Stuehlingen

Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Freiburg
County :	Waldshut
Height :	501 m above sea level NHN
Area :	93.22 km 2
Residents:	5327 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	57 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	79780
Primaries :	07703, 07709, 07743, 07744
License plate :	WT
Community key :	08 3 37 106
LOCODE :	DE SHG
; City administration address :	Schlossstrasse 9 ; 79780 Stühlingen
Website :	www.stuehlingen.de
Mayor :	Joachim Burger
Location of the city of Stühlingen in the Waldshut district

Panorama Stühlingen

Stühlingen is a small town in the Waldshut district in the south of Baden-Württemberg on the border between Germany and Switzerland .

geography

The climatic health resort of Stühlingen is located on the Wutach on the southern edge of the Black Forest at an altitude of 449 to 850 meters, right on the border with Switzerland near the community of Schleitheim . Stühlingen is located in the Southern Black Forest Nature Park .

The old town from the west (Landstrasse)

City structure

The B 314 traverses the business district Stühlingen along the former Wutachtalbahn of Waldshut in the direction of the highway A81 . The town is situated on the north-western side of the valley, divided into the old town (the "small town") on a plateau with the access roads to the castle, hospital and monastery and the modern town (the "village") with its Catholic and Protestant church in the valley. Both residential areas are connected by the city path, which was not built on until the middle of the 19th century.

The town of Stühlingen with the formerly independent communities of Bettmaringen , Blumegg , Eberfingen , Grimmelshofen, Lausheim, Mauchen, Oberwangen, Schwaningen, Unterwangen and Weizen , in addition to the town of Stühlingen, also includes 32 other hamlets, Zinken, farms and houses.

In the territory of the former municipality Bettmaringen lie deserted villages Ottwangen and Tandlekofen. In the area of the former community of Blumegg are the ruins of Blumegg and Vorburg as well as the Hausen desert. In the area of the former municipality of Lausheim are the remains of a castle not mentioned in a document . The Burgstell desert lies in the area of the former municipality of Unterwangen.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring towns of Stühlingen are (clockwise) Wutach , Blumberg , Schleitheim (CH), Oberhallau (CH), Hallau (CH), Eggingen , Ühlingen-Birkendorf and Bonndorf in the Black Forest .

Cities in the vicinity of Stühlingen are Schaffhausen (Switzerland), Bonndorf , Blumberg , Stein am Rhein (Switzerland), Waldshut-Tiengen , Singen (Hohentwiel) and Donaueschingen .

history

Stühlingen was the seat of the Landgraviate of Stühlingen and the dominion of Fürstenberg .

prehistory

The settlement area around Stühlingen in the middle Wutach Valley was for a long time a bridgehead between the Swabian Alb and the Swiss Jura. Nearby sites such as Schweizersbild and Peterfels indicate this as early as the Upper Paleolithic. Direct finds in Stühlingen are sparse for the Neolithic. A grave find from the Schlossberg points to the bell-cup phenomenon, which dates back to the end of the 3rd millennium BC. Is assigned. For the Bronze Age of the 2nd millennium BC The sites are concentrated, e.g. B. through an early Bronze Age burial ground in Lausheim or the extensive burial mounds near Mauchen, those of the South German Hill Bronze Age, in the middle of the 2nd millennium. v. Chr., Be attributed. For the subsequent Urnfield Period and the beginning of the older Iron Age, the Hallstatt culture, we have significant finds from settlements and grave fields in nearby Lembach and Ewattingen. It is therefore obvious that the Romans founded an influential small town with Juliomagus in the neighboring Swiss town of Schleitheim. It has been well researched archaeologically and has been nicely developed in terms of museum technology.

Roman times

As finds from Roman times in the immediate vicinity of Stühlingen show, the valley floor near Stühlingen had been inhabited for a very long time. The foundations of Hohenlupfen Castle are said to have served as the foundation for a Roman signal tower at that time. At the brickworks coins from Roman times were found with the insignia of the XI. and XXI. Legion of the Roman Army are provided. In the upper village, at the foot of the Galgenbucks, a mosaic floor of Roman origin was discovered in 1848. The find indicates that a villa rustica must have stood here, which was in the area of influence of the small Roman town of Juliomagus in today's Schleitheim district.

Stone box graves from the last excavation campaign

Merovingian period

At the end of the 5th century, the Merovingians had also incorporated the Alamanni into the centralized Frankish empire through victories over the "Frankish petty kings" and the introduction of Christianity . Due to their superior state organization, the Merovingians also preserved the Gallo-Roman culture , they made use of the knowledge of the old Gallo-Roman aristocracy and leaned on the late antique administrative practice . They expanded old settlements at important traffic junctions, including the transition from the Wutach Valley to the Klettgau . In the 6th century the empire was divided, which Chlothar I reunited from 558 to 561. So far there has been little evidence of the Merovingians on the Upper Rhine, so that the finds near Stühlingen are of certain importance. This also closes a gap in the settlement history of the area.

As early as 1951, eight graves were discovered on a lower terrace of the Wutach. During the construction of a high-pressure gas pipeline in 2007, the excavation of the burial field, which turned out to be Merovingian, began. Several campaigns were carried out with volunteers until 2010. The finds date from the end of the 6th to the end of the 7th century and include 123 burials. Among them were graves with stone boxes and stone coffins. Most of the graves no longer contained any jewelry, the cover plates were smashed. Apparently they had been looted by grave robbers prematurely . Glass beads and numerous weapons were found.

From 2008, other areas had also been investigated, and an early medieval cemetery and early Urnfield graves were discovered.

The rule of the Counts of Lupfen and the granting of city rights

Hohenlupfen Castle

In 1252, Stühlingen and its surroundings came into the possession of the Lords of Lupfen and in 1262 it was granted city rights under Count Eberhard I. von Lupfen. Associated with this were the important rights to hold markets and to act as a court for the regional court. That promoted economic development. This is how a 300-year rule by the Counts of Lupfen in Stühlingen began. In the 14th century the Lupfeners were loyal supporters in the Habsburg service. The family reached their political climax under Hans I. von Lupfen, who died in 1436. He entered the service of the Burgundian-Austrian Duchess Katharina. He later rose to the ranks of the southwestern German nobility and held the position of imperial court judge. Bad payment behavior of the Habsburgs meant that he held himself harmless to the offices of sovereign administration assigned to him. In research, Hans I. is therefore considered an unscrupulous power politician. Through marriage policy he also obtained important goods in Alsace and South Tyrol.

Swiss War

The Swiss War also made the governorship of the Lupfen counts a target for the rebellious federal peasants, who conquered and sacked the city in 1499. Although the castle and the little town (the old town, see section Sights ) were surrendered without a fight, the Eidgenössische Soldateska, contrary to an agreement, plundered the latter, presumably to take revenge for an attack on the neighboring Hallau. During this attack, the Upper Hallau village went up in flames, in return the Stühlinger town and the castle were burned down. This happened even though the commandant and Obervogt Martin von Starkenberg had surrendered in order to save the fortress from destruction. The surrender cost the bailiff his head in retrospect. The Stühlinger Castle was almost completely destroyed and only poorly rebuilt afterwards. The little town recovered only slowly from the consequences of the war. The residents of the entire Landgraviate of Stühlingen had to pay for the reconstruction, which made the situation even worse for the locals.

Peasants' War

In 1524 there was an uprising against the authorities in the Stühlinger peasantry. According to a legend, the so-called "snail dispute" gave rise to this uprising. What is certain, however, is that the spark that sparked the Peasants' War came from the Landgraviate of Stühlingen. The reasons for this are of a social nature , the local cause was also the Swiss War, which was only 25 years ago, and under whose burdens of reconstruction the population of Stühlingen was still suffering. In addition, the Landgraves of Stühlingen were known to lead a lavish court life, which in the end always took the form of taxes and compulsory labor at the expense of the population. It is known that one of the most important ringleaders, Hans Müller von Bulgenbach, came from the hamlet of the same name in the west of the Landgraviate of Stühlingen. The Landgraviate of Stühlingen reached west to Seebrugg in the southern Black Forest around 1524 , the revolt of the common man referred to the residents of the entire Landgraviate.

Thirty Years' War

On September 30, 1633, General Johann von Aldringen and the general Gómez Suárez de Figueroa, duque de Feria, moved to the Klettgau after the siege of Constance , from Stühlingen they threatened the city of Schaffhausen. Together they commanded an army of around 30,000 men. After negotiations, they moved to Tiengen on October 8, which they took from the Swedes, and then besieged Rheinfelden .

19th century

The Lower or Lower Gate was taken from the Stühlinger Städtle in 1828 and the Upper Gate in 1846. The lower gate collapsed as a result of the fire at the “Schwarzer Adler” inn and was not rebuilt. The upper gate was far more representative, with a bell, a clock and the city and sovereign coat of arms. However, after the neighboring building of the “Krone” inn burned down around 1800, and people were happy about the vacated space for the increasing truck traffic, the last hour struck for the Upper Gate in that year. As an exception, this gate did not burn down, but was demolished with state subsidies from the municipality.

In 1864 the judicial district of Stühlingen was dissolved and the district court relocated to Bonndorf. Holding regional courts had been a right of the Stühlinger for centuries, as the landgrave had located his count's chair here. Accordingly, it hit the Stühlinger hard to be deprived of this right.

The Stühlingen station was put into operation in 1875.

20th and 21st centuries

During the time of National Socialism , Stühlingen was deprived of its town charter by the German municipal code of 1935. It was restored in 1950 after the end of World War II . The granting of city rights established the planting of a linden tree in the "Judenwinkel", the so-called "Stadtlinde".

In 1960, a heated outdoor pool was opened in the Weilertal in Stühlingen, which has been operated by the association "Swimfriends Stühlingen" since the 2006 season. Before 1960 the residents used a bathing area on the canal above the screw factory to the left of the canal bridge.

In 1962 the citizens of Stühlingen celebrated the 700th anniversary on the occasion of the granting of city rights in 1262.

Between 1973 and 1975 the city of Stühlingen expanded from 1746 to over 5176 inhabitants (as of 1970) through the municipal reform in Baden-Württemberg. As a result, Stühlingen grew to become a community with an area of originally 1670 ha to 9340 ha.

1964–1966, the secondary school was built on an extensive meadow area, the so-called Eichwiesen, between the Unterdorf development and the railway line of the Wutach Valley Railway .

On March 26, 2007, the construction of a nursing home with assisted living began, which went into operation the following year. The nursing home is also located in the Eichwiesen.

Right next to the nursing home, after decades of downtime, a new building area was designated and actively developed. The service street was named "Bellêmer Straße" in honor of the French twin town in 2006. Apart from smaller patches of meadow, the Eichwiesen have been completely built over.

With the inauguration ceremony on July 3, 2010, the renovation of the Stühlingen town center was completed. The redesign of the main street and the church forecourt represents a clear upgrade of the Stühlingen townscape. Even moving the Johannisbrunnen to the other side of the street is beneficial. After the renovation, the Kronenparkplatz now lives up to its name.

Incorporations

As part of the municipal reform in Baden-Württemberg , the following previously independent municipalities were incorporated into Stühlingen:

January 1, 1973: Blumegg and Grimmelshofen
October 1, 1974: Eberfingen, Mauchen and Schwaningen
January 1, 1975: Bettmaringen, Lausheim, Oberwangen, Unterwangen and Weizen

politics

Rathaus Stühlingen

Municipal council

The city council election on May 26, 2019 led to the following result with a turnout of 63.8% (2014: 58.5%):

Party / list	Share of votes	Seats	2014 result
CDU	41.5%	7th	45.9%, 10 seats
FWV	58.5%	11	54.1%, 11 seats

Due to the municipal code of the state of Baden-Württemberg, there is an elected local council for all districts in the municipality of Stühlingen, each headed by a local mayor.

mayor

With 64% of the votes cast, Joachim Burger (53) was elected as the new mayor in the second ballot on October 15, 2017. Burger comes from the Blumegg district and lives in the municipality of Wutach where he was deputy mayor.

Since the Second World War, the following people have been in charge of the city of Stühlingen:

Carl Furtwängler, 1945–1946
Franz Büche, 1946–1949
Jakob Limberger, 1949–1952
Leopold Utz, 1952–1969
Ernst Rees, 1969–1993
Isolde Schäfer, 1993-2017

coat of arms

The blazon of the coat of arms reads: In a shield divided by silver and blue, the armless and legless “Stühlinger Männle” with a silver doublet closed by three blue buttons, a brown beard and a blue headgear.

The coloring is probably based on the colors of the coat of arms of the Lords of Lupfen. This coat of arms was in blue and silver, with a swan as a symbol.

The eagle as the city coat of arms of Stühlingen was used in a document from 1365.

In 1495, the “ Stühlinger Männle ” was used in the seal for the first time on documents from the Stühlinger Regional Court . So-called blunt figures, i.e. without arms and legs, were widespread as coats of arms at that time and not only specific to chairs. The legend about the Stühlinger Männle takes the heraldic figure and adorns an impressive founding story with it. In the Badischer Sagenbuch (1898) the provenance of the legend is marked with a "G". Based on the style, this suggests that the story goes back at least in part to an idea by the local poet Hans Martin Grüninger (1862–1944).

Coats of arms of the formerly independent communities
Bettmaringen
Blumegg
Eberfingen
Grimmelshofen
Lausheim
Mauchen
Schwaningen
Upper cheeks
Unterwangen
wheat

Town twinning

Stühlingen has been in a relationship with the French commune of Bellême in the Orne department in Normandy since 1980 . In Stühlingen, the concerns of the partnership have been transferred to a development association, which is led by a twelve-person committee. The mayor is a member of this committee by virtue of his office. The partnership with Bellême is very active, so the exchange takes place at both club and school level. The school or youth exchange takes place annually in both places.

The preliminary highlight in 2006 was the aforementioned designation of “Bellêmer Strasse”, especially since an “Avenue de Stühlingen” had existed in Bellême for some time before. At the southern end of the street a small park was set up on which a Percheron horse was placed on the pedestal. The horse is a gift from the Bellêmer Partnership Committee to the Stühlinger friends.

There is also a twin town with the English town of Goring-on-Thames in the English county of Oxfordshire .

Culture and sights

Museums

Bulldog and Farmer Museum and Puppet & Nostalgia Museum at the Landgasthof-Hotel Rebstock
Museum mill Stühlingen-Blumegg (www.museumsmühle.de)

Pilgrimage and monastery church Maria Loreto

Holy Cross parish church

Buildings

The old town of Stühlingen is called Städtle and was built according to the Habsburg model with an oval floor plan and two city gates. Similar ground plans can be observed in Waldshut and Neunkirch (CH). However, both gates were demolished around the middle of the 19th century to make it easier for carts to pass through. Today only an inscription at the level of the lower gate reminds of these buildings.

Castles and Palaces

The Hohenlupfen Castle is the city Stühlingen and was perhaps landmark on a former burgus built. The castle in its present form was built in 1619–1624 by Maximilian von Pappenheim . Before that, a fortified castle, badly damaged by the Swiss War in 1499 , stood in its place . It was probably the starting point of the German Peasants' War that broke out in 1524 . Since the castle was not fortified during the Thirty Years' War, it probably escaped being destroyed again. The castle then became the property of the Fürstenberg family in 1639 . In 2011 it was sold to a Swiss farmer.

Bettmaringen Castle (= former St. Blasisches Amtshaus), which was built during the term of office of abbot Caspar Molitor (1541 to 1571), who was eager to build. (now privately owned)

Blumegg castle ruins , hilltop castle of the Lords of Blumegg destroyed in 1577

Churches

The Evangelical Trinity Church in Stühlingen was inaugurated in November 1913 in Bahnhofstrasse. In 1995 it underwent a major renovation. In 1954 the neighboring parish hall was built.
The Heilig-Kreuz-Stadtpfarrkirche in Stühlingen was built in 1785 by Franz Josef Salzmann in the rare Empire style and contains three altars by the sculptor Johann Friedrich Vollmar from the time it was built.
The Capuchin monastery in Stühlingen with Maria Loreto monastery church and crypt in Stühlingen contains side altar leaves and top images by Franz Joseph Spiegler and veneered altars from the late Baroque era .
Old Catholic St. Sebastian Church in Stühlingen in the city
The St. Fridolins Church in Bettmaringen contains neo-Byzantine paintings from the 19th century.
The St. Benedict Church in Blumegg was built in 1885.
Church of St. Peter and Paul in Eberfingen
The St. Gallus Church in Eggingen was consecrated in 1869.
Church of St. Martin in Grimmelshofen
The St. Nicholas Church in Lausheim is a former pilgrimage church in the Renaissance style with church paintings from the time before the Thirty Years War .
St. Gallus Church in Mauchen
St. Michael Church in Oberwangen
Roman Catholic St. Martin Church in Schwaningen
Old Catholic St. Martin's Church in Schwaningen
Church of St. Konrad in Weizen
Kalvarienbergkapelle in Eberfingen (also Eberfinger Kapelle )
Trinity Chapel in Schwaningen
St. Wendelin Chapel in Unterwangen

Recreation

Wutach Gorge and Gauchach Gorge
Wutachfluchten ( gorge from Grimmelshofen to Achdorf )
Roggenbacher Schlösser (originally two castles, which were destroyed during the Peasants' War)
The forests of the district Vordere, Mittlere and Hintere Bücken, popularly known as Schinderwald with the so-called Teufelsküche , a small gorge between Stühlingen and Eberfingen.
Rock formations and cave formations halfway up the Ruckwald (hiding place)

Weilersee , a small pond in the back of the Weilertal in the former quarry

Randen , mountain range with up to 912 m above sea level. NN, northernmost foothills of the Swiss Jura. Mostly located on Swiss territory, it is considered the best vantage point in the Stühlingen area with the two Schleitheim edge towers.

Woerl's Illustrated Guide through Stühlingen and the Surrounding Area, which was published in Leipzig in 1907, still sums up the local recreation area well.

Regular events

Carnival

The fool's guild "Hungry Stühlinger" is the driving force behind the Swabian-Alemannic carnival in Stühlingen. There are also numerous fools' guilds in the districts. The date for the carnival, also called Fasnet in Stühlingen , is set according to the Roman Catholic church calendar, so the carnival ends 46 days (40 days of Lent + 6 days of fasting leave) before Easter Sunday . The Sunday after Ash Wednesday , which marks the beginning of Lent, is called the Old Carnival Sunday , as Carnival Sunday was originally celebrated on this day when there was no fasting leave. This is important because the carnival date in the eastern and southern neighboring areas of eastern and northern Switzerland is largely different due to the Protestant church calendar. B. in Winterthur on the old carnival Sunday or in Basel , where the carnival begins one week after the carnival Monday.

City festival

The town festival was launched in 1975 to bring the districts of the entire community of Stühlingen, which emerged from the Baden-Württemberg community reform on January 1, 1975 , closer to one another. This principle, which was supported by several clubs in the early years, has been more and more forgotten. Nevertheless, clubs from five districts took part in this event at the 41st Städtlefest in July 2015. The Städtlefest takes place almost entirely in the Städtle, i. H. on Marktplatz, Herrengasse and Gerberstraße. Until a few years ago, the date for the Städtlefest was set on the first Saturday in August, currently (as of 2015) it is held on the second Saturday in July.

Stühlinger spring and autumn

The trade and business association Stühlingen has been organizing a sales event in Stühlinger Hauptstrasse, which is called Stühlinger Spring , and is set for the last Saturday in April for a long time . Participants are the local commercial enterprises of the HGV and external providers. Due to the high level of acceptance of this event, the HGV launched the Stühlinger Herbst , a sales event mostly for agricultural products. Because of this commitment, the one that had previously been put on display by the HGV to revitalize the Martini market was completely discontinued.

Martini market

The Martini market traditionally took place on the Monday after St. Martins or Martini Day, November 11th and like the Städtlefest in the Stühlinger Städtle. The decreasing interest of the visitors and the withdrawn support of the HGV Stühlingen only led to the fact that the market day was set on the Saturday after Martini day. Monday was a traditional market day in that it used to be B. was not allowed to do business on Sundays. The Martini market has been suspended since 2018. It is uncertain whether it will ever be reactivated. That may be regrettable, since Stühlingen was granted the city charter in 1262, the right to hold three markets. After the Thirty Years' War, Count Maximilian granted Franz zu Fürstenberg in a letter of grace the right to hold two more markets in order to stimulate the economy. The cattle market in Stühlingen was one of the most important in the region in the 19th century. But as elsewhere, such markets as the Martini market have almost completely lost their importance due to the changed shopping habits.

Economy and Infrastructure

Companies

Sto: K building in OT Weizen

The Sto SE & Co. KGaA is currently the largest company, and there are a number of other medium-sized companies and retailers. For example the long-established, medium-sized twisting mill on the Wutach, which is asserting itself on the world market. Or the Wutal AluminumGuss company, founded in 1970, which with its 240 employees has also become an important location factor for Stühlingen.

hospital

The Loreto Hospital was inaugurated in 1929. It was built by the community of Stühlingen in the Balbach'schen Gardens , a gently rising elevation northeast of the town, which was used as a garden by the former Obervogt Balbach behind his house in Herrengasse. Before the Loreto hospital was available, the citizens of Stühlingen received medical care in a hospital that was located on the neighboring area of the monastery. Due to its location and size, the hospital is a building that defines the townscape, nestled between the town and the monastery. The hospital forms the heart of the local health infrastructure, which also includes some doctors and the pharmacy. The emergency services center is located right next to the hospital, as is the nurses' home above the hospital. A special feature is the helipad, for which a meadow next to the parking lot is used. The hospital has been owned by the HBH clinics since around 2004 . Basic medical care is guaranteed for the time being, although u. a. the infant station was saved by the carrier.

Hans Carossa Clinic

The clinic named after the doctor and writer Hans Carossa has existed in Stühlingen since 1963 . The Hotel Post was previously operated in the same building . At the place where the gymnastics hall of the Hans Carossa Clinic is today (as of 2015), there was previously a stately barn, which was also fed with hay from the calibration and straightening meadows downstream. However, this meadow has been cut through since 1875 by the construction of the Wutach Valley Railway .

education

2013 New construction of the day care center "Kinderland Hohenlupfen" next to the secondary school completed. (www.caritas-hochrhein.de/kinder-jugend/kinderland-hohenlupfen/)
Elementary school wheat
Hohenlupfenschule (= primary school) in Stühlingen
Realschule Stühlingen

traffic

railroad

a DB train in Stühlingen station

In 1875, Stühlingen received a railway connection from Lauchringen . In Stühlingen, the so-called “ Wutachtalbahn ” had its end point for the time being, until the line was extended to Weizen a year later . In 1890 the Wutach Valley Railway was connected to the Black Forest Railway near Immendingen and thus completed. Passenger traffic was finally stopped on January 1, 1976 for reasons of profitability. The freight for Sto AG was operated until the year 2,001th Despite numerous efforts to reactivate passenger transport, this goal has not yet been implemented. The reception building and the goods hall no longer exist today. In the summer half-year there are two regional train connections on Sundays to Waldshut-Tiengen , with a connection to the Hochrheinbahn Basel - Singen , as well as feeder traffic to the Museumsbahn Wutachtal e. V.

Since December 2013, a midday train has also been running on school days in Baden-Württemberg from Waldshut via Lauchringen to Wutöschingen and back. A year later, on a municipal initiative, this school train was extended to Eggingen , where there is a connection to a bus in the direction of Stühlingen. This means that Stühlingen can also be reached by rail all year round via a shuttle bus.

Sauschwänzlebahn is the popular name for the Wutachtalbahn .

Road traffic

Stühlingen is connected to the national road network by the B 314 (Lauchringen– Singen (Hohentwiel) ) and the B 315 (Stühlingen– Titisee-Neustadt ). The closest motorways are the A 98 (Lauchringen - Weil am Rhein ) and the A 81 ( Gottmadingen - Würzburg ). Numerous state roads and district roads connect Stühlingen with its districts and neighboring communities. There is also a connection to the Swiss road network to Schaffhausen via Hauptstrasse 14 .

In addition, the cycle path runs along the Wutach through Stühlingen .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

Franz Hug (* unknown, † unknown), vocational school teacher and from 1921 to 1971 conductor of the singer association
Gustav Häusler (born April 26, 1894 in Riedöschingen , † June 8, 1964 in Stühlingen), local history researcher
Adolf Amann (* 1911, † September 30, 2011 in Stühlingen), conductor and orchestra leader
Franz Kehl (born November 18, 1920, † 2012 in Ludwigshafen am Rhein ), entrepreneur from Ludwigshafen, born in Schwaningen

sons and daughters of the town

Meinward I. von Stühlingen, (1279) 8th Abbot of the Tennenbach Monastery
Heinrich IV von Bettmaringen, 33rd abbot of the Rheinau monastery , 1409
Johann von Lupfen (1487–1551), Prince-Bishop and Provost of the Diocese of Constance
Johann III. Spielmann , (* in Bettmaringen, abbot from 1519 to 1532) of the St. Blasien monastery
Martin Meister I. (around 1560–1625), abbot from 1596 to 1625 of the St. Blasien monastery, he had the church in Lausheim built, among other things
Johann Martin Haimb (Gerold I) (1678–1751), prince abbot of the Muri monastery
Basilius Meggle (1754–1830), Benedictine, philosopher, priest and poet of the St. Peter monastery
Joseph Anton Morath (1761–1831), art and barrel painter
Katharina Basler (1777–1849), village poet
Johann Martin Morat (1805–1867), painter and lithographer
Egidius Federle (1810–1876), painter
Hans Martin Grüninger (1862–1944), local poet and lawyer
Wilhelm Burger (1880–1952), auxiliary bishop and writer
Franz Heinrich Gref (1872–1957), painter
Hubert Zircher (1880–1952), chief forestry officer
Josef Jöhle (1889–1942), architect, entrepreneur, National Socialist functionary and local politician
Wolfgang Hug (1931–2018), historian and history educator
Bernhard Eichkorn (* 1934), pastor and Esperantist
Raimund Hug (* 1935), cathedral music director
Lothar Eiermann (* 1945), cook
Hans Baumgartner (* 1949), athlete

Personalities associated with the city

Joseph Wilhelm Ernst zu Fürstenberg-Stühlingen (* 1699; † 1762), moved the residence from Stühlingen to Donaueschingen.
Franz Goebel (* 1881; † 1973), Catholic priest, spiritual and theologian
Heribert Jone (* 1885; † 1967), Catholic priest, canon lawyer and moral theologian.
Elmar Zimmermann (* 1930; † 1998), teacher, local researcher, author and artist

Say

The Stühlinger Männle

Long before 1495, in a time of great need, the Stühlinger Männle was the only survivor of the great death in Stühlingen. The male was born without arms or legs. In the Grüninger house in Herrengasse, they dragged themselves to the rock cellar to feed themselves on a loaf of Swiss cheese and “firnem” wine. Of course, it had to open and close the taps of the wine barrel with its mouth. So the male eke out his life until a woman came along with whom he entered into a marriage. According to legend, all Stühlinger came from this marriage. The reason for this story can no longer be determined.

's jerk

Emil Kümmerle's book of legends has two versions of the legend. Once Countess Mathilde [actually Clementia] von Lupfen, who caused the Peasants' War, is said to haunt it and mislead people. According to a second version, the Ruckweiblein is a woman who lived in the Judenwinkel and was accused of treason in the Swiss War in 1499. The townspeople accused her of showing the besiegers a secret entrance into the fortified city and thus having contributed to the disaster. The accused of high treason was cursed and starved to death.

The rock formations at the 'Jewish holes'

Since then she has been up to mischief in the Ruckwald and committed countless crimes, until one day she made two girls laugh and was thereby redeemed. In 1499, however, no Jews were found in Stühlingen. It is uncertain whether this legend has something to do with the fact that, as Gustav Häusler writes, during the Thirty Years' War the Jews withdrew and hid in the so-called Judenlöcher, i.e. the karst caves and crevices of the Ruckwald.

Collecting snail shells as the reason for the outbreak of the Peasants' War

Clementia von Montfort, the wife of Count Sigismund II zu Lupfen, is said to have once demanded the following serfdom from the serfs. She ordered her subjects to collect snail shells in the forest in the middle of the summer work in order to be able to use them as spools of thread. This arbitrariness of the countess aroused the displeasure of the Stühlingen farmers to such an extent that they rebelled against the landgrave and in 1524 rose up in the peasant revolt . The story graphically describes the arbitrariness and authoritarian dealings of the counts and princes with their subjects. The Count zu Lupfen had already resided for a long time at his mansion in Engen or in Thann in Alsace. Because the Stühlinger Castle had only been poorly rebuilt since it was destroyed in the Swiss War of 1499. However, the people of Lupfen led a lavish lifestyle that had to be financed by the people through tithing, labor, etc. Zimmer's chronicle from the early 16th century already mentions collecting snail shells in the episode about the peasant war. The legend is therefore likely to have originated chronologically soon after the Peasant War and, as a pictorial pars pro toto story, summarizes the causes of the Peasant War so well that it is on everyone's lips to this day.

Further legends about the castle can be found in the article Schloss Hohenlupfen and in the volume by Emil Kümmerle listed below.

literature

Brandeck, Hans (= Emil Müller): History of the city and the former Landgraviate of Stühlingen. Edited from sources and documents by Hans Brandeck. Publishing house of the municipality of Stühlingen, Waldshut 1927
Erlemann, Kurt: Local family book of the Mauchen community near Stühlingen Volume 1: 1648–1812, Cardamina-Verlag, Weißenthurm 2017. / Volume 2: 1812–1900. Cardamina-Verlag, Plaidt 2013 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 158)
Häusler, Gustav: Stühlingen. Past and present. Self-published by the city of Stühlingen, Waldshut 1966
Heyer Carmen: Hans I. von Lupfen (d. 1436). A nobleman between repression and adaptation, (= Hegau Library Vol. 76), Singen 1991
Kümmerle, Emil: Legends and stories from the Bonndorf-Stühlingen-Wutach area, self-published by the author, Freiburg 2016
Oka, Hiroto: The Peasants' War in the Landgraviate of Stühlingen and its prehistory since the middle of the 15th century, Konstanz 1998 (dissertation of the University of Konstanz from 1995)
Trumm, Jürgen: The Roman settlement on the eastern Upper Rhine (50 BC - 450 AD). Theiss, Stuttgart 2002

Individual evidence

↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).

^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI: Freiburg administrative region. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 , pp. 1022-1028

↑ Hansjürgen Müller-Beck, Nicholas J. Conard, Wolfgang Schürle (ed.): Ice Age Art in the South German-Swiss Jura. Beginnings of art . Konrad Theiss, Stuttgart 2000, p. 12 f .

^ Häusler: Stühlingen . S. 9 .

↑ Hans Joachim Behnke: Investigations into burial customs of the Urnfield Age and the older Iron Age on the Upper Rhine: the Hallstatt Age burial mounds of Ewattingen and Lembach and the Urnfield Age settlement of Ewattingen in the Waldshut district . Leipziger Univ.-Verl., Leipzig 2000.

↑ Jürgen Trumm: The Roman settlement on the eastern Upper Rhine (50 BC - 450 AD) . Theiss, Stuttgart 2002 (summarizes the find situation in Stühlingen. See also https://www.badische-zeitung.de/die-roemer-haben-in-stuehlingen-ihre-spuren-hinterendung--88772797.html ).

↑ Andrea Bräuning, Diethard Tschoke: At the end of the excavations of the Merovingian cemetery in Stühlingen. In: Archaeological excavations in Baden-Württemberg 2010. pp. 212 to 218, Theis, ISBN 978-3-8062-2499-3 .

^ Jutta Klug stairs: At the end of the excavations of the Merovingian burial ground in Stühlingen. In: Archäologische Ausgrabungen in Baden-Württemberg 2009 , pp. 194–198, Theis, ISBN 978-3-8062-2364-4

^ Heyer, Carmen .: Hans I. von Lupfen (d. 1436); a nobleman between repression and adaptation . Verein für Geschichte des Hegaus, 1991, ISBN 3-921413-24-9 ( worldcat.org [accessed on 23 September 2019]).

^ History of the city and the former Landgraviate of Stühlingen, author Hans Brandeck, Verlag der Stadtgemeinde Stühlingen

^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 505 .

↑ ^a ^b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 523 .

↑ State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg, Preliminary results of the 2019 municipal council elections

↑ Dr. Petra Wichmann: City of Stühlingen and Hohenlupfen Castle, Waldshut district . Ed .: Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg - Freiburg branch -. Publication by the Baden-Württemberg State Monuments Office (6 pages), September 2004.