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City of Dettelbach
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| Height : | 265 m |
| Residents : | 500 |
| Incorporation : | May 1, 1978 |
| Postal code : | 97337 |
| Area code : | 09324 |
 Location of Euerfeld (bold) in the Dettelbach municipal area
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Euerfeld is a district of the town of Dettelbach in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen .
Geographical location
Euerfeld is connected to the trunk road network by the B 22 , which is five kilometers away and at the exit of which is the Mainfrankenpark . Euerfeld is about ten kilometers east-northeast of Würzburg . Politically, it belongs to the Kitzingen district and is one of twelve districts of the wine town of Dettelbach am Main.
The village of Lugshofen , the Fronhof and the so-called Seehof were originally located in the district of Euerfeld . Lugshofen was given up in the 16th century and the district was merged with that of Euerfeld. Several natural monuments have been preserved around the village, for example an old group of trees at the cemetery. Another group of trees made up of eight linden trees and three chestnut trees can be found south of the county road. The third natural monument in Euerfeld, a wetland biotope in an old quarry, has probably been destroyed. The village is surrounded by an extensive bird sanctuary in the typical Gäu landscape .
In terms of its natural surroundings, Euerfeld is located on the so-called plateaus in the southern Maindreieck , which are counted among the Gäuf areas in the Maindreieck. Typical are the approximately 300 m high areas that slope steeply towards the Main. The north of the district, on the other hand, is assigned to the Gäuf area in the northern Maindreieck . It is far less cut up by stream valleys.
history
Prehistory and early history
To your field and its neighboring village Schernau several settlements have carried the day from almost every era of Central European pre- and early history preserved. In the northeast of the village was a settlement that was continuously populated by people of the linear ceramic culture , Bronze Age groups and associations of people from the Iron Age, especially the Hallstatt and Latène cultures . The settlement area of Euerfeld was still populated during the migration period.
Due to population displacement during the migration period after the 4th century, the area around Euerfeld was initially inhabited by Celts , who probably no longer left a permanent settlement here. They were later ousted by the Thuringians. Eventually the Franks reached the area around Dettelbach and established real administrative structures for the first time. This is how two royal courts were created in Prosselsheim and on the Vogelsburg . The Euerfeld area initially remained uninhabited.
middle Ages
The suffix "-feld" in the name of the village refers to the time of the Frankish colonization in the 6th and 7th centuries. Euerfeld was built much more south than today's settlement, which explains the peripheral location of the church on the brook. The place was mentioned for the first time in 895. In a document, the Würzburg bishop Rudolf I probably handed over the goods in Euerfeld to the Benedictine monastery Schwarzach . The document calls the place "Urveld", which indicates that the land around the place has been made fertile and usable.
In the early and high Middle Ages , the springs only flowed slowly over the village. Little is known about the history of Euerfeld during this period. At that time, there were three large courtyards in the west of the district, which are now considered to be total devastation. However, the masters of these courts have been handed down. One was owned by the St. Agnes Monastery in Würzburg, the other was built by the Carthusian monastery of Ilmbach , which was founded in 1281 .
Only at the end of the Middle Ages did Euerfeld himself reappear in the sources. In 1499 it was mentioned that the village was assigned to the Prosselsheim district court and that a few residents were now subordinate to the Würzburg prince-bishop. It was not until 1535 that a document mentions the actual village lord. The Haug collegiate monastery in Würzburg had risen to become the most important landlord in Euerfeld without knowledge of the sources and the monastery chapter was "the right lord in the village over all goods and nobody else."
Early modern age
In 1567 there was a water dispute between the millers in Euerfeld, Schernau, Brück and Dettelbach. The Euerfelder had diverted the brook and thus deprived the neighboring villages of the power for their mills . It took several years for the mill dispute to be resolved. Among other things, a large area map was created as a kind of overview display , in which Euerfeld, greatly simplified, was shown for the first time.
In the 16th century, probably around 1567, the village converted to the new Lutheran faith. The Stift Haug was indeed actually a still Catholic institution, but the then bowed provost of the pin from the Brandenburg-Ansbach Reformation to. The Counter-Reformation , especially promoted by Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn , changed the denominational composition of the population again, so that Euerfeld is predominantly Catholic today.
For a long time the place had a so-called Dorfhag , which consisted of a moat and a fence hedge and was supposed to protect your field from external enemies. The exact location of this attachment is unclear. In peacetime, the existence of the village hag was threatened by willful destruction, which is why a village regulation from the 16th century assessed a fine of two pounds for the destruction of the hag. The village hag, like the walling around cities, probably disappeared towards the end of the 17th century.
At the beginning of the 17th century a new church was built in Euerfeld, which in turn was consecrated to St. Michael. The previous building probably fell victim to a fire. In addition, the plague raged in the village in 1611 and claimed many lives. The Thirty Years' War put additional strain on the place, with no precise number of victims or billing information for Euerfeld. After the war a great fire broke out in 1685, in which the village was almost completely. The new village was built at the current location.
The murder of Michael Estenfelder in 1692 was decisive for the history of the village. The three-year-old was found in a field. The villagers quickly suspected the Jews from nearby Schernau. In order to avoid unrest, the prince-bishop had all people of Israelite faith from Schernau arrested. The culprit for the murder was never found. At the same time, the local pastor from Euerfeld began to preach against the Jews and to describe the dead as a martyr. There was even a small pilgrimage .
Modern times
At the beginning of the 19th century, the Würzburg Monastery and with it the Haug Monastery were secularized and Euerfeld came under the Kingdom of Bavaria . Now the focus was more on the nearby town of Dettelbach, which soon also became the competent regional court seat. In 1862 the place came to the Volkach district office . In 1892 the church was expanded. Over the course of the century, Euerfeld became an important arable farming area, while viticulture lost its importance.
As early as 1909, land consolidation began in the place and the fields were thus made more efficient. In 1914 the village received a kindergarten . In 1963, Euerfeld was connected to the Franconian long-distance water supply , and two years later the canalization of the place began. In 1969 the place lost its own elementary school and became part of the Dettelbach school association. On May 1, 1978 Euerfeld was incorporated into Dettelbach.
coat of arms
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Blazon : "In red the standing, golden nimbly archangel Michael, clad in silver, with silver wings; in the right a golden ear of wheat, in the left an oval shield, covered: in blue inclined, notched flag set in silver and red on a golden rod " |
| Foundation of the coat of arms: The Euerfeld coat of arms came into being after the dissolution of the independent municipality and was designed by Ossi Krapf in 1982. The tinging in red and white refers to the connection to the Hochstift Würzburg , whose coat of arms also has this color combination. The sign with the so-called racing flag is also a reference to Würzburg. Saint Michael, on the other hand, is the patron saint of the local parish church, while the golden ear of corn refers to the agriculture around Euerfeld. |
Attractions
A small church already existed in Euerfeld in the Middle Ages. In the 17th century it had to be rebuilt twice within a few years. The Catholic parish church of St. Michael was built in its present form in 1892. A complete renovation took place between 2007 and 2009, with the interior being redesigned. The center, the reason for the pilgrimage , is a picture of Micheles from Euerfeld .
Inspired by the Catholic rural youth movement in Germany , the Brother Klaus Chapel , consecrated in 1989 and named after the Swiss mystic Niklaus von Flüe , the patron of the KLJB , was built on the outskirts in Binzigrund, in the middle of a newly laid out biotope . Many other monuments date from the 18th and 19th centuries. A house figure came to Euerfeld from Jakob van der Auwera's workshop.
A war memorial chapel in the cemetery honors the fallen of the First World War, it was built in 1925.
literature
- Hans Bauer: Dettelbach. History of a romantic city on the Main and its districts . Münsterschwarzach 1983.
- Hans Bauer: District of Kitzingen. An art and culture guide . Market wide 1993.
- Dieter Heußinger: From the history of the district of Euerfeld 1900–1984 . In: City of Dettelbach (Ed.): Dettelbach. 1484-1984. Festschrift and small characteristics of a 500 year old city . Dettelbach 1984. pp. 274-277.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Bauer, Hans: Dettelbach . P. 234.
- ^ Bauer, Hans: Dettelbach . P. 236.
- ^ Bauer, Hans: District of Kitzingen . P. 34.
- ^ Bauer, Hans: Dettelbach . P. 250 f.
- ↑ Heussinger, Dieter: From the history of the district of Euerfeld . P. 276.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 748 .
- ^ Bauer, Hans: Dettelbach and its districts . P. 252.
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