Office of Lauda

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The Lauda office was an office of the former Würzburg monastery since 1506 .

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

History of origin

The rulership of the Lauda office changed several times. The lords of Luden (Lauda) are documented for 1135–1215 . The heir daughter of the last Lord of Luden is said to have passed on to Count Gerhard III. von Rieneck married. The transition to the County of Rieneck was not easy. Count Ludwig von Rieneck, a son of Gerhard III., Had taken possession of the office by 1225 at the latest. However, this was contested against him by the diocese of Würzburg , which in the end could not prevail against Rieneck. When the Rieneck inheritance was divided in 1243, Lauda came to the Rieneck-Rothenfels line.

In 1312 the office was sold to the Lords of Hanau for 3,000 guilders , a few years later, on April 23, 1316, but half of it was bought back by the Counts of Rieneck for 1,500 guilders, so that a condominium was created between Hanau and Rieneck. For the other half, Rieneck had a buyback right for the next 14 years. Since later there is no longer any mention of a Hanau share, they seem to have made use of it.

After the death of the last male member of the Rieneck-Rothenfels line, both Kurmainz and the Würzburg diocese tried to take over the Lauda office for themselves. The heiress, Adelheid von Rieneck-Rothenfels, sold her inheritance claim in 1342 to Emperor Ludwig IV, the Bavarian . This consolidated the property and gave it as a fief to the Counts of Hohenlohe . In 1351 the active loan from Ludwig VI., The Roman , a son of Ludwig IV., Was transferred to his brother, Otto , Elector of Brandenburg . The debt was to a large extent with the Hohenlohern and the Hanauers, so that Lauda in 1357 in court Ulrich III. was awarded. After a further dispute, Emperor Karl IV decided in 1363 that Lauda should be an active loan from the Palatinate and a passive loan from the Lords of Hanau. However, in 1376 the von Hohenlohe family were again entitled to dispose: They pledged Lauda to the Palatinate for 10,000 guilders, and in 1398 they even sold it for 10,200 guilders. The Palatinate used Lauda in 1435 to secure a loan from the Knights of Eremberg and then pledged it in 1450 to the Counts of Rieneck. From there, the pledge was transferred to von Wertheim through an heir daughter . In the years 1503 to 1506 there was a triangular deal: The very wealthy Ludwig von Hutten redeemed the pledge instead of the Palatinate. Then the Palatinate and Hutten sold their rights to the diocese of Würzburg.

history

The Würzburg bishopric formed its own office from the rights acquired in this way . To this office Lauda included:

The castle Upper Lauda was up to its destruction in the German Peasants' War headquarters of the Office Lauda. On Good Friday in 1525, insurgent farmers set fire to the large complex above Oberlauda.

The statistics of the Hochstift Würzburg from 1699 name 644 subjects in 1 city and 6 villages. The following were deducted from the office as annual income for the bishopric: Estimate : 150 Reichstaler, excise and ungeld : 302 fl and smoke pound : 619 pounds.

The office remained largely unchanged until the secularization of the Diocese of Würzburg in 1803. It then came first to the Principality of Leiningen . After the principality was dissolved in 1806 by the Rhine Federation Act , it was then added to the Grand Duchy of Baden . A Lauda district office was set up there, but it was dissolved again in 1813.

Cent Lauda

The district court of Lauda included the official places except Beckstein. Then there were Gerlachsheim , Kützbrunn , Oberbalbach , Kleinrinderfeld , and Kist .

The main court was held in Lauda Town Hall. The pillory and the stick were also on the town hall square . The embarrassing interrogation was carried out in the center tower, the later Amthof (burned down in 1917). The place of execution was the Galgenberg, about 1000 meters south of the town center.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schreck, p. 98.
  2. ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 2. 767-1301-1350. Publications from the Royal Prussian State Archives, Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 No. 157.
  3. ↑ Schreck, p. 107.
  4. ↑ See: Otto Appel: The political activity of Ulrich III. Lord of Hanau 1346-1370. A contribution to the history of the Lords and Counts of Hanau = HGBll 5 (1922), p. 13; Dommerich: Documented history of the gradual expansion of the County of Hanau from the middle of the 13th century until the house died out in 1736 . In: Communications from the Hanau District Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies 1/2 (1860), p. 122.
  5. ↑ Schreck, p. 109.
  6. ↑ LEO-BW.de: Oberlauda - Altgemeinde ~ part of town . Online at www.leo-bw.de. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
  7. ^ Franconian news : Lauda / Königshofen. Home history. On Good Friday 1525, insurgent farmers set fire to the large complex above Oberlauda. The end of the castle 490 years ago . April 24, 2015. Online at www.fnweb.de. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
  8. ^ Alfred Schröcker (editor): Statistics of the Hochstift Würzburg around 1700, ISBN 3-8771-7031-5 , p. 114 ff.
  9. ^ Gregor Schöpf: Historical-statistical description of the Hochstift Würzburg, 1802, p. 613, digitized .
  10. ↑ Hans-Joachim Zimmermann: Courts and execution sites in Hochstiftisch-Würzburg administrative and rural sites, Diss. 1976, p. 143