Zaisenhausen
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Coordinates: 49 ° 6 ' N , 8 ° 49' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Karlsruhe | |
| County : | Karlsruhe | |
| Height : | 175 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 10.1 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 1753 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 174 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 75059 | |
| Area code : | 07258 | |
| License plate : | KA | |
| Community key : | 08 2 15 094 | |
| LOCODE : | DE ZIZ | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Hauptstrasse 97 75059 Zaisenhausen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Cathrin Wohrle | |
| Location of the community Zaisenhausen in the district of Karlsruhe | ||
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Zaisenhausen is the smallest municipality in the Karlsruhe district in Baden-Württemberg . Apart from the village of the same name, no other localities belong to the municipality of Zaisenhausen.
history
The fertile Zaisenhaus district has been inhabited since the Neolithic Age. A number of archaeological finds from the time of the band ceramics and the following early peasant cultures prove this. There is evidence of a villa rustica in the Gewann Hesselsee from Roman times .
The first documented mention of Zaisenhausen comes from the year 991. The place is mentioned for the first time under the name Ceisenhusen in connection with the Salic church robbery by Duke Otto von Worms in the property register of Abbot Edelin from the Weißenburg monastery in what is now northern Alsace .
In the Middle Ages, Maulbronn Monastery was the largest landlord and owner of the local rule . The Uzname "donkey" for the Zaisenhaus population goes back to the affiliation to the Maulbronn Cistercian monastery. During this time, Zaisenhausen developed into a stately row village that was protected by two village gates. A little outside, in the Gewann Hofrecht, near today's cemetery, there was a fortified hamlet belonging to the village with its own church.
After the Reformation the place belonged to Württemberg and from 1747 to the Electoral Palatinate. In 1803 the village became Baden . Until 1973 the place belonged to the district of Sinsheim . After its dissolution, Zaisenhausen came to the district of Karlsruhe and is today the smallest independent municipality in this district.
The symbol of the community is the double-towered Protestant church "To our dear woman" , which was built in 1836 according to plans by Heinrich Hübsch and is also known as the "Dom des Kraichgau".
Population development
Already during the reign of Maulbronn Monastery, Zaisenhausen, as a fortified village on Twerchstrasse from Heilbronn to Strasbourg, had around 600 inhabitants. During the Thirty Years' War the place was temporarily uninhabited and then had 150 inhabitants again around 1650. By 1900 the population rose to 1200, but fell to 996 by 1939. Due to the influx of displaced persons and refugees after the Second World War , the number of inhabitants rose by around a third, so that in 1946 around 1450 people lived in the village. At the end of 2018 the population was 1750 people.
The former sulfur bath
In 1713, a Swiss silk merchant discovered a sulfur-containing spring in the Kohlbachtal near the footpath to Sickingen. The exact location was described by a contemporary as follows:
"This healing fountain rises a strong quarter of an hour from the village of Zaisenhausen to the end of a funny Wiesenthal, belongs to the intended spot and therefore on Württemberg land but very soon comes up against the Freyherrliche Sickinger markings ..."
The Swiss trader administered the water to a woman in Eppingen who had a rash and was supposedly completely cured of her condition. As a result, the sulfur source in the area quickly became known. After a short time, more than 100 people were visiting the Zaisenhausen sulfur spring every day. The Württemberg rulers therefore sent a commission of experts to the Zaisenhäuser Kohlbachtal to check the quality of the medicinal water. This commission certified the sulfur water to be of excellent quality.
As early as 1714, Duke Eberhard Ludwig built a bath and drink house. A year later it was expanded to include an inn and tavern. By hiring a spa doctor, regulated spa operations became possible. Even Duke Friedrich August von Württemberg and Teck had his “narrow-chestedness” treated several times in the Zaisenhäuser Bad.
After Zaisenhausen had come into full possession of the Electoral Palatinate in 1747, Elector Carl Theodor had the bathing facility renovated and enlarged so that around 1770 the entire facility comprised around 100 rooms and an extensive spa facility. In the meantime, the pool had transformed into a veritable fashion pool that was popular with all sections of the population, especially in summer. For Zaisenhausen and its residents, this was associated with a great economic boom. After Elector Carl Theodor himself had visited the bath, the final breakthrough seemed to have been achieved.
Then, however, the decline set in unexpectedly because Elector Carl Theodor inherited the Wittelsbach family in Bavaria and moved his residence to Munich 's Nymphenburg Palace . The Electoral Palatinate then lost interest in maintaining the bathing facility in the Kohlbachtal. All attempts at resuscitation in Baden were unsuccessful. Today there are no more traces of the former bathing facility.
To commemorate the Zaisenhausen sulfur bath, the community built an information pavilion about the history of the bath at the entrance to the town in 2013.
Writings about the Zaisenhausen sulfur bath:
- JM Brigelius, Brief description of the newly discovered health and healing well near Zaisenhausen , 1715
- Dr. Johann Albrecht Gesner, Historisch-Physikalische Nachrichten Von Dem Zaysenhauser Mineralischen Bronnen und Bad , 1746
- Dr. Franz Heimhilger, Brief description of the mineral health and healing bonne at Zeitzenhausen , 1761
- Prof. Hubertus Harrer, Properties and Effects of the Zaisenhäuser Bad , Heidelberg, 1770
- Dr. Johann Maximilian Alexander Probst, Die Zaisenhäuser Schwefelquellen , Heidelberg, 1836
- Zaisenhausen sulfur bath
Zaisenhausen sulfur bath
Site plan Bad Zaisenhausen
Information pavilion sulfur bath from 2013
politics
Municipal council
The municipality council has 10 honorary members who are elected for five years. In addition, the mayoress is the municipal council chairwoman with voting rights.
The 2019 local elections led to the following result (in brackets: difference to 2014):
| Municipal Council 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party / list | Share of votes | Seats | ||
| Zaisenhausen citizens list | 70.2% (+11.6) | 7 (+1) | ||
| Free voters | 22.3% (−2.6) | 2 (± 0) | ||
| 4 - The Fourth Fraction | 7.6% (−9.0) | 1 (−1) | ||
| Turnout: 67.7% (+4.7) | ||||
Mayoress
Cathrin Wöhrle (née Rübenacker) was elected as the new mayor in December 2013 with 54.7 percent of the vote. Predecessor Wolfgang Bratzel was the mayor for 32 years.
coat of arms
Blazon : ". In a Blue silver ring with horizontal bars" The Ring symbol symbolizes a Sester , an ancient measure of grain. The colors refer to the earlier belonging to the Electoral Palatinate .
religion
The largest religious community is the Protestant parish, which has formed a joint parish with the parish of Flehingen since 2002. The Roman Catholic believers have been part of the Sickingen pastoral care unit since 2004, which is formed by the Catholics in Flehingen, Kürnbach, Sulzfeld and Zaisenhausen. In addition, there is also the “community of resolute Christians” in Zaisenhausen. In the last few decades the number of Muslims has also increased, in particular due to the influx of large numbers of people of Turkish descent.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Zaisenhausen is on the federal highway 293 ( Heilbronn - Pfinztal ). The federal road ran through the town until the end of the 1980s, and in 1989 the bypass running parallel to the railway line was opened to traffic.
With the extension of line S4 of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn (from Karlsruhe to Heilbronn ) opened in 1997, the place can be reached by local public transport. The S4 runs on the Kraichgaubahn , which went into operation in 1879. The tariffs of the Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund apply .
Motorway connections to the A 6 and A 8 are 25 km away.
education
Zaisenhausen has its own elementary school and a Protestant kindergarten. Since 2015 there has also been a family center (FAZZ) in the community-owned Kögelhaus.
The adult education center in Zaisenhausen is a public institution for continuing education. As a branch office, it is under the legal sponsorship of the non-profit association adult education center in the Karlsruhe district . In accordance with its statutory mandate, it also devotes itself to youth education in addition to adult education.
Buildings
- Buildings in Zaisenhausen
Evang. church
Catholic Church
Parish press
town hall
Zaisenhausen train station
- Artistic objects in the town center
The night watchman
The quarter-eaters
The Zaisenhaus donkey
Tree sculpture at the elementary school
Protestant church
In the center of the village, the two- tower Protestant parish church was built in just two years from 1834 to 1836 . The architect of the church “To our dear lady” was the architect and Weinbrenner student Heinrich Hübsch . The church occupies a dominant position in the townscape, as it was designed by Hübsch to create a "picturesque situation". The two 36 m high towers integrated into the facade were to be attached to the former village chapel “Zur liebe Frau” and the “St. Peterskirche ”. Some also refer to the church as the "Dom des Kraichgau" today.
Catholic Church
In 1972 the Zaisenhaus Catholics got their own church. The new building was built on the western edge of the then new development area. Thanks to the modern and idiosyncratic tower construction, the church quickly became another distinctive symbol of the village. In the basement of the building there is a hall that can be used for celebrations and events.
Sons and daughters of the church
- Erwin Eckert (1893–1972), Protestant pastor and politician in the SPD and from 1931 in the KPD , State Councilor and MdL ( Baden , Baden-Württemberg )
- The poet and village schoolmaster Samuel Friedrich Sauter (1766–1846) worked as a teacher in Zaisenhausen from 1816 to 1841. Most of his poems were written here.
Bibliography
- Hartmut Hensgen, 1000 years of Zaisenhausen - From the history of a Kraichgau village, published by the municipality of Zaisenhausen, 1991
- Margarete Herzer, Rudolf Herzer and Wilhelm Dauth: Ortssippenbuch Zaisenhausen, district Sinsheim in Baden; History of the village and its families. Grafenhausen: Albert Köbele 1972 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 27), processed period 1566–1971
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ a b Hartmut Hensgen: 1000 years of Zaisenhausen , from the history of a Kraichgaudorfes, published by the municipality of Zaisenhausen 1991
- ↑ Ortssippenbuch Zaisenhausen
- ^ State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg: Municipal elections 2019, Zaisenhausen ; Zaisenhausen municipality: municipal council election 2019 (PDF) ; Zaisenhausen citizen list: municipal council election 2014 ; accessed July 11, 2019.
- ↑ Road construction report 1989 (PDF; 1.9 MB)
Web links
Cities: Bretten | Bruchsal | Ettlingen | Kraichtal | Oestringen | Philippsburg | Rheinstetten | Stutensee | Waghausel . Municipalities: Bad Schönborn | Dettenheim | Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen | Forst (Baden) | Gondelsheim | Graben-Neudorf | Hambrücken | Carlsbad (Baden) | Karlsdorf-Neuthard | Kronau | Kürnbach | Linkenheim-Hochstetten | Malsch | Marxzell | Oberderdingen | Oberhausen-Rheinhausen | Pfinztal | Sulzfeld (Baden) | Ubstadt-Weiher | Waldbronn | Walzbachtal | Weingarten (Baden) | Zaisenhausen .