Office Bischofsheim

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The (upper) office of Bischofsheim was an office of the Counts of Wertheim and the Bishopric of Würzburg .

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers. The office Bischofsheim was called Oberamt in the 18th century. This was just a name; it was not associated with a superior position over other offices. It was also a central office , that is, a high court district.

history

The area around Bischofsheim had been owned by the bishopric since Franconian times. The core of the Würzburg exercise of power in the area was Bischofsheim Castle, which no longer exists today. From this and its accessories, the office of Bischofsheim was created as part of the territorialization .

Conrad III. von Trimberg donated Trimberg lordship and castle to the Würzburg monastery in 1279 and went to a monastery. His son, Konrad IV. Von Trimberg, did not agree and demands the castle and office back. In a recession in 1292 he agreed with the Würzburg monastery that he should withdraw his application and receive the office of Bischofsheim with the chamber forest as compensation. In 1376 the branch of the Trimberg family with Konrad II died out and the office fell back to the Bishopric of Würzburg as a settled fief.

In 1681 Burgwallbach also came to the Würzburg monastery and to the office of Bischofsheim. Burgwallbach was owned by von Bibra . After the death of Heinrich von Bibra, Würzburg moved into the fiefdom in 1602 because the line of the barons of Bibra zu Irmelshausen with inheritance rights was Protestant. After a lengthy process, the Imperial Court of Justice awarded the property to the descendants of Bibras in 1681. In a settlement, Würzburg was left with Burgwallbach. As compensation, the Bibras received the Brennhausen estate in Grabfeld.

The statistics of the Hochstift Würzburg from 1699 name 935 subjects in the 1st city and 14 villages. The following were deducted from the office as annual income for the bishopric: Appraisal : 143 Reichstaler, 16 1/4 Batzen, excise and ungeld : 477 fl and smoke pound : 905 pound.

After the transition to Electoral Palatinate Bavaria in 1802, the office was dissolved and the places assigned to the district court of Bischofsheim .

scope

At the end of the HRR , the Bischofsheim office consisted of the town of Bischofsheim and the towns of Burgwallbach , Frankenheim , Haselbach , Kilianshof , Oberbach , Oberweißbrunn , Reußendorf , Rothenrain , Schönau , Sondernau , Unterweißbrunn , Wegfurt , Weisbach and Wildflecken . Historically, the following were counted as official places: Sorg (desert near Haselbach), Rotes Moor (desert), Heiligenkreuz (inn) and the Silberhof.

Central court

The cents included the official places except Burgwallbach, Kilianshof, Reußendorf and Weisbach.

The main court was held in civil matters in the town hall and in criminal matters outside the city in front of the upper gate at the Schöpenstuhl. As a field name, "Die Cent", west of the city, indicates this court square. The prison was located in the part of town called the Stock or "das Stöckle". At the town hall was the so-called "Nerbestein", the pillory . The gallows was on the road to Franckenheim. The place is marked today by two large rowan trees.

Office building

Office building

In 1611 the Würzburg administrative building (today's address: Kirchplatz 5) was built in place of the castle. It is a three-storey, solid plastered building with corner blocks and a gable roof and a polygonal stair tower as well as a Renaissance portal. The office building was the seat of the officials and later senior officials. It was later used by the District Court of Bischofsheim and then by the District Court of Bischofsheim an der Rhön . It is a listed building as a monument.

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Joachim Zimmermann: Courts and execution sites in Hochstiftisch-Würzburg official and country sites, Diss. 1976, pp. 123-124

Coordinates: 50 ° 24 ′ 8 ″  N , 10 ° 0 ′ 23.5 ″  E