Alfons Oswald

Alfons Oswald (born February 8, 1903 in Norsingen , † May 25, 1969 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German district administrator under National Socialism in occupied Poland . In the district of Krakow, he served as District Chief and in the Radom district as an officer of the district administration in organizing the Holocaust involved. In the Federal Republic of Germany he was a long-time district administrator in the districts of Säckingen, Emmendingen and Freiburg.

Life

Alfons Oswald studied economics and law in Tübingen , Hamburg and Freiburg from 1921 to 1924 . In 1924 he became a member of the Catholic student association KDSt.V. Wildenstein Freiburg im Breisgau. He had to interrupt his studies for economic reasons and was only able to continue it from 1925 and pass the first state law examination in 1928 and the second in 1931. On April 1, 1934 he became a member of the government in Neustadt in the Black Forest , and in 1936 he was transferred to Donaueschingen . The NSDAP he could only after the relaxation of the recording lock members to join in 1937, in 1939 there was a party trial, which was set on 17 February 1,943th

With the establishment of the General Government in Poland, he was from September 1939 first land commissioner in the district of Dębica in the district of Krakow and was there from December 15, 1939 to June 22, 1941 district chief, his district governor was Otto Wächter . Then he was in the internal administration in the Radom district under the district governor Ernst Kundt until December 1943 . Then he was drafted into the Wehrmacht . In 1945 he was a prisoner of war.

At his place of residence in Radom, Oswald campaigned on August 7, 1942 for a Jewish family of craftsmen to remain in the city, as they had worked very satisfactorily for him, and at the same time watched the small and on August 16, 1942 the large ghetto in Radom were evacuated and 20,000 Jews were deported to the Treblinka extermination camp . Two months earlier, Oswald, as deputy district governor, had complained that the Reinhardt campaign in the Radom district "only" began in August 1942 and that his district had fallen behind in the process of resettling Jews in the Lublin district, where the Belzec extermination camp was located .

Nothing is known about the denazification of Oswald, but his quick re-use benefited from the fact that the conflict with the NSDAP had been recorded. From January 1, 1946 he was district administrator in the district of Säckingen , from January 7, 1949 district administrator in the district of Emmendingen , from June 1, 1953 to 1968 district administrator in the district of Freiburg . Since November 1953 Oswald was a member of the CDU . When he retired in 1968, he received the Great Federal Cross of Merit . A street in Ehrenkirchen-Norsingen is named after him.

In 1965, the Freiburg public prosecutor's office closed a case of unofficial false testimony in connection with the investigative proceedings initiated after 1959 because of the involvement of district chiefs in the Nazi crimes in occupied Poland.

literature

• Markus Roth: Gentlemen. The German District Chiefs in Occupied Poland - Career Paths, Rule Practice and Post-History. Wallstein Verlag: Göttingen 2009. ISBN 9783835304772 .
• Bogdan Musial : German civil administration and persecution of Jews in the Generalgouvernement . Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 3-447-04208-7 .
• Wolfram Angerbauer (Red.): The heads of the upper offices, district offices and district offices in Baden-Württemberg from 1810 to 1972 . Published by the working group of the district archives at the Baden-Württemberg district assembly. Theiss, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8062-1213-9 , pp. 434 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Short biography by Markus Roth: Herrenmenschen , Göttingen 2009, p. 493.
2. ↑ Markus Roth: Herrenmenschen , p. 48.
3. ↑ Bogdan Musial: German civil administration and the persecution of Jews in the Generalgouvernement , Wiesbaden 1999, p. 270f, p. 300.
4. ↑ Markus Roth: Herrenmenschen , p. 390.