Effeldorf

Effeldorf City of Dettelbach
Coordinates: 49 ° 47 ′ 46 ″  N , 10 ° 5 ′ 1 ″  E
Height :	289 m
Residents :	450
Incorporation :	July 1, 1972
Postal code :	97337
Area code :	09324
Location of Effeldorf (bold) in the municipality of Dettelbach

Effeldorf is a district of the Bavarian town of Dettelbach in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen in Germany .

Geographical location

Effeldorf is located in the west of the Dettelbach municipal area. The district of Würzburg begins in the north , while the district of Bibergau is located in the east . The south is occupied by Dettelbach-Bahnhof , a district of Effeldorf for a long time, and the Biebelried motorway junction . The Würzburg district adjoins it in the west.

An extensive bird sanctuary can be found north of the village with the Ochsenfurter and Uffenheimer Gau and the Gäu landscape northeast of Würzburg . To the north-west of the village, however, there is a natural monument , three old linden trees.

Würzburg is about twelve kilometers from Effeldorf, the city of Kitzingen eight kilometers.

In terms of nature, Effeldorf is located on the so-called plateaus in the southern Main Triangle , which are counted among the Gäuf areas in the Main Triangle. Typical are the approximately 300 m high areas that slope steeply towards the Main.

The Franconian Marienweg runs through Effeldorf .

history

The court of the Jesuits in Effeldorf

The place name with the ending -dorf refers to an early foundation of the village. In the 7th and 8th centuries, the Frankish settlers displaced the Celtic population living here and promoted Christianization . The village was first mentioned in 1040 as "Affaltrach". In a document, the Benedictine monastery in Kitzingen was reimbursed for some goods that had been wrongly withdrawn from it.

The Middle Ages brought various village lords, including the St. Afra Monastery in Maidbronn , the Lords of Bibergau, the Würzburg bishopric and the Counts of Castell ruled the town. This also explains the frequent name changes that the village was exposed to during this period. So one wrote Effeldorf as "Effeltrich", "Effeltrach" or "Affeltrach". The name is probably derived from the Old High German aphaltar , which means apple tree.

At the end of the Middle Ages, the Reformation reached the areas between Main and Steigerwald. In the course of this renewal there was also the German Peasant War , in which the peasants without rights revolted against their landlords. Under the leadership of their mayor, the Effeldorfer joined the peasants and moved to the aristocratic seats in the area. Finally, they had to submit to the Würzburg Prince-Bishop Konrad II von Thüngen .

The biggest turning point in Effeldorfer's history took place in 1573. At that time, Prince-Bishop Friedrich von Wirsberg gave the village to the Jesuits for "use and property". The order had only been founded 40 years earlier and was intended to reform the Catholic Church, which had been weakened by Luther's Reformation. In 1584, the new village lords tore down the monastery courtyard of St. Afra and built two houses with barns here.

List of 1st mayors (until 1972)
Surname	Term of office
Ernst Adelmann	1945-1948
Albert Feineis	1948-1952
Alois Erk	1952-1956
Adalbert Hack	1956-1957
Johann Fleischer	1957-1968
Gottfried Troll	1968-1972

In addition to the ret-Catholicization of the village population, the new lords, namely Father Jakob Baunach, also promoted the establishment of a pilgrimage to Effeldorf in the 17th century . The Jesuits had taken over the supervision of the pilgrimage to the casa sancta, the holy house, in the Italian town of Loreto and now wanted to build a counterpart in Franconia as well . Effeldorf was chosen because it was as secluded as the biblical Nazareth .

Although the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773 and the pilgrimage was transferred to the Franciscans from nearby Dettelbach, many pilgrims continued to move to Effeldorf. In 1796 the village was exposed to French soldiers passing through during the Battle of Würzburg . The wars of the Napoleonic era did not interrupt the pilgrimage. However, Effeldorf was only made an independent parish in 1866 .

The village came to the district court of Dettelbach in 1804 as a Bavarian rural community . Effeldorf experienced a large increase in population in the 19th century. In particular, the construction of the Dettelbach Bahnhof – Dettelbach Stadt railway line brought new residents to the village. As one of the first villages in the area, land consolidation was promoted in Effeldorf between 1937 and 1948. In the course of the regional reform in 1972, the place became part of the large community of Dettelbach.

coat of arms

	Blazon : “In silver, two diagonally crossed blue pilgrim sticks, each with a blue pilgrim shell; above and below a red heraldic rose with a golden lug and green sepals. "
	Justification of the coat of arms: The pilgrim's staffs and the shells refer to the Effeldorfer church patron James, they appear as figures in the court seal of the 16th century. The tinging is reminiscent of the rule of the University of Würzburg, while the colors silver and red refer to the Counts of Castell, who were able to gain influence in the town after 1280.

Attractions

The figure of James in the Effeldorfer Church

Effeldorf is shaped by the parish church of St. James the Elder in the center of the village. The church goes back to a chapel built in 1652, which had exactly the dimensions of the " Casa santa " in Loreto. The village lords, the Jesuits, planned to use this foundation to build a pilgrimage to the small town. A hundred years later, in 1753, the nave had to be expanded to create enough space for the pilgrims. The pilgrimage dried up at the end of the 19th century.

The decor of the church is also shaped by the pilgrimage. The high altar from 1680 has the Lauretanian Madonna in a shrine. Several documents hang inside the church: On the one hand, a veil that came into contact with the statue of Our Lady of Loreto before it was brought to Effeldorf, and on the other hand, the reference to the centenary of the year 1753. The left side altar probably comes from the broken off Balthasar-Neumann -Church of Münsterschwarzach .

In addition to the church, there are also some small monuments such as wayside shrines . A statue goes back to 1602. The several times rebuilt Fronhof, which is now decorated with the year 1690, also provides an indication of the rule of the Jesuits over Effeldorf.

literature

• Hans Bauer: Old and new coats of arms in the Kitzingen district . In: Yearbook of the district of Kitzingen 1980. In the spell of the Schwanberg . Kitzingen 1980. pp. 53-70.
• Hans Bauer: District of Kitzingen. An art and culture guide . Market wide 1993.
• Karl-Heinz Erk: 950 years of Effeldorf . Effeldorf 1990.

Web links

Commons : Effeldorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Effeldorf: Homepage , accessed on September 18, 2014.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Erk, Karl-Heinz: 950 years Effeldorf . P. 25.
2. ↑ Erk, Karl-Heinz: 950 years Effeldorf . P. 40.
3. ↑ Erk, Karl-Heinz: 950 years Effeldorf . P. 27.
4. ↑ Erk, Karl-Heinz: 950 years Effeldorf . P. 34.
5. ^ Bauer, Hans: District of Kitzingen. An art and culture guide . P. 33.
6. ^ Bauer, Hans: Old and new coats of arms in the district of Kitzingen . P. 57.