschwand lies in the southern high Black Forest on the B 500 about 20 kilometers north of the district town Waldshut-Tiengen on a slightly inclined to the south plateau in the southern Black Forest . The place is known for the extensive alpine panorama here, especially when the foehn is located .

Neighboring communities

The community borders in the north on houses , in the east on Schluchsee and Ühlingen-Birkendorf , in the south on Weilheim and in the west on the city of St. Blasien .

Community structure

The municipality of Höchenschwand, with the formerly independent municipalities of Amrigschwand and Tiefenhäusern, includes eleven villages, farms and houses. The villages of Amrigschwand, Attlisberg, Ellmenegg, Segalen and Strittberg, the homestead Leinegg (Scheuerhof) and the houses Steinreusche belong to the former municipality of Amrigschwand. Before the community reform in the 1970s, the village of Höchenschwand belonged to the municipality of Höchenschwand. The villages of Tiefenhäusern, Frohnschwand, Heppenschwand, Oberweschnegg and Unterweschnegg belong to the former municipality of Tiefenhäusern.

In the municipality of Höchenschwand in the borders of before the congregation reform of the 1970s, are deserted villages Heide lock and Leinegg and Outbound Castle Tombrugg. One of the oldest castles in the Albgau .

history

The history of Höchenschwand and the districts is very different. And is therefore listed individually.

Höchenschwand

Höchenschwand was first mentioned in a document in 1158. At that time, Höchenschwand was still called "Hachinsvanda" . Today Hachinsvanda can be translated as Hachos Schwandung. Brother Hacho was the first settler in Höchenschwand. He "disappeared" (Alemannic word for clearing ) the Black Forest mountain and made it habitable. The first abbot of the St. Blasien monastery was Abbot Beringer , who was born in Höchenschwand around the turn of the millennium. Abbot Beringer received the high valleys of Bernau and Menzenschwand from Emperor Otto II in 983 , as well as the Bailiwicks of Blasiwald , Urberg and Höchenschwand. These areas were called " Zwing und Bann ".

1158 was by Bishop Gebhard III. consecrated the "Ecclesiae z Hachinsvande" by Konstanz and Abbot Uto of St. Blasien

1254 the ore house of Habsburg takes over the monastery bailiwick of St. Blasien. Höchenschwand remained in front of Austria until secularization .

Until 1330, St. Blasier monks operated 4 brother farms. In 1330 the brothers retired to monasteries and the farms were given to free farmers as inheritance.

In 1440 the Tafernhof "zum Ochsen", today's Kurhaus, was first mentioned in a document. The ox was the social center of the bailiwick and the union Höchenschwand.

1450 The pilgrimage to the Mother of Sorrows of Höchenschwand in the parish church of St. Michael begins.

1596 census. In Höchenschwand there were ten houses with 14 defensive men.

In 1648 all the localities of today's total municipality of Höchenschwand are combined to form the parish of Höchenschwand.

1659 Expansion of the parish church in Höchenschwand.

In 1681, after a lightning strike, the church tower burned down completely and was rebuilt within 2 years. The tower built there remains almost unchanged to this day. The year 1683 can be read from below on one of the windows on the tower.

1752 first mention of a teacher in Höchenschwand.

1780 Construction of the Klosterweg, the predecessor of the B500, by Prince Abbot Martin Gerbert from St. Blasien via Höchenschwand, Waldkirch to Waldshut .

In 1781 the author and bookseller Friedrich Nikolai passed through , mentioned Höchenschwand with praise and spoke of happy, healthy farmers.

1806 secularization . Höchenschwand comes to the Grand Duchy of Baden . After the Napoleonic Wars , there was great uncertainty and poverty in Höchenschwand. The old system had collapsed, war and famine hit the population.

In 1850, during the industrial revolution , agriculture and old handicrafts such as nail smiths , house weavers , Harzers and saltpeters could no longer feed the population. In response to the impoverishment of the population, Grand Duke Leopold von Baden initiated the construction of a straw weaving school in Höchenschwand, from which the Höchenschwand straw hat factory was established in 1866. With her the prosperity began in Höchenschwand. At peak times, especially in winter, the straw hat factory employed over 500 people.

In 1870 the first stagecoaches with a fixed timetable drove from Waldshut via Höchenschwand to St. Blasien and back. With the location and the conversion of the Gasthaus zum Ochsen into the Hotel Höchenschwand, tourism began in Höchenschwand. Several wine taverns and pensions were established in a very short time.

1876 ​​Höchenschwand is promoted to a climatic health resort and the Hotel Höchenschwand is converted into a spa hotel.

1893 Foundation stone laid for the new parish church by Grand Duke Friedrich I and Grand Duchess Luise von Baden .

1904 Power supply in Höchenschwand.

1910 First water pipe. The Kurhotel Höchenschwand burned out completely and was rebuilt in 1912.

1918 famine in Höchenschwand after the First World War. That year the straw hat factory closed.

1919 The Kurhaus Höchenschwand gets under Dr. Wilhelm Bettinger has his own medical department.

1932 Conversion of the straw hat factory to the Sonnenhof ophthalmic clinic under Dr. Bettinger and the new head of the spa hotel, Bernhard Porten.

1939 Höchenschwand becomes a climatic health resort .

1945 End of the Second World War: Lamentation of many dead and occupation by the French.

From 1950 Höchenschwand became a very well-known health resort far beyond the national borders.

Amrigschwand and Tiefenhäuser

The former communities Amrigschwand and Tiefenhäusern together with the towns of Immeneich, Niedermühle, Unterkutterau, Brunnadern and Aisperg formed the union of Höchenschwand in the county of Hauenstein .

894 first written mention of Tiefenhäuser. Like Tombrugg Castle, Tiefenhäusern belonged to St. Gallen Monastery in the earliest times .

Between 1065 and 1328 all localities were first mentioned in a document

1154 Takeover of the Lower Albgau by the House of Habsburg . The Höchenschwander Berg Hauensteinisch remained Austrian until secularization .

1328 First mention of the Neumühle. The Neumühle was the only flour mill in the Höchenschwand unification. It existed until 1932

1468 The confederates wanted to penetrate into the union Höchenschwand, but were stopped by the Landesletze (border fortification) between Brunnadern and Rementschwiel. At the last, the Hauensteiners fought against the Confederates. The last one held until the betrayal of one of the defenders, so that the Swiss could break a breach. The Hauensteiners surrendered and were able to escape looting and pillage.

1703 Construction of the Johannes Baptist Beheading Chapel on the Herpelfeld near Tiefenhäuser. Here the gallows stood for the unity of Höchenschwand

1728–1730 first saltpetre riots , in which the population of unification participated. Rebellion against the monastery of St. Blasien

1739 The Hauensteiner buyers from the monastery of St Blasien. Abolition of serfdom on the mountain. Execution of Dorfmeiers Jakob Leber as an example against the rebellion of the Hauensteiners.

1745 Second saltpetre riots. Storming of Waldshut and Schacht near Etzwihl, which the Hauensteiners lost. Some Hauensteiners then had to emigrate to the Banat .

1755 Opening of the Adler in Amrigschwand

1767 Opening of the Rössle in Tiefenhäusern

1783 Opening of the Adler in Strittberg

1934 Formation of the Amrigschwand and Tiefenhäusern communities

July 1, 1971 Incorporation of Tiefenhäuser

October 1, 1974. Amrigschwand incorporated

Coats of arms of the formerly independent communities

Amrigschwand	Deep houses

politics

Administrative association

Höchenschwand is a member of the St. Blasien local authority association based in St. Blasien.

Municipal council

The municipality council in Höchenschwand has 12 members. It consists of the elected honorary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following final result.

Parties and constituencies		% 2019	Seats 2019	% 2014	Seats 2014	Local elections 2019  % 50 40 30th 20th 10 0 44.7% 33.0% 22.3% CDU BL SPD Gains and losses compared to 2014  % p    4th    2    0   -2   -4 -3.0  % p + 0.9  % p + 2.1  % p.p. CDU BL SPD
CDU	Christian Democratic Union of Germany	44.7	5	47.7	6th
BL	Citizens List (2014: Free Voters)	33.0	4th	32.1	4th
SPD	Social Democratic Party of Germany	22.3	3	20.2	2
total		100.0	12	100.0	12
voter turnout		62.4%		53.9%

Partnerships

Höchenschwand has had a partnership with the small French community of Arradon in Brittany since 1988 .

Attractions

1st prize in the straw sculpture competition 2015

Lady Chapel

• Höchenschwander Lamentation for Georg Petel in St. Michael
• Rothaus-Gäpfle-Turm Höchenschwand (51.3 meter high observation tower with climbing wall )
• Forest open-air swimming pool in Häuser-Höchenschwand
• Johanneskirche
• Lady Chapel
• Wolfs Information Center Baden-Württemberg

Museums

• Museum Malerhäusle Christian Gotthard Hirsch

Regular events

On the second weekend in August, the gourmet mile has been held annually on St.-Georg-Strasse in Höchenschwand since 1993. The 15th event of this kind in 2008 had some 1000 visitors.

A straw sculpture competition is held every two years. At least life-size sculptures with straw are made by the local associations and exhibited in the Frohnschwand district in autumn. The last competition took place in 2017.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

• Bernhard Porten sen. †, hotelier (appointed April 24, 1968)
• Wilhelm Hiener †, hotelier (appointed January 12, 1970)
• Eugen Schmidt †, businessman and mayor i. R. (appointed August 9, 1971)
• Christian-Gotthard-Hirsch †, painter (appointed April 24, 1974)
• Karl Rehm †, pastor (appointed February 20, 1978)
• Alfons Huber †, master carpenter and mayor i. R. (Appointed August 13, 1979)
• Alois Schäuble, businessman (appointed September 12, 1988)
• Werner Porten, Hotelier (appointed 1992)
• Werner Rautenberg, Mayor i. R. (appointed 2003)
• Ivan Hojanic, pastor in Höchenschwand (appointed January 16, 2015)
• Dr. med. Edwin Röhrauer, doctor in Höchenschwand (appointed January 12, 2020)

Personalities

• Beringer , prior from 934 and abbot from 946 to 974 in the monastery of St. Blasien
• Arnold II. , 1247 to 1276 abbot in the monastery of St. Blasien
• Ida Boy-Ed , (1852–1928), writer
• Paul Kaestner (1876–1936), lawyer, ministerial director and hymn poet, died in Höchenschwand
• Alfred Döblin (1878–1957), doctor and socially critical writer, visited a clinic in Höchenschwand in 1955
• Christian Gotthard Hirsch (1889–1977), landscape painter
• Karl Wurm (1906-2005), researcher for sarcoidosis and treating physicians in Höchenschwand
• Karlheinz Keller (1921–2012), lawyer, President of the Karlsruhe Higher Regional Court

literature

• Gisela Koch: Georg Petel: (1601 / 02–1634); two unknown early works from St. Michael in Höchenschwand in the Black Forest. Dissertation . KIT Scientific Publishing, 2010, ISBN 978-3-86644-592-5 . ( Digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D2zjHTgTmm1gC~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3Dfrontcover~double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D )
• Karl Beck, Die Chronik vom Höchenschwander Berg , 1990

Web links

Commons : Höchenschwand  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Höchenschwand  - travel guide

• Community website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI: Freiburg District Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 , pp. 1017-1019.
3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 506 and 523 .
4. ↑ Preliminary results of the 2019 municipal council elections at the State Statistical Office
5. ^ Johanneskirche Höchenschwand : view
6. ↑ Boris Burkhardt: Don't be afraid of the wolf. The Wolfs Information Center Baden-Württemberg is being built in Höchenschwand. In: Der Sonntag of June 25, 2017, p. 11.
7. ↑ Information on the website
8. ↑ Höchenschwand: A thoroughly tasteful festival . In: Badische Zeitung. August 16, 2011, accessed March 17, 2013.
9. ↑ Lothar Köpfer: Höchenschwand: Exquisite dishes to be pampered . In: Badische Zeitung. August 12, 2008, accessed March 17, 2013.
10. ↑ Straw sculptures / Höchenschwand / Places / Discover / Holidays in the Southern Black Forest / Homepage - Holidays in the Southern Black Forest. Retrieved October 15, 2015 . 
11. ↑ (kbl): An eventful history . In: Südkurier of December 2, 2010.
12. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Karl Beck: The Chronicle of the Höchenschwander mountain . Ed .: Karl Beck. 2nd edition 1990. Edition Isele, Eggingen 1990.
13. ↑ In memory. Accessed June 29, 2020 (German). 
14. ^ Stefan Pichler: Medal for Emil Kaiser . In: Südkurier. dated March 10, 2011.
15. ^ Municipality of Höchenschwand (ed.): Bulletin of Höchenschwand . No. 2 week 4, January 21, 2015.
16. ↑ Stefan Pichler: Höchenschwand has a new honorary citizen in Edwin Röhrauer. Südkurier Hochrhein, January 13, 2020, accessed on June 29, 2020 (German). 
17. ↑ alfred-doeblin.de: Chronicle , accessed on November 7, 2010.