Administrative division of Baden

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The article administrative structure of Baden represents the areas of responsibility of the general administration of Baden until 1945. Only the middle and lower administrative level is taken into account, since the highest and upper authorities were mostly responsible for the entire national territory. Authorities and areas of special administration (financial administration, forest administration, etc.) are also not taken into account, only those of general administration. Currently the article explains the situation from 1803; An extension of the administrative areas existing before 1803 to the bathing area that has existed since the high Middle Ages is planned.

Place and area names are adapted to the current spelling as far as possible (e.g. Meßkirch instead of Mößkirch , Tauberbischofsheim instead of Bischofsheim an der Tauber ).

Due to the territorial upheavals of the Napoleonic period, the small margraviate of Baden became a central European state. The national territory expanded massively in particular in 1803, 1805 and 1806; minor changes were made again in 1810 and 1819.

The territorial expansion was one reason for the various administrative reforms of this time. Between 1803 and 1809 there were several reforms, some of them provisional and often short-lived. From 1809 onwards, longer lasting reforms took place (see below).

The short epoch between 1803 and 1809 brought Baden all the essential permanent territorial gains. In 1803, a middle administrative level was introduced in Baden for the first time ("Provinces", 1809–1864 "Districts"). The state of the offices, cities and municipalities inherited from the early modern period remained largely untouched for the time being; radical changes were not made until 1809.

Between 1809 and the de facto end of Baden in 1945 there were radical administrative reforms in particular in 1809, 1832, 1864 and 1939. All of these reforms lasted for a longer period of time, especially when compared to the 1803–1809 era, even if they were changed and supplemented here and there.

Period 1803-1807

In 1803 13 organizational edicts were issued in quick succession, of which the first and sixth organizational edicts are important for the administrative structure. The First Organizational Edict divided Baden into three provinces (also called parts of the country), giving it for the first time a middle administrative level. At the level of the districts (offices and bailiffs), the Sixth Organizational Edict planned smaller offices that were to be grouped under larger bailiffs. The regulations for the district levels were hardly implemented. One of the measures implemented was the division of the former Palatinate Oberamt Heidelberg into smaller offices and subordinate them to three regional bailiffs. All other land bailiffs were not realized. After further territorial gains in 1805 (especially the Austrian Breisgau with Freiburg), a further middle authority was set up with the “Government and Cammer” in Freiburg in 1806, with which, until 1807, there were de facto four provincial authorities.

Province of the Margraviate (Badische Margraviate), 1803–1807

Seat of the provincial government: Karlsruhe.

Landvogtei Karlsburg [not realized]
Landvogtei Eberstein [not realized]
Landvogtei Yberg [not realized]
Obervogtei Gengenbach [not realized]
  • Council and Thalvogteiämter of the County of Gengenbach
Landvogtei Hochberg [not realized]
Landvogtei Sausenberg [not realized]

Province of the Palatinate County (Badische Pfalzgrafschaft), 1803–1807

Seat of the provincial government (called Hofratkollegium): Mannheim.

Landvogtei Michelsberg
Landvogtei Dilsberg
Landvogtei Strahlenburg

Upper Principality on Lake Constance (from 1806 "Province of the Landgraviate"), 1803–1807

Seat of the provincial government: Meersburg.

Counties of the margraves of Baden:

Government and Cammer Freiburg, 1806–1807

A fourth central authority was set up in 1806 for the newly acquired Austrian territories in 1805. However, there was no formal establishment of a corresponding province with a list of associated offices, since the middle administrative level was divided into three new provinces in 1807.

Period 1807–1809

1806 saw the last major territorial gains for Baden. Then, in 1807, three provinces were re-established (with even longer and more complicated provincial names) as well as a slight change in the district division (general tender on the division of the Grand Duchy of Baden into districts of June 22, 1807). This was corrected several times in the course of 1807 (sovereign ordinance of August 10, 1807, correction of the division of offices of October 17, 1807, ordinances for the reorganization of the province of the Lower Rhine in December 1807). The offices were now differentiated into sovereign offices on the one hand and civil (also landlord) offices on the other. In the civil and landlord offices, certain state rights remained with other monarchs (those that fell to Baden, but also monarchs from the Baden family). The more than 40 offices of the mediatized were not subordinated to sovereign offices, but mostly to sovereign upper bailiwick offices. The division into provinces and offices achieved in 1807 was only to last for two years.

Province of the Upper Rhine or the Baden Landgraviate, 1807–1809

Seat of the provincial government: Freiburg.

Sovereign offices
  • Office Markdorf
  • Obervogteiamt Meersburg
  • Upper Bailiwick of Überlingen
  • Oberamt Konstanz
  • Obervogteiamt Reichenau (retrospectively by ordinance of 10 August 1807)
  • Office Bohlingen
  • Office Blumenfeld
  • Obervogteiamt Pfullendorf
  • Obervogteiamt Villingen
  • Office Bonndorf
  • Office of Bettmaringen
  • Oberamt Waldshut
  • Office St. Blasien (until October 1807 staff office)
  • Obervogteiamt Schönau
  • Oberamt Säckingen
  • Office flexion
  • Oberamt Rötteln
  • Oberamt Schliengen
  • Oberamt Badenweiler
  • Wolfenweiler staff office (announced in June, repealed in October)
  • Obervogteiamt Heitersheim
  • Oberamt Staufen (until October 1807 staff office)
  • St Peter's Office
  • Obervogteiamt Triberg
  • Oberamt Waldkirch
  • Oberamt Freiburg
  • Stadtvogteiamt Freiburg
  • Oberamt Hochberg
  • Oberamt Kenzingen
  • Oberamt Breisach (retrospectively by order of November 10, 1807)
Statutory offices

Because of Schwarzenberg:

  • Oberamt Klettgau (at the latest 1809 "Oberamt Thiengen")

Because of Auersperg:

  • Tengen Office

Because of Fürstenberg:

  • Blumberg Office
  • Office of Stühlingen
  • Office Löffingen
  • Neustadt Office
  • Office Vöhrenbach
  • Haslach office
  • Wolfach Office
  • Donaueschingen Office
  • Office of Hüfingen
  • Office Möhringen
  • Office Engen
  • Amt Meßkirch (subsequently by ordinance of 10 August 1807)
  • Heiligenberg Office

Because of swimming:

  • Office Salem
  • Office Unterelchingen
  • Obervogteiamt Stetten am kalten Markt
  • Obervogteiamt Münchhöf
  • Petershausen Office
  • Herdwangen office
  • Obervogteiamt Hilzingen

Province of the Middle Rhine or the Baden Margraviate, 1807–1809

Seat of the provincial government: Karlsruhe.

Sovereign offices
  • Oberamt Mahlberg
  • Oberamt Lahr
  • Obervogteiamt Gengenbach
  • Oberamt Offenburg
  • Oberamt Oberkirch
  • Obervogteiamt Achern
  • Oberamt Bühl
  • Oberamt Schwarzach
  • Oberamt cork
  • Oberamt Rheinbischofsheim
  • Oberamt Steinbach
  • Oberamt Baden
  • Oberamt Eberstein
  • Oberamt Rastatt
  • Oberamt Ettlingen
  • Oberamt Pforzheim
  • Oberamt Stein
  • Oberamt Durlach
  • Oberamt Karlsruhe
  • Oberamt Bruchsal (by ordinance of 10 August 1807 from the Lower Rhine to the Middle Rhine)
  • Philippsburg Office (by ordinance of 10 August 1807 from the Lower Rhine to the Middle Rhine)
  • Amt Kislau (by ordinance of 10 August 1807 from the Lower Rhine to the Middle Rhine)

Province of the Lower Rhine or the Baden Palatinate County, 1807–1809

Seat of the provincial government: Mannheim.

Sovereign offices
  • Schwetzingen Office
  • Stadtvogteiamt Mannheim
  • Ladenburg Office
  • Weinheim Office
  • Head Office Heidelberg
  • Stadtvogteiamt Heidelberg
  • Neckargemünd Office
  • Neckarschwarzach office
  • Oberamt Waibstadt
  • Eppingen staff office
  • Office Bretten
  • Oberamt Gochsheim
  • Oberamt Bruchsal (by ordinance of 10 August 1807 from the Lower Rhine to the Middle Rhine)
  • Philippsburg Office (by ordinance of 10 August 1807 from the Lower Rhine to the Middle Rhine)
  • Amt Kislau (by ordinance of 10 August 1807 from the Lower Rhine to the Middle Rhine)
  • Oberamt des Odenwaldes (announced in June, repealed in December)
Statutory offices

In June 1807, the following civil offices were initially established: Because of the princely part of Leiningen: offices in Hilsbach, Mosbach, Eberbach, Miltenberg , Walldürn, Boxberg, Buchen, Tauberbischofsheim. Because of Leiningen's part of the count: Neidenau office. Because of Wertheim: offices of Wertheim, Rothenfels, Gerichstetten, Brombach, Rosenberg, Freudenberg. Because of Krautheim: authorities Grünsfeld, Ballenberg, Krautheim. The princely Liningian offices were broken down into so-called judicial offices in the course of 1807. These offices, as well as all other civil and landlord offices in the province of the Lower Rhine, were subordinated to three sovereign bailiffs in December 1807 (with the exception of the princely-Liningian offices of Hilsbach and Sinsheim, which were subordinated to the existing sovereign Oberamt Waibstadt).

  • Landvogtei Mosbach:
  1. Office Mosbach - princely-Liningian
  2. Amt Eberbach - princely-Liningian
  3. Office Lohrbach - princely-Liningian
  4. Amt Buchen - princely-Liningian
  5. Burken office - princely Liningian
  6. Amt Ballenberg - princely-salm-krautheimisch
  7. Amt Krautheim - princely-salm-krautheimisch
  8. Office Zwingenberg - Bretzenheim
  9. Amt Neudenau - Countly-Liningian
  • Landvogtei Miltenberg:
  1. Amt Miltenberg - princely-Liningian
  2. Amorbach office - princely-Liningian
  3. Amt Walldürn - Princely-Liningian
  4. Amt Hardheim - princely-Liningian
  5. Amt Mudau - princely-Liningian
  6. Amt Boxberg - princely-Liningian
  7. Amt Schüpf - Princely-Liningian
  8. Amt Rosenberg - princely-Löwenstein-Wertheimisch
  9. Courtstetten office - princely Löwenstein-Wertheim
  10. Heubach office - princely Löwenstein-Wertheim
  • Landvogtei Wertheim:
  1. Office Tauberbischofsheim - princely-Liningian
  2. Amt Lauda - Princely-Liningian
  3. Amt Külsheim - princely-linguistic
  4. Amt Wertheim - princely-Löwenstein-Wertheim
  5. Office Rothenfels - princely-Löwenstein-Wertheimisch
  6. Office Brombach - princely-Löwenstein-Wertheimisch
  7. Amt Freudenberg - princely-Löwenstein-Wertheimisch
  8. Office Grünsfeld - princely-salm-krautheimisch
  • Supervised by the Waibstadt Office:
  1. Office Hilsbach - princely-Liningian
  2. Amt Sinsheim - princely-Liningian

Period 1809-1832

The organizational rescript of November 26, 1809 provided the first exhaustive regulation of the newer administrative organization in Baden. On the middle level, the three provinces were abolished and replaced by ten districts following the French model. The district governments supervised the 66 sovereign and 53 civil district offices.

Until 1832 there were repeated amalgamations, shifts and other changes in the layout of the districts and offices, so that in 1832 there were only six districts and 55 sovereign and 22 civil offices. The tasks of the administrative levels were also changed again and again. In 1810, Baden ceded some offices to the Grand Duchy of Hesse , but also gained some areas of the Kingdom of Württemberg . This led to a first major change in the administrative structure (ordinance of November 15, 1810).

The lordly offices were converted into lordly authorities in 1813, but those of the Fürstenberg and Leiningen houses were restituted from 1824 and 1840 respectively.

Seekreis, 1809-1832

Headquarters of the district directorate: Konstanz.

Sovereign offices
  • Office of Constance
  • Office Meersburg
  • Office Überlingen
  • Pfullendorf staff office (temporarily subordinated to the Überlingen office from 1819–1821)
  • Office Blumenfeld (1810 from Seekreis)
  • Radolfzell Office (1810 from Württemberg)
  • Stockach Office (1810 from Württemberg)
  • Bonndorf Office (1819 from the Donaukreis)
  • Office Villingen (1819 from the Donaukreis)
  • Office of Bräunlingen (1819 from the Donaukreis)
  • Amt Tengen (1810 from Seekreis, 1811 to Amt Blumenfeld)
  • Bohlingen staff office (repealed in 1810)
Statutory offices
  • Salem Office (Salmansweiler)
  • Office Engen
  • Messkirch office
  • Amt Heiligenberg (repealed in 1813, rebuilt in 1824)
  • Amt Stetten am kalten Markt (called in 1810, repealed in 1813, rebuilt in 1826)
  • Petershausen Office (repealed in 1810)
  • Office Unterelchingen (ceded to Bavaria in 1811/1813)
  • Herdwangen Office (repealed in 1813)
  • Hilzingen Office (repealed in 1813)
  • Amt Münchhöf (named 1810, abolished in 1813)

Donaukreis, 1809-1819

Dissolved in 1819: The offices of Hornberg and Triberg for the Kinzigkreis, all other offices for the Seekreis. Headquarters of the district administration: Villingen.

Sovereign offices
  • Office Bonndorf (1819 to the Seekreis)
  • Office Villingen (1819 to the Seekreis)
  • Office Bräunlingen (unclear when this office was founded, in 1819 to the Seekreis)
  • Office Triberg (1819 to the Kinzigkreis)
  • Amt Hornberg (1810 from Württemberg, 1819 to Kinzigkreis)
  • Office of Blumenfeld (1810 to the Seekreis)
  • Office Bettmaringen (repealed in 1813)
Statutory offices
  • Office Hüfingen (1810 "Hüfingen with Donaueschingen", at the latest 1813 without Donaueschingen)
  • Neustadt Office
  • Office of Stühlingen
  • Office Donaueschingen (established until 1810, at the latest in 1813)
  • Office Möhringen (repealed in 1813, rebuilt in 1824)
  • Amt Tiengen (1813 to the Wiesenkreis)
  • Office Jestetten (1813 to the Wiesenkreis)
  • Amt Tengen (1810 to the Seekreis)
  • Haslach Office (from Kinzigkreis in 1810, Kinzigkreis again in 1813)
  • Wolfach Office (from Kinzigkreis in 1810, Kinzigkreis again in 1813)
  • Blumberg Office (repealed in 1824)
  • Amt Löffingen (repealed in 1813 or 1821)
  • Office Vöhrenbach (repealed by 1813 at the latest)

Wiesenkreis , 1809–1815

Dissolved in 1815, the offices came to the Dreisamkreis. Headquarters of the district directorate: Lörrach.

Sovereign offices
  • Kandern Office (1815 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Office Kleinlaufenburg (at the latest by 1813 "Laufenburg", 1815 for the Dreisamkreis)
  • Office Lörrach (1815 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Office Müllheim (1815 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Office Säckingen (1815 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Office St. Blasien (1815 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Office Schönau (1815 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Office Schopfheim (also "Schönau or Zell") (1815 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Office Waldshut (1815 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Badenweiler Office (repealed by 1813 at the latest)
Statutory offices
  • Amt Tiengen (1813 from Donaukreis, 1815 to Dreisamkreis)
  • Amt Jestetten (1813 from Donaukreis, 1815 to Dreisamkreis)

Dreisamkreis, 1809-1832

Headquarters of the district directorate: Freiburg.

Sovereign offices
  • Office of Breisach
  • Office Emmendingen
  • City Office Freiburg
  • Office of Staufen
  • Waldkirch Office
  • Office Kenzingen (1810 from the Kinzigkreis)
  • Office Lörrach (1815 from the Wiesenkreis)
  • Office of Müllheim (1815 from the Wiesenkreis)
  • Office Säckingen (1815 from the Wiesenkreis)
  • Office of St. Blasien (1815 from the Wiesenkreis)
  • Office Schönau (1815 from the Wiesenkreis)
  • Office Schopfheim (also "Schönau or Zell") (1815 from the Wiesenkreis)
  • Office Waldshut (1815 from the Wiesenkreis)
  • Oberamt Freiburg (established in 1819 from the First and Second Landamt)
  • Amt Endingen (repealed in 1819)
  • St. Peter's Office (repealed in 1819)
  • First Landamt Freiburg (merged with the Second Landamt to form a Landamt Freiburg in 1819)
  • Second Landamt Freiburg (merged with the First Landamt to form a Landamt Freiburg in 1819)
  • Amt Elzach (established in 1813, abolished in 1819)
  • Amt Heitersheim (established in 1813, repealed in 1819)
  • Kandern Office (1815 by the Wiesenkreis, repealed in 1819)
  • Office Laufenburg ("Klein-Laufenburg" by 1813 at the latest, 1815 by the Wiesenkreis, repealed in 1819)
Statutory offices
  • Amt Jestetten (1815 by the Wiesenkreis, repealed in 1817, re-established in 1819)
  • Amt Tiengen (1815 by the Wiesenkreis, repealed in 1819)

Kinzigkreis, 1809-1832

Headquarters of the district directorate: Offenburg.

Sovereign offices
  • Office cork
  • Oberamt Lahr (until 1831 Amt Lahr)
  • Ettenheim Office
  • Gengenbach Office
  • Oberamt Offenburg (established by 1813 at the latest from the City and First Land Office and Second Land Office, until 1819 Offenburg Office)
  • Office Oberkirch (1810 from Murgkreis)
  • Office Rheinbischofsheim (1810 from the Murgkreis?)
  • Triberg Office (1819 from the Danube District)
  • Office Hornberg (1819 from the Donaukreis)
  • Office Achern (1819 from the Murgkreis)
  • Office Bühl (1819 from Murgkreis)
  • Oberamt Hohengeroldseck (1819 to Baden, 1831 to Oberamt Lahr)
  • Office Appenweier (repealed at the latest since 1813, 1819)
  • City and First Land Office Offenburg (merged with the Second Land Office to Office Offenburg by 1813 at the latest)
  • Second Landamt Offenburg (merged with the City and First Landamt to Office Offenburg by 1813 at the latest)
  • Office Kenzingen (1810 to the Dreisamkreis)
  • Amt Mahlberg (repealed in 1813)
Statutory offices
  • Haslach office (1810 to the Danube district, 1813 again to the Kinzig district)
  • Wolfach office (1810 to the Danube district, 1813 again to the Kinzig district)

Murgkreis, 1809-1819

Dissolved in 1819: The offices of Achern and Bühl for the Kinzig district, the remaining offices for the Murg and Pfinz districts. District headquarters: Rastatt.

Sovereign offices
  • Office Achern (1819 to the Kinzigkreis)
  • Baden office (1819 to Murg and Pfinzkreis)
  • Office Bühl (1819 to the Kinzig district)
  • Office Ettlingen (1819 to Murg and Pfinzkreis)
  • Amt Gernsbach (1819 to Murg and Pfinzkreis)
  • Oberamt Rastatt (created in 1819 through the amalgamation of the City and First Land Office and the Second Land Office, in 1819 to Murg and Pfinzkreis)
  • City and First Landamt Rastatt (merged with the Second Landamt to form the Oberamt Rastatt in 1819)
  • Second Landamt Rastatt (merged with the City and First Landamt to form the Oberamt Rastatt in 1819)
  • Steinbach (established in 1813, repealed in 1819)
  • Office Oberkirch (1810 to the Kinzigkreis)
  • Office Rheinbischofsheim (1810 to the Kinzigkreis?)
  • Amt Renchen (abolished in 1810?)

Pfinz and Enzkreis, 1809–1819 / Murg and Pfinzkreis, 1819–1832

Headquarters of the district administration: Durlach.

Sovereign offices
  • City Office Karlsruhe (in 1819 certain administrative areas were outsourced as city ​​management and directly subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior)
  • Karlsruhe Regional Office
  • Oberamt Durlach (until 1824 Amt Durlach)
  • Office Bretten
  • Oberamt Bruchsal (created in 1819 from the merger of the City and First Land Office and the Second Land Office)
  • Oberamt Pforzheim (created in 1819 from the merger of the City and First Land Office and the Second Land Office)
  • Eppingen Office (established in 1810)
  • Baden Office (1819 from Murgkreis)
  • Office Ettlingen (1819 from Murgkreis)
  • Office Gernsbach (1819 from the Murgkreis)
  • Oberamt Rastatt (1819 from the Murgkreis)
  • Philippsburg Office (from Neckar District in 1810, back to Neckar District in 1813)
  • City and First Land Office Bruchsal (merged in 1819 with the Second Land Office to form the Oberamt Bruchsal)
  • Second Landamt Bruchsal (merged in 1819 with the City and First Landamt to form the Oberamt Bruchsal)
  • City and First Land Office Pforzheim (merged in 1819 with the Second Land Office to form the Oberamt Pforzheim)
  • Second Landamt Pforzheim (merged with the City and First Landamt to form the Oberamt Pforzheim in 1819)
  • Office Stein (repealed in 1821)
  • Office Gochsheim (repealed in 1810)
Statutory offices
  • Amt Gondelsheim (named in 1810, repealed in 1813 or 1826)
  • Hilsbach office (named 1810, repealed in 1813)
  • Amt Gemmingen (named in 1810, repealed in 1813)

Neckarkkreis, 1809-1832

Headquarters of the district directorate: Mannheim. Sovereign offices

  • City Office Mannheim
  • Ladenburg Office
  • Neckargemünd Office
  • Schwetzingen Office
  • Weinheim Office
  • Wiesloch Office (from 1810)
  • Office (Neckar) Bischofsheim (from 1810)
  • Office Neckarschwarzach (1810 from Odenwälderkreis, 1813 to Office Neckargemünd)
  • Oberamt Heidelberg (created in 1826 as a result of the merging of the municipal and rural offices)
  • Philippsburg Office (1810 to Pfinz and Enzkreis, 1813 again to Neckarkreis)
  • City Office Heidelberg (merged with Landamt Heidelberg to form the Upper Office Heidelberg in 1826)
  • Landamt Heidelberg (created in 1813 from the merger of Upper and Lower Heidelberg, merged with the City Office to form the Oberamt Heidelberg in 1826)
  • Landamt Ober-Heidelberg (merged with Unter-Heidelberg to form the Landamt Heidelberg in 1813)
  • Landamt Unter-Heidelberg (merged with Ober-Heidelberg to form the Landamt Heidelberg in 1813)
  • Office Eichtersheim (abolished 1810, 1813)
  • Rauenberg staff office (repealed in 1810)
Statutory offices
  • Office Eberbach (from 1810)
  • Office Sinsheim (from 1810)
  • City and First Land Office Mosbach (no later than 1813 from Office Mosbach)
  • Second Landamt Mosbach (no later than 1813 from Amt Mosbach)
  • Waibstadt Office (1810 from the Odenwälderkreis)
  • Office Mosbach (1810 from the Odenwälderkreis, in 1813 divided into City and First Land Office and Second Land Office)
  • Office Zwingenberg (abolished 1810, 1813)

Odenwälderkreis, 1809–1810

Repealed in 1810. Headquarters of the district directorate: Mosbach.

Sovereign offices
  • Office Neckarschwarzach (1810 to the Neckar District)
Statutory offices

Main and Tauber district, 1809–1832

District headquarters: Wertheim.

Statutory offices
  • Office book
  • City and First Land Office Wertheim (built in 1813 at the latest)
  • Second Landamt Wertheim (built in 1813 at the latest)
  • Amt Boxberg (named 1810)
  • Office Gerlachsheim (called 1810, until 1813 Office Grünsfeld)
  • Office (Tauber-) Bischofsheim (called 1810)
  • Office Walldürn (named 1810)
  • Amt (Ballenberg-) Krautheim (named as Ballenberg-Krautheim in 1810, abolished in 1813, re-established as Amt Krautheim in 1826)
  • Office Osterburken (named in 1810, 1828 by relocation of the official seat of Amt Adelsheim )
  • Office Adelsheim (named in 1810, abolished in 1813, by relocating the office in Osterburken there was again an office in Adelsheim from 1828)
  • Stadtamt Wertheim (1810 from Amt Wertheim, no later than 1813 Stadtamt and First Landamt Wertheim)
  • Landamt Wertheim (1810 from Amt Wertheim, no later than 1813 Second Landamt Wertheim)
  • Office Bronnbach (named 1810, repealed by 1813 at the latest)
  • Amt Neudenau (named in 1810, repealed in 1813)
  • Cheap home office (named 1810, repealed in 1813)
  • Office Lohrbach (named 1810, repealed in 1813)
  • Amt Mudau (named 1810, abolished in 1813)
  • Amt Rosenberg (named in 1810, repealed in 1813)
  • Amt Lauda (named in 1810, repealed in 1813)
  • Office Külsheim (-Hardheim) (named 1810, repealed in 1813)
  • Freudenberg Office (named 1810, repealed in 1813)
  • Amt Steinfeld (or "Rothenfels") (called 1810, abolished in 1813, territory to Bavaria in 1819)
  • Amt Wertheim (in 1810 divided into Stadtamt Wertheim and Landamt Wertheim)
  • Office Miltenberg (1810 to Hessen)
  • Amorbach office (named in 1810, assigned to Hessen in 1810)
  • Amt (Klein-) Heubach (named 1810, 1810 to Hessen)

Period 1832–1864

On May 1, 1832, the remaining six districts were dissolved and replaced by four newly founded districts. The authority was no longer called the district directorate , but the district government . After the lordship of Leiningen had been strengthened in their rights in 1840 - they regained the jurisdiction of the first instance and the lower level of police power - the princely Liningian offices were reorganized. In 1849 the rulers finally renounced their sovereign rights, which again led to changes in the division of offices. In 1857, the administration and administration of justice at the lower level were separated from one another, and ten district offices were abolished in parallel.

Seekreis, 1832–1864

Formed in 1832 from the offices of the old lake district. Seat of the district government: Constance.

Sovereign offices
  • Office of Constance
  • Office Meersburg (repealed in 1857)
  • Office of Blumenfeld (repealed in 1857)
  • Office Bonndorf
  • Office of Bräunlingen (repealed in 1840)
  • Office Pfullendorf
  • Radolfzell Office
  • Stockach Office
  • Office Überlingen
  • Office Villingen
Statutory offices
  • Office Donaueschingen (established in 1844)
  • Salem Office (repealed in 1857)
  • Stetten Office (repealed in 1849)
  • Office Engen
  • Heiligenberg Office (repealed in 1849)
  • Office of Hüfingen (repealed in 1849)
  • Office Möhringen (repealed in 1844)
  • Messkirch office
  • Neustadt Office
  • Office of Stühlingen (repealed in 1857)

Upper Rhine District, 1832–1864

1832 emerged from the offices of the Dreisamkreis and the offices of Ettenheim, Hornberg and Triberg of the Kinzigkreis. Seat of the district government: Freiburg.

Sovereign offices
  • Freiburg City Office (merged with the Landamt to form the Freiburg District Office in 1864)
  • Landamt Freiburg (merged with the municipal office to form the Freiburg district office in 1864)
  • Office of Breisach
  • Ettenheim Office
  • Office Hornberg (repealed in 1857)
  • Office Emmendingen
  • Office Jestetten (abolished in 1857, re-established as a district office in 1864)
  • Kenzingen Office
  • Office Loerrach
  • Office of Muellheim
  • Office of Säckingen
  • Office of St. Blasien
  • Office Schönau
  • Office Schopfheim
  • Office of Staufen
  • Triberg Office
  • Waldkirch Office
  • Office Waldshut

Middle Rhine District, 1832–1864

1832 arose from the offices of the Murg and Pfinz districts and the offices of the Kinzig district (except Ettenheim, Hornberg and Triberg). Seat of the district government: Rastatt, from 1847 Karlsruhe.

Sovereign offices
  • Rastatt Office
  • Office Achern
  • Baden Office
  • Office Rheinbischofsheim (repealed in 1857)
  • Office cork
  • Office Bretten
  • Office Bühl
  • Eppingen Office
  • Office Ettlingen
  • Gengenbach Office
  • Office Gernsbach
  • Office Lahr
  • Office Oberkirch
  • City Office Karlsruhe (merged with the Landamt to form the District Office Karlsruhe in 1864)
  • Landamt Karlsruhe (merged with the city office to form the Karlsruhe district office in 1864)
  • Oberamt Durlach
  • Oberamt Pforzheim
  • Oberamt Bruchsal
  • Oberamt Offenburg
Statutory offices
  • Haslach office (repealed in 1857)
  • Wolfach Office

Lower Rhine District, 1832–1864

1832 emerged from the offices of the Neckar district and the offices of the Main and Tauber district. Seat of the district government: Mannheim.

Sovereign offices
  • City Office Mannheim
  • Head Office Heidelberg
  • Office of Hoffenheim (1841 to 1848)
  • Ladenburg Office (repealed in 1864)
  • Schwetzingen Office
  • Philippsburg Office (repealed in 1864)
  • Neckarbischofsheim Office (repealed in 1864)
  • Neckargemünd Office (repealed in 1857)
  • Office Wiesloch
  • Weinheim Office
  • Neudenau zu Mosbach office (established in 1841, repealed in 1849)
Statutory offices

Period 1864-1939

With the law concerning the organization of the internal administration of October 5, 1863, effective October 1, 1864, the four old circles were dissolved and the middle administrative level was abolished. The eleven new districts that have now been set up are not directly government agencies, but local associations. Like the offices, they are part of the lower administrative level. The offices remained directly state. In contrast to Prussia or Württemberg , direct and indirect state administration on the lower level in Baden remained separate, a Baden peculiarity. The offices were now specifically named district offices . The number of district offices was initially 59, from 1872 52, from 1898 53, from 1924 40 and from 1936/38 27. At the Ministry of the Interior, positions for four ministerial representatives, called state commissioners, were set up to replace the central authorities that were no longer available. These “traveling supervisory bodies” were each assigned a state commissioner district, and they had to take their seat in their district capital.

In 1924, the administrative board of the district office was given the name Landrat, which is still used today . From 1933 it came to the so-called DC circuit of the Baden administrations with the Nazi state.

The state commissioner districts with their associated districts and offices:

Administrative structure 1890: State commissioner districts, districts and district offices
Baden 1930 (with the state commissioner districts)

State Commissioner District Constance , 1864–1939

Constance district
Villingen district
Waldshut district

Regional Commissioner District Freiburg , 1864–1939

Freiburg district
District of Loerrach
Offenburg district

Karlsruhe State Commissioner District , 1864–1939

Baden district
Karlsruhe district

State Commissioner District Mannheim , 1864–1939

Mannheim district
District of Heidelberg
District of Mosbach

Period 1939–1945

The remaining 27 administrative districts were called from January 1, 1939 districts and the district office as the lower state administrative authority of the district administrator . The legal framework for this was established by the district ordinance of June 24, 1939, and seven Baden towns were also declared urban districts after the Reich government issued the first ordinance to implement the German municipal ordinance in March 1935 (RGBl. I p. 393) defined seven cities as urban districts in the sense of the DGO. With effect from June 15, 1939, the districts also took the place of the Baden districts as self-governing bodies according to the administrative law of 1863 and the district order of 1923.

The state commissioner districts with their associated urban and rural districts:

State Commissioner District Constance, 1939–1945

Urban district
Counties

Regional Commissioner District Freiburg, 1939–1945

Urban district
Counties

Karlsruhe State Commissioner District, 1939–1945

City districts
Counties

State Commissioner District Mannheim, 1939–1945

City districts
Counties

outlook

With the end of the Second World War and the collapse of the Nazi-led German Reich in 1945, the factual end of the state of Baden came to an end. All subsequent administrative-historical events no longer relate to this article (see Württemberg-Baden , [Southern] Baden and Baden-Württemberg ).

At this point, a brief outlook on the fate of the former Baden administrative districts: The Baden central authorities and with them the state commissioners ceased to act, the rural and urban districts, however, continued to exist and initially had to provide an enormous administrative service, not least because the Inoperable authorities of Baden and the Reich, whose tasks the districts now had to deal with in part.

The state territory of Baden was assigned to two different occupation zones , and through the formation of different countries in these zones, the territory of Baden became part of two different countries. Southern Baden became part of the state of [Southern] Baden , so it was able to continue the Baden state identity there for the time being. Northern Baden, on the other hand, did not remain independent, but became part of the state of Württemberg-Baden together with northern Württemberg . In this state, with the two districts [North] Baden and [North] Württemberg, two intermediate authorities were set up, which for the first time since 1864 brought the introduction of a state intermediate level for northern Baden. Different administrative constitutions developed in both countries.

In 1952 the two states were united with the state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern to form the state of Baden-Württemberg . A middle administrative level was also introduced in Baden-Wuerttemberg, with the result that a state middle level existed again in southern Baden. The territorial identity of Baden lived on within the boundaries of the administrative districts of North Baden and South Baden . In 1953 the urban district of Konstanz was dissolved and reintegrated into the district of Konstanz. The three different administrative constitutions were gradually unified, the legal status and tasks of the districts and their organs, district council and district council, were regulated by the Baden-Württemberg district regulations.

As part of a regional reform in Baden-Württemberg , the boundaries of the Baden-Württemberg government districts, administrative districts and urban districts were changed to such an extent that the last remnant of Baden's territorial identity was lost. Forty years later, however, the term “southern Baden” is still sometimes used when speaking of the administrative district of Freiburg , although this includes various areas that were formerly Baden and Württemberg. The term "North Baden" is common for the Karlsruhe administrative region .

See also

literature

  • Karl Stiefel : Baden 1648–1952 . 2 volumes, 2104 pages, Karlsruhe 1977.
  • Franz Götz: districts and districts in the Baden Lake Constance area . Radolfzell 1971 (Hegau Library, Volume 17).
  • Historical atlas of Baden-Württemberg, maps VII, 4 and VII, 5 administrative divisions in Baden, Württemberg and Hohenzollern , with an epithet. Stuttgart 1976.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Electoral Baden state organization: 6th edict of March 9, 1803
  2. ^ Government Gazette of the Grand Duchy of Baden 1807, p. 93 , additions p. 231 , see also the list of manors
  3. ^ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette 1809, p. 395
  4. ↑ Großherzoglich Badisches Regierungsblatt 1810, p. 355
  5. ↑ Großherzoglich Badisches Regierungsblatt 1813, p. 129
  6. ↑ Resolution of December 11th, 1819. In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. XXX. December 1, 1819, pp. 196-198; here in particular p. 196
  7. ↑ Resolution of December 11th, 1819. In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. XXX. December 1, 1819, pp. 196-198; here in particular p. 196
  8. ^ In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. V. of February 10, 1819, p. 19
  9. ^ In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. V. of February 10, 1819, p. 19
  10. ↑ Resolution of December 11th, 1819. In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. XXX. December 1, 1819, pp. 196-198; here in particular p. 196
  11. ↑ Resolution of December 11th, 1819. In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. XXX. December 1, 1819, pp. 196-198; here in particular p. 196
  12. ^ In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. V. of February 10, 1819, p. 19
  13. ↑ Resolution of December 11th, 1819. In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. XXX. December 1, 1819, pp. 196-198; here in particular p. 196
  14. ↑ Resolution of December 11th, 1819. In: Großherzoglich Badischen Staats- und Regierungsblatt No. XXX. December 1, 1819, pp. 196-198; here in particular p. 196
  15. ^ Grand Ducal Baden State and Government Gazette 1832, p. 133
  16. ^ Grand Ducal Baden State and Government Gazette 1840, p. 263
  17. ^ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette 1849, p. 442
  18. ^ Ordinance, effective September 1, 1857, Großherzoglich Badisches Regierungs-Blatt 1857, p. 318
  19. ^ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette 1857, p. 357
  20. ^ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette 1863, p. 399
  21. ↑ For the enforcement ordinance, see Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette 1864, p. 333
  22. ↑ By ordinance, see Großherzoglich Badisches Regierungs-Blatt 1864, p. 299 , the district offices of Gerlachsheim, Ladenburg, Neckarbischofsheim, Philippsburg were abolished on October 1st, 1864 , the city and rural office of Freiburg merged into the district office of Freiburg, and the city and rural office of Karlsruhe became a district office Karlsruhe unified and the seat of the Krautheim district office relocated to Boxberg. The office of Jestetten, which was abolished in 1857, was restored as the Jestetten District Office.