Donaueschingen Castle

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Donaueschingen Castle

The castle Donaueschingen , even a prince Prince Bergisches Castle is a castle in the French style in the style of historicism in the town of Donaueschingen . It is surrounded by a castle park, on the north-western edge of which is the historic source of the Danube . The castle is owned by the Fürstenberg family and can be viewed during guided tours at certain times and rented for events.

history

In the 14th and 15th centuries there was already a permanent house here, which in 1292 was owned by a member of the Lords of Blumberg . The Fürstenbergers had already acquired Donaueschingen in 1488 and then gave up Entenburg Castle .

Around 1556, Count Friedrich II. Von Fürstenberg (1496–1559) commissioned the construction of a (much smaller) predecessor building on the site of today's palace. However, this building was built on weak foundations and remained unfinished for a long time until his son Heinrich completed the building and stayed here frequently after the Baar had come to him from his brothers. In his work Donaustrand, Sigmund von Birken depicts a view of the city with the old castle (around 1680).

The present castle was built around 1723 when Prince Joseph Wilhelm Ernst zu Fürstenberg (1699–1762) relocated the administration of the Stühlingen , Messkirch and Heiligenberg rulers to Donaueschingen. The rather sober, originally Baroque functional building was roughly the same size as it is today, four storeys high and provided with a mansard roof. Old illustrations (such as the one by Jakob Alt from 1824 and that by Wilhelm Scheuchzer from 1827) show it as a simple, but dignified and spacious building. In the vicinity of the castle, the Fürstlich Fürstenbergische Bibliothek was built between 1732 and 1735 , the brewery of the Fürstlich Fürstenbergische Brewery from 1705 to 1739 and the Fürstenbergisches Archiv between 1756 and 1763 .

On December 8, 1821, a fire incinerated the old western part of the castle with the St. Nicholas chapel and forced the young princely couple - Karl Egon II and his wife Amalie - to move to the later Karlshof until the burned down part of the castle was restored in 1828 dwell. This property in Josephstrasse had been bought shortly before by Major von Koller († December 5, 1834). After the burned-down parts had been removed, a classical ballroom was created on the 2nd floor based on a design by the Baden architect Friedrich Weinbrenner , which can be considered his last work.

The Karlsbau with the Princely Fürstenberg Collections was completed in 1868. Until then (1865) the collections were housed in the Upper Castle in Hüfingen (built from 1712 by Prince Froben Ferdinand zu Fürstenberg-Mößkirch).

From 1892 to 1896 the palace was redesigned inside and out in the Belle Époque style and given a dome by the Parisian architect Amand Louis Bauqué , who ran an architectural office in Vienna together with Albert Emilio Pio . At the central projection of the garden facade located above the Altan the coat of arms of the house Furstenberg and two ancient imperial busts that Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus represent and were purchased for this purpose in Rome 1895th Apart from a few modernization measures, this condition has been preserved to this day.

In 1894, Karl Egon IV zu Fürstenberg had the Stallegg river power station built to provide energy for the Fürstlich Fürstenbergische Brewery and for lighting the palace and palace gardens.

Interior

The neo-style design of the interiors and furnishings represent the time from the Renaissance to Régence and Rococo to Empire . The reception hall, which is illuminated by a skylight, is well worth seeing, which includes a wooden bench made around 1520 and owned by the Strozzi family, as well as a Florentine sandstone fireplace from around 1480. Both were purchased through the mediation of the art historian and Berlin museum director Wilhelm von Bode . The large and small salons, the dining room and the princess’s modern bathroom, which was amazing for the time, are also worth seeing. In 1763 the Mozart family came for a twelve-day visit, the ten-year-old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart composed a cello piece for Prince Joseph Wenzel zu Fürstenberg and received 24 gold ducats for it. The operas The Abduction from the Seraglio and The Marriage of Figaro in Germany were later performed here for the first time. Pieces by Béla Bartók , Paul Hindemith , Anton von Webern and Richard Strauss also appeared here for the first time. In 1921 the first “chamber music performances to promote contemporary music” took place in this same ballroom. This later led to the famous Donaueschingen Music Days .

literature

  • Robert Feger : Castles and palaces in southern Baden . 1984, ISBN 3-8035-1237-9 .
  • Timo John: The Princely Fürstenberg Castle Park in Donaueschingen . In: Die Gartenkunst  10 (1/1998), pp. 169–184.
  • Max Rieple : Experienced Black Forest . Stähle + Friedel, Stuttgart, 1973 ISBN 9783877710180
  • Ulrich Feldhahn: The imperial busts at Donaueschingen Castle. Marc Aurel and Lucius Verus as symbols of the idea of ​​"empire" . In: Landratsamt Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis (Ed.): Almanach 2000. Home year book of the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis . 24th episode. DoldVerlag, Vöhrenbach 2000, pp. 155–159.
  • Ulrich Feldhahn: Wilhelm von Bode and the Fürstenberg house . In: Writings of the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar. 42nd volume. Self-published by the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar. Donaueschingen 1999, pp. 25-50.
  • Ulrich Feldhahn: "A splendid hall in the castle at Donaueschingen" - comments on the previously unknown last work by the architect Friedrich Weinbrenner . In: Commission for historical regional studies in Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.): Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine . 164th volume. Stuttgart 2016, pp. 423-432.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Haus Fürstenberg website: Donaueschingen Castle ( Memento of the original from December 21, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / haus-fuerstenberg.de
  2. ↑ Eduard Schuster: The castles and palaces of Baden . Gutsch, Karlsruhe 1908. p. 121
  3. ^ Volkhard Huth: Donaueschingen, city at the origin of the Danube: a place in its historical development , Verlag Thorbecke, 1989, ISBN 978-3-7995-4120-6
  4. ↑ Eduard Schuster, Die Burgen und Schlösser Baden , 1908, p. 121 ff.
  5. ↑ Sigmund von Birken: Newly increased Danube Beach: With all its inlets and tributaries, attached kingdoms, provinces, rulers and cities, ... presented in a three-fold country folder for outflows; Also with a briefly fasted continuation of the Hungarian and Turkish Chronicles; Including 70 curious completely new figures engraved in Kupffer. Sandrart, Nürnberg, 1688, pp. 10 + 11 , accessed on November 11, 2015 (call number: 13194060 Augsburg, Staats- und Stadtbibliothek - Gs 956, legend ).
  6. ↑ Robert Feger, Burgen und Schlösser in Südbaden , p. 44 ff.
  7. ↑ Großherzoglich Badisches Staats- und Regierungsblatt dated February 12, 1834, full text in the Google book search
  8. ^ O. Berndt: The gardens to Donaueschingen, Wartenberg and Neidingen. Their origin and development in: Writings of the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar and the adjacent parts of the country in Donaueschingen , 12th issue, Laupp, Tübingen 1909, p. 27
  9. ↑ Ulrich Feldhahn: "A splendid hall in the castle at Donaueschingen" - comments on the previously unknown last work by the architect Friedrich Weinbrenner. In: Commission for historical regional studies in Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.): Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine . 164th volume. Stuttgart 2016, p. 423-432 .
  10. ^ Ulrich Feldhahn: The imperial busts at Donaueschingen Castle. Marc Aurel and Lucius Verus as symbols of the idea of ​​"empire" . In: Landratsamt Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis (Ed.): Almanach 2000. Home year book of the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis . 24th episode. DoldVerlag, Vöhrenbach 2000, p. 155-159 .
  11. ^ Ulrich Feldhahn: Wilhelm von Bode and the Fürstenberg house . In: Writings of the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar . 42nd volume. Self-published by the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar, Donaueschingen 1999, p. 25-50 .
  12. ↑ Black Forest Travel Guide , Baedeker 2007, ISBN 978-3-8297-1069-5

Coordinates: 47 ° 56 '59.7 "  N , 8 ° 30'6"  E