District of Karlsruhe
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Coordinates: 49 ° 0 ' N , 8 ° 24' E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | Baden-Württemberg |
| Administrative region : | Karlsruhe |
| Region : | Middle Upper Rhine |
| Administrative headquarters : | Karlsruhe |
| Area : | 1,084.96 km 2 |
| Residents: | 444,232 (Dec. 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 409 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | KA |
| Circle key : | 08 2 15 |
| NUTS : | DE123 |
| Circle structure: | 32 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Beiertheimer Allee 2 76137 Karlsruhe |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Christoph Schnaudigel ( CDU ) |
| Location of the district of Karlsruhe in Baden-Württemberg | |
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The district of Karlsruhe is a district in Baden-Württemberg . It belongs to the Middle Upper Rhine region in the Karlsruhe administrative district and to the cross-border Pamina region .
geography
location
The entire western half of the Karlsruhe district lies in the Upper Rhine Plain . In the east of the northern part, the district is part of the Kraichgau . The much smaller southern part of the district has a share of the northern Black Forest in the east .
Neighboring areas
The district of Karlsruhe borders in a clockwise direction in the north, starting with the districts of Rhein-Neckar-Kreis , Heilbronn , Enzkreis , Calw and Rastatt (all in Baden-Württemberg). In the west, the Rhine forms the natural border with the federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate , with the exception of part of the Elisabethenwörth island and the bridgehead near Germersheim , which belong to Rhineland-Palatinate as areas on the right bank of the Rhine. On the Rhine, the district of Karlsruhe borders the district of Germersheim , the Rhein-Pfalz district and the independent city of Speyer . The urban district of Karlsruhe pushes itself like a wedge into the district area and divides it almost completely into a larger northern part around the cities of Bruchsal and Bretten and a smaller southern part around the city of Ettlingen, which is only separated by the 60-meter-long border ( 48 ° 57 ′ 13.3 ″ N , 8 ° 32 ′ 16.6 ″ E ) are connected between the municipalities of Pfinztal and Karlsbad .
Division of space
According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2015.
history
The district of Karlsruhe goes back to the old Karlsruhe Oberamt , which was established soon after the city of Karlsruhe was founded in 1717, but was only later responsible for some communities except Karlsruhe. In 1809 the Oberamt Karlsruhe was divided into a Landamt Karlsruhe and a Stadtamt Karlsruhe , but in 1865 it was reunited to form the District Office Karlsruhe . In 1938 the Karlsruhe district office was transferred to the Karlsruhe district and at the same time the Karlsruhe district was created. Since then, Karlsruhe no longer belongs to the district area, but has always remained the seat of the district administration.
During the district reform , the district of Karlsruhe was enlarged on January 1, 1973 to include the entire district of Bruchsal as well as three communities in the district of Sinsheim and the community of Oberderdingen in the district of Vaihingen to its present size. At the same time, the district gave a total of seven places to the city of Karlsruhe from 1972 .
Previously, on September 1, 1971, the Ittersbach community was incorporated from the Pforzheim district. On January 1, 1972, the communities Hohenwettersbach and Stupferich were lost to the Karlsruhe district. On the same day, the community of Neudorf from the Bruchsal district was accepted. Neibsheim followed from the same district on March 1, 1972. It was incorporated into the city of Bretten . On April 1, 1972, the district of Karlsruhe took on the community of Waldprechtsweier , which came from the district of Rastatt and was incorporated into the community of Malsch on the same day .
After the community reform has been completed, the district still comprises 32 communities, including 9 towns and of these, in turn, 6 large district towns ( Bretten , Bruchsal , Ettlingen , Rheinstetten , Stutensee and Waghäusel ). The largest city is Bruchsal, the smallest municipality is Zaisenhausen. There is a branch of the District Office in Bruchsal.
Population development
The population figures are census results (¹) or official updates from the Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office ( main residences only ).
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politics
The district is administered by the district council and the district administrator.
District Administrator
The district administrator is the legal representative and representative of the district as well as the chairman of the district council and its committees. He heads the district office and is an official of the district. His area of responsibility includes the preparation of the district council meetings and its committees. He calls meetings, chairs them and implements the resolutions passed there. He has no voting rights in the committees . His deputy is the first state official.
The senior officials or district administrators of the Landamt / Bezirksamt / Landkreis Karlsruhe since 1810:
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District council
The district council of the district of Karlsruhe has 78 seats, and there are often compensatory seats. The members are elected by the electorate in the district for five years, each time at the same time as the municipal council elections. After the local elections on May 26, 2019 , the district council has 88 members (10 compensation seats); Overall, the election led to the following result (in brackets: difference to 2014):
| District election 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party / group of voters | Seats | +/- | ||
| CDU | 26th | - 9 | ||
| FW | 16 | - 1 | ||
| SPD | 15th | - 4th | ||
| GREEN | 14th | + 3 | ||
| FDP | 5 | + 1 | ||
| AfD | 5 | + 5 | ||
| Young List (JL) | 2 | + 2 | ||
| The left | 2 | + 1 | ||
| For Ettlingen / FW Ettlingen * | 2 | ± 0 | ||
| ULi ** | 1 | + 1 | ||
* 2014–2019: Independent / FE . ** Independent list Philippsburg
The turnout was 60.3% (+ 9.3).
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the district of Karlsruhe shows in a quartered shield: 1 in gold a red diagonal bar, 2 in blue a continuous, polished silver cross, 3 diagonally roughened of silver and blue, 4 in gold three black stag poles lying obliquely to the left on top of each other (coat of arms awarded August 31 1973)
The four parts symbolize the heraldic symbols of the four earlier lordships that divided the district until 1803: the Margraves of Baden (sloping beams), the Duchy of Speyer (cross), the Palatinate (Rauten) and the Duchy of Württemberg (Hirschstangen).
Before the district reform, the former Karlsruhe district had a different coat of arms. In front of a split shield it showed a red diagonal bar in yellow, behind in blue above a lowered silver wave bar a silver atom symbol. The coat of arms was awarded to the Karlsruhe district on January 25, 1961 by the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior.
The red sloping bar is the former Baden state coat of arms and thus indicates that the area belongs to the heartland of Baden. The wavy bar symbolizes the Rhine, the western border of the district and the atomic symbol should point to the Karlsruhe nuclear research center in the municipality of Leopoldshafen . The colors blue and silver (white) were taken from the coat of arms of the Electoral Palatinate of the Wittelsbach family, as some communities in the district used to belong to the Palatinate.
See also: List of coats of arms in the district of Karlsruhe
Partnerships
- County Gwent in Wales (Great Britain) since 1978. (County Gwent was divided up through administrative reform in 1996. The partnership has since continued with the districts of Monmouthshire and Torfaen .)
- Döbeln district in Saxony since 1990
- Sha'ar HaNegev region in Israel since 1992
economy
In the Future Atlas 2016, the Karlsruhe district was ranked 47th out of 402 districts and urban districts in Germany, making it one of the places with “high future opportunities”.
traffic
The federal motorway 5 ( Basel - Frankfurt ) and the federal motorway 8 ( Saarbrücken - Stuttgart ), several federal highways , including the B 3 (Basel - Heidelberg ), the B 292 (from Bad Schönborn ), the B 293 ( Heilbronn - Berghausen ), the B 294 ( Bretten - Freiburg ), the B 35 ( Germersheim - Illingen ) and the B 36 ( Lahr - Mannheim ) and several country and district roads.
An important railway junction is the Bruchsal train station , where long-distance trains , mainly Intercity , stop. The district is well developed through the network of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn and the RheinNeckar S-Bahn . Several lines run from Karlsruhe in almost all directions to Heilbronn , Baden-Baden , Bad Herrenalb or Kraichtal . The network is being expanded further. In public transport (public transport) tariff rates of the applicable Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund (KVV).
power supply
The Philippsburg nuclear power plant is located in the district .
The northern district area has been supplied with the world's first extra-high voltage vegetable oil transformer since 2014 .
District facilities
The Karlsruhe district is responsible for the following vocational schools : trade school, home economics school and commercial college Bretten, Balthasar Neumann school I (commercial school) Bruchsal and Balthasar Neumann school II (commercial school) Bruchsal, commercial college Bruchsal (commercial school), Käthe-Kollwitz -Schule (housekeeping-socio-educational school) Bruchsal, Albert-Einstein-Schule (commercial school) Ettlingen, Bertha-von-Suttner-Schule (housekeeping-socio-educational, agricultural and biotechnological school) Ettlingen and Wilhelm-Röpke-Schule (commercial school) Ettlingen Furthermore, the following special education and advice centers : Eduard-Spranger-Schule with school kindergarten in Bretten ( specialization focus on intellectual development), Karl Berberich School with school kindergarten in Bruchsal (promotion focus on intellectual development), garden school with school kindergarten in Ettlingen (promotion focus on intellectual development), Hardtwaldschule Karlsr uhe-Neureut (focus on intellectual development), Ludwig Guttmann School Karlsbad -Langensteinbach (focus on physical and motor development) and Astrid-Lindgren School with Kindergarten in Forst (focus on language).
The district of Karlsruhe (through the Regional Clinics Holding RKH ) also supports the two hospitals, Fürst-Stirum-Klinik Bruchsal and Rechbergklinik Bretten, as well as a waste management company.
Communities
(Residents on December 31, 2018)
Municipalities before the district reform
Before the district reform on January 1, 1973 and the community reform , the (old) district of Karlsruhe had a total of 58 communities since 1938 , including the two cities of Bretten and Ettlingen, with Ettlingen being a major district town since 1966 .
On March 7, 1968, the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg set the course for a community reform . With the law to strengthen the administrative power of smaller municipalities , it was possible for smaller municipalities to voluntarily unite to form larger municipalities. The beginning in the old district of Karlsruhe was made by several communities on January 1, 1971. At this point in time, Rinklingen merged with Bretten, Sulzbach with Malsch and Jöhlingen and Wössingen to form the municipality of Walzbachtal. In the period that followed, the number of communities steadily decreased. On January 1, 1973, the old Karlsruhe district was merged into the new, enlarged Karlsruhe district.
The largest municipality in the old district of Karlsruhe was the large district town of Ettlingen . The smallest community was Sprantal.
The old district of Karlsruhe last covered an area of 582 km² and had a total of 201,629 inhabitants at the 1970 census .
The table shows the population development of the old Karlsruhe district up to 1970. All population figures are census results.
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In the table, the municipalities of the old Karlsruhe district are before the municipal reform. With the exception of the municipalities incorporated into the Karlsruhe district, all municipalities still belong to the Karlsruhe district today.
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign KA with the introduction of the license plates that are still valid today . It is still issued today.
Others
The district of Karlsruhe has most of the municipalities with a double name in Baden-Württemberg.
In the south of the district, the district of Karlsruhe has a share in the Black Forest Central / North Nature Park .
literature
- The state of Baden-Wuerttemberg - official description according to districts and municipalities (in eight volumes); Edited by the Baden-Württemberg State Archives Department; Volume V: Karlsruhe District; Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-17-002542-2
- Flora of the rural and urban district of Karlsruhe - database with over 5000 images of 1750 species; Michael Hassler; on-line
- Michael Hassler, Gerhard Sand: Natural history bibliography of the district of Karlsruhe . 2003, PDF file
- Clemens Kieser: High up, towards the old city. The administrative building of the Badenwerk in Karlsruhe . In: Preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg , 42nd year 2013, issue 2, p. 121 f. ( PDF ) - today District Office
Web links
- District website
- City wiki Karlsruhe
- Literature from and about the district of Karlsruhe in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Survey of land according to type of actual use in 2015
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 476, 481 ff .
- ↑ https://www.statistik-bw.de/Wahlen/Kommunal/02043000.tab?R=KR215
- ↑ Landkreis Karlsruhe, June 6, 2019: District election 2019, final election result , and June 6, 2019: Public announcement of the results of the election of the district councils on May 26, 2019 (PDF) ; accessed July 13, 2019.
- ↑ Landkreis Karlsruhe, June 3, 2014: Final election results of the district election 2014 ( Memento from September 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) and June 4, 2014: Public announcement of the results of the district council elections on May 25, 2014 (PDF) ; accessed July 13, 2019.
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 .
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