Neusetz (Dettelbach)

New set City of Dettelbach Coordinates: 49 ° 50 ′ 24 ″  N , 10 ° 8 ′ 47 ″  E
Height :	244 m
Residents :	170
Incorporation :	January 1, 1978
Postal code :	97337
Area code :	09324
Location of Neusetz (bold) in the Dettelbach municipal area

Neusetz (formerly Neuses am Grund ) is a district of the town of Dettelbach in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen .

Geographical location

Neusetz is located in the far north of the municipality of Dettelbach. In the north, the district of Würzburg begins with the community of Prosselsheim. It follows (clockwise): In the northeast the Volkach district of Köhler , in the east the Kreuzberg on the Weininsel , in the southeast the Dettelbach district Neuses am Berg , in the south Schnepfenbach . In the west are the remains of the abandoned Sulzhof , which belonged to Neusetz for a long time.

The next larger cities are Kitzingen, which is 11 kilometers away, and Würzburg, which is around 16 kilometers away.

In terms of nature, the northern and western districts of Dettelbach are located in the Gäufläche in the northern Maindreieck , which differs from the neighboring natural areas primarily due to its dryness. To the northeast of the village, the bird sanctuary and fauna and flora habitat Prosselsheimer Holz protrudes into the district of Neusetz.

history

Prehistory and early history

Around Neusetz, underground settlement sites from many epochs of Central European prehistory and early history have been preserved, so that it can be assumed that the current area of ​​the village was already permanently settled in the Neolithic . The people of the Cord Ceramic Culture also used a place in the east of the village to bury their dead here. The settlements around Neusetz were still in use during the Urnfield Age, when bronze was already used. Iron Age people from the Latène period also lived here .

Due to population displacement during the migration period , the area around Neusetz was initially inhabited by Celts , who probably no longer left a permanent settlement here. They were later ousted by the Thuringians. Eventually the Franks reached the area around Dettelbach and established real administrative structures for the first time. This is how two royal courts were created in Prosselsheim and on the Vogelsburg . The area around Neusetz initially remained uninhabited.

Middle Ages and Early Modern Times

The origin of today's place is not clear. Possibly the village was initially assigned directly to the Prosselsheimer Hof, so that one can assume that Neusetz was also founded in the 6th or 7th century in the course of the Frankish colonization . "Nustze" was first mentioned in a document in 1165. The place name, later changed to differentiate between Neuses am Berg and Neuses, refers to a "new seat", ie a rather late foundation.

The branch church in the village

During the High Middle Ages , changing noble families ruled over the place. There are very few sources from this time about the village, only at the end of the late Middle Ages can Neusetz be found again. In the 15th century the village came under the control of the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg . During this time, Prosselsheim became the official seat of the bishopric and Neusetz quickly became part of this administrative district. In 1499 "our gracious lord von Wirtzburg was supreme lord and bailiff ".

Although the bishopric had sovereignty over Neusetz, other lords in the village were also wealthy. Some vacant farms belonged to the Haug collegiate monastery in Würzburg, the pastor from Prosselsheim and the Cistercian convent in Mariaburghausen . The largest courtyard in the village was the so-called "Eyrichshof", which also played an economically important role for the village in later centuries. In 1499 Neusetz had around 60 inhabitants.

During the Thirty Years' War the village was destroyed several times by troops passing through. Even 21 years after the end of the war, it was reported to the Prosselsheimer Amtskeller that only “4 men live there”, that is, only four families lived in the village. In the following period, however, the village recovered from the war and in 1694 had 14 heads of households again. Around 100 people lived in Neusetz in the middle of the 18th century.

The place was described in more detail in two interest books written in 1753 . At that time, both the prince-bishop of Würzburg and the Haug monastery were entitled to some subjects in Neusetz, with the prince-bishop ruling most of the village. The Eyrichshof appears again in one of the interest books. At that time it comprised an arable area of ​​around 30 hectares. In 1764, a new church was built in the village and the Würzburg bishop was asked for support. On May 13, 1766, the pastor of Escherndorf set the first stone for the church.

Modern times

In the 19th century the Principality of Würzburg was dissolved and Neusetz came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . Now the orientation was more and more towards Dettelbach and its central facilities. So the community became part of the Dettelbach Regional Court , later the Volkach District Office . With the transition to Bavaria there was also an increase in population. In 1806 125 people lived in Neusetz, the number grew to 207 people by 1869.

The wars of the 20th century killed many men in Neusetz. 16 resettlers died in the First World War and 20 soldiers were killed in the Second World War. A memorial to the deceased was erected in front of the church as early as 1928, which was added in 1945. Land consolidation had already been promoted by 1932 and continued after the World War. In 1966 the connection to the Franconian long-distance water supply was completed. On May 1, 1978 Neusetz was incorporated into Dettelbach.

Attractions

The wayside shrine in the so-called reason

The center of the village is the Catholic branch church of the Assumption and St. Kilian, Kolonat and Totnan . It was only built in the 18th century after the population had first visited the Bartholomäuskirche in Prosselsheim for a long time. The altars came from other churches and are therefore older than the church.

There are many wayside shrines and small memorials in the hallway around the village.

Viticulture

Today, Neusetz is a wine-growing area in the Franconian wine-growing region . However, the place does not have its own vineyard , the wine has been marketed under the name Escherndorfer Fürstenberg since the 1970s. Neusetz is part of the Volkacher Mainschleife area , until 2017 the winemakers were grouped together in the Neusetz area. The shell limestone and Lettenkeup soils around Neusetz are also suitable for growing wine, as is the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany.

The people around Neusetz have been involved in viticulture since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. In the Middle Ages, the region was part of the largest contiguous wine-growing region in the Holy Roman Empire. The people mostly operated part-time viticulture for self-sufficiency , at the same time export centers were already emerging, especially along the Main. In Neusetz they limited themselves to the cultivation for self-protection.

Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . Viticulture completely disappeared in Neusetz. The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s. The new settlers then began again with viticulture in the 1970s.

Vineyard	Size 1980	Size 1993	Compass direction	Slope	Main grape varieties	Great location
Furstenberg	8 ha	1 ha	East, southeast	30%	Müller-Thurgau , Silvaner	Volkacher Kirchberg

literature

• Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford ² 1993.
• Hans Bauer: Dettelbach. History of a romantic city on the Main and its districts . Münsterschwarzach 1983.
• Hans Bauer: The history of viticulture in Dettelbach . In: City of Dettelbach (Ed.): Dettelbach. 1484-1984. Festschrift and small characteristics of a 500 year old city . Dettelbach 1984. pp. 116-122.
• Hans Bauer: District of Kitzingen. An art and culture guide . Market wide 1993.
• Wolfgang Bieber: From the history of the district of Neusetz 1900–1984 . In: City of Dettelbach (Ed.): Dettelbach. 1484-1984. Festschrift and small characteristics of a 500 year old city . Dettelbach 1984. pp. 288-290.

Web links

Commons : Neusetz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Bauer, Hans: Dettelbach . P. 284.
2. ^ Bauer, Hans: Dettelbach . P. 292.
3. ^ Bieber, Wolfgang: From the history of the district of Neusetz . P. 290.
4. ^ Bauer, Hans: District of Kitzingen . P. 36.
5. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
6. ^ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area , PDF file, accessed on May 16, 2019.
7. ^ Bauer, Hans: The history of viticulture in Dettelbach . P. 120.
8. ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 201.