Office Prosselsheim

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The prince-bishop's office in Prosselsheim was an administrative unit in the medieval and early modern bishopric of Würzburg with its seat in Prosselsheim , later Rimpar . It had existed since the late Middle Ages, although predecessor institutions probably already existed. Between 1698 and 1701, as well as from 1722, the office was merged with that of Rimpar and since then has been called Amt Rimpar-Prosselsheim (or Amt Prosselsheim with Rimpar ). In 1804 it was dissolved.

history

Since the Frankish colonization in the 7th and 8th centuries, Prosselsheim was a central place with a royal court, which also included a court seat. In 903 the place and its surrounding area fell to the diocese of Würzburg , which further strengthened the centrality of Prosselsheim. However, it was not until the 14th century that a bailiff was first mentioned in the village. In 1318 the "ammechtmann" from "Broyzelsheim" appeared in a document . He was given special rights, which suggest that Prosselsheim was already a more important office at that time.

In the 14th century, the district court in Prosselsheim was formed, which existed alongside the office for centuries. Both officials of the bishop, bailiff and centgrave, resided in the prince-bishop's castle in town, which was given to the men as a fief. There were two groups of officials. On the one hand, aristocrats often held the office as a service loan; on the other hand , the bishops pledged the office more often and thus underlined the special responsibility of the officials for their office.

The bailiff of Prosselsheim was used to protect the residents. He was also responsible for receiving the homage for the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg from the family heads. In addition, taxes in kind were delivered in the office building. So the so-called Ungeld , a wine consumption tax, was also collected from the places on the Mainschleife belonging to the office . The bailiff of Prosselsheim was responsible for the operation of the bathing room in the village and maintained the sheep farm in Prosselsheim.

In 1669, the Prosselsheim office was one of 22 of the total of 169 offices in the bishopric, which were occupied by a bailiff, an office cellar, a centgrave and a counter-clerk. From 1698 to 1701, the offices of Rimpar and Prosselsheim were merged for the first time, with the bailiff residing in Rimpar Castle from then on . From 1722 only the official cellar resided in Prosselsheim , the palace built in 1756 was consequently also called the official cellar.

In 1802, the Würzburg monastery was dissolved by Napoleon as part of the reorganization of Europe. The Oberamt Rimpar-Prosselsheim continued to exist for two years in Rimpar, which now belongs to Kurpfalz-Bavaria , and then also disappeared. The places of the former office were added to the district courts of Dettelbach , Volkach and Würzburg right of the Main .

scope

The scope of the Prosselsheim office changed significantly over time. In the Middle Ages, the office probably lost part of the place because other administrative districts were created in the area. In 1380, "Effeltrech" and "Rodhöfen" were still counted as part of the Prosselsheim office. Both places no longer appear in the first comprehensive description of the office in 1468 . Under Prince Bishop Rudolf II von Scherenberg , the office included the places Prosselsheim, Seligenstadt , Neusetz , Köhler , Escherndorf and Oberpleichfeld . Schnepfenbach with its important mill only partially belonged to the office (this side of the brook).

However, individual subjects in other places also belonged to the office. So the cash was also confiscated from some drivers . From 1603 Püssensheim also belonged to the Prosselsheim office , from 1684 also Kürnach . In the meantime, the office also included the places Untereisenheim and Unterpleichfeld . By merging with Rimpar, the office grew strongly, with eleven villages finally belonging to it in 1801. These were (without Prosselsheim itself):

  • New set
  • Oberpleichfeld
  • Püssensheim
  • Rimpar
  • Unterpleichfeld

Cent Prosselsheim

The Prosselsheim cents included: Proselsheim, Escherndorf , Köhler , Neusetz, Schnepfenbach this side of the brook, Kaltenhausen , the Sulzhardt farm, Seligenstadt, Dipbach, Püssensheim, Fahr, Euerfeld .

The cent court was held in Proselsheim in front of the lower gate on Zentberg on Volkacher Strasse. This was about 1000 meters east of the town center.

Cent Rimpar

The Rimpar Cent included: Rimpar, Lengfeld , Rothhof, Kürnach , Unterpleichfeld , Maidbronn , Rupprechtshausen , Mühlhausen , Versbach , Burggrumbach , Estenfeld

The cent court was initially held in Estenfeld. It took place there first on the "Centhügel" and then on the "Court at the Rhödern". The field locations "das long Roth" and "das kurz Roth" to the northwest of the intersection of Schweinfurter and Maidbronner Straße are reminiscent of the second. From 1380 the procedure took place at the moat of the fortress Estenfeld, i.e. in today's upper Ritterstraße. In some cases, negotiations also took place at the place of execution, the gallows ground. The parcels "bei der Schranne", "Galgenacker", "Im Galgengrund" and "Galgengrund" are about 1400 meters north of the town center. In 1596 the court was moved to Rimpar. The court was now held in the inn or in the town hall. The execution site was about 1,500 meters northwest of the village.

Bailiffs (selection)

The bailiffs were mostly recruited from the lower nobility , from the early modern period onwards , learned citizens also held the post of bailiff at times . In the Middle Ages, either service loans could be granted or the entire office with all its affiliations was pledged to the bailiff, who thereby had more responsibility for the office transferred to his possession. The bailiffs have been passed down by name since the 14th century:

  • Albrecht the Elder and Albrecht the Young of Vestenberg (called 1388)
  • Anselm von Rosenberg (1427–1454)
  • Hans Jörg von Fischborn (named 1582)
  • Georg Rind (named 1615)
  • Philipp Albert Lochinger (1619–1633)
  • Christoph Faltermayer (named 1636)
  • Johann Rudolff (1651–1672)
  • N. Kottwitz von Aulenbach (named 1674)
  • Johann Caspar Kühn (1678–1680)
  • Johann Gottfried Haimb (1680-1715)
  • Johann Wolfgang Wilhelm Freiherr von Hausen and Gleichensdorff (1722–1729)
  • Philipp Wilhelm von Croneck (1729–1742)
  • Philipp Freiherr von Münster (1746–1766)
  • Constantin Freiherr von Welden (1767–1772)
  • Friedrich Freiherr von und zu Frankenstein (1773–1803)

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Demel, Christine: 1250 years Prosselsheim with Seligenstadt and Püssensheim . P. 71 f.
  2. ^ Demel, Christine: 1250 years Prosselsheim with Seligenstadt and Püssensheim . P. 76.
  3. ↑ Gregor Schöpf: Historical-statistical description of the Hochstift Würzburg, 1802, p. 615 ff., Digitized .
  4. ↑ Hans-Joachim Zimmermann: Courts and Execution Places in Hochstiftisch-Würzburg County and Country Towns, Diss. 1976, p. 158.
  5. ^ Gregor Schöpf: Historical-statistical description of the Hochstift Würzburg, 1802, p. 616, digitized .
  6. ↑ Hans-Joachim Zimmermann: Courts and Execution Places in Hochstiftisch-Würzburg County and Country Towns, Diss. 1976, pp. 159–160.
  7. ^ Demel, Christine: 1250 years Prosselsheim with Seligenstadt and Püssensheim . P. 79 f.