Jakob Alt

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jakob Alt (born September 27, 1789 in Frankfurt am Main , † September 30, 1872 in Vienna ) was a German - Austrian landscape painter , draftsman and lithographer .

Life

Jakob Alt: View from the artist's studio in Alservorstadt towards Dornbach (1836)

Jakob Alt, son of the Frankfurt carpenter Johann Leonhart Alt (1735–1798) and Barbara Alt, née Horst (died 1808), received his first art lessons in his hometown from the miniature painter Johann Peter Beer (1782–1851) and his father Johann Friedrich Beer (1741-1804). In 1810 he came to Vienna, but contrary to earlier tradition, he did not study history painting at the Vienna Academy , but instead had to work on the new editions of Carl Schütz's city ​​vedutas as a livelihood after setting up a family with his carpenter and later wife Maria Anna Schaller .

The music, map and art publisher Artaria in Vienna then commissioned him with his first series, “Mahlerische und strange views d. various provinces of the Austrian monarchy and the neighboring countries ”, which was created between 1813 and 1820. For this purpose, Alt probably trained largely independently as a landscape painter.

He then worked until 1822 together with Johann Christoph Erhard , Jakob Gauermann and Johann Adam Klein on the colored outline etchings for the collective work “Mahler's Journey through the Most Beautiful Alpine Regions of the Austrian Imperial State”.

From 1822 on, the collective work “Danube - Views from the Origin to the Outflows into the Black Sea”, printed and edited by Adolph Friedrich Kunike , was created. Drawn from nature and on the stone by Jakob Alt ”with 264 pictures from 1826, for which Alt himself transferred the originals collected on site into the new technique of lithography. At the same time, in 1823/24 he began work on the "most excellent views of the kk Salzkammergut and its surroundings in Upper Austria," with which his son Rudolf increasingly helped him and which were completed in 1833.

In 1828 and 1833 he traveled twice to northern Italy and also stayed in Rome for some time .

In later years Alt lithographed many vedutas of his son Rudolf and otherwise worked mainly as a watercolorist , starting around 1833 for the so-called peep-box pictures for Emperor Ferdinand I with 302 large-format views of the most beautiful places in the Austrian monarchy and the neighboring countries, from which to Abdication of the emperor in 1848 Jakob and Rudolf Alt created 170 pictures. “The emperor used a box with a concave mirror to look at these pictures. The pictures were inserted and illuminated at the back of this peep box. ”The art of watercolors experienced a heyday in Vienna through the sheets of Jakob Alt and his son Rudolf, they depict landscapes and standing views with naturalistic detail and atmospheric density.

Jakob Alt was the father and first teacher of his first-born son Rudolf and Franz Alt , who was almost ten years his junior , who worked on his landscape projects before they appeared with independent works. Jakob Alt's extensive herbarium is now in the Lower Austrian State Museum .

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Jakob Alt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gmeiner-Hübel, p. 6.
  2. ↑ Maria Luise Sternath, Jakob Alt - The father as a teacher. In: Rudolf von Alt. 1812–1905, cat. Albertina, Vienna 2005, p. 65.
  3. ↑ Ibid., P. 121.
  4. ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung: melt water colors. Retrieved April 7, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Old, Jakob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Austrian painter and lithographer
DATE OF BIRTH September 27, 1789
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH September 30, 1872
Place of death Vienna