Cork (throat)

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cork
City of Kehl
Korker Wappen - the coat of arms of the municipality of Kork, which was independent until 1971
Coordinates: 48 ° 34 ′ 1 ″  N , 7 ° 52 ′ 17 ″  E
Height : 139 m
Residents : 2500
Incorporation : 1st December 1971
Postal code : 77694
Area code : 07851
"Ochsen" inn.
Half-timbered houses and the Evangelical Church in Cork

Kork is a district of Kehl , about five kilometers east of the city center in the historic Hanauerland .

history

middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of cork comes from 778. Cork was a fief of the Bishop of Strasbourg to the Lords of Lichtenberg . The first loan took place in 1274. Around 1330 there was a first division of land between Johann II. Von Lichtenberg , from the older line of the house, and Ludwig III. from Lichtenberg . Cork fell into the part of the property that was managed by the older line in the future. In the rule of Lichtenberg it was assigned to the office of Willstätt .

When Jakob von Lichtenberg, the last male member of the house, died in 1480 , the inheritance passed to his two nieces, Anna von Lichtenberg (1442–1474) and Elisabeth von Lichtenberg. Anna had married Count Philip I the Elder of Hanau-Babenhausen (1417–1480) in 1458 , who had received a small secondary education from the holdings of the County of Hanau in order to be able to get married. The county of Hanau-Lichtenberg came into being through the marriage . Elisabeth married Simon IV. Wecker von Zweibrücken-Bitsch . The Lichtenberg legacy was shared between them. The Willstätt office and with it Kork became a condominium between the two heirs.

Modern times

Under the government of Count Philip III. From Hanau-Lichtenberg there was a real division of the common condominiums: The Willstätt office came entirely to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg. In return, the Brumath office came entirely to Zweibrücken-Bitsch. After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. In 1736, the inheritance - and with it the office of Willstätt - fell to the son of his only daughter, Charlotte von Hanau-Lichtenberg , Landgrave Ludwig (IX) of Hesse-Darmstadt . With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the Willstätt office with the village of Kork was assigned to the newly formed Electorate of Baden in 1803 .

In the course of the municipal reform , Kork was incorporated into Kehl on December 1, 1971.

politics

Town hall cork

With the incorporation after Kehl, the office of the mayor was created. The incumbent, and thus the chairman of the local council , is Patric Jokers (list of citizens of Kork). The local elections on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following distribution of seats for the local council:

8th
2
8th 2 
A total of 10 seats
  • List of citizens of Kork : 8
  • New list of citizens : 2

religion

Rectory

history

Cork has been the seat of a parish since ancient times . In the early Middle Ages it reached as far as Hausgereut in the north (today to the city of Rheinau ) and Sand in the east (today to Willstätt ). Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1514–1590), after taking office in 1538, consistently carried out the Reformation in his county, which now became Lutheran .

Protestant church

Parish

Protestant church

Today, in addition to cork, Odelshofen and Querbach also belong to the district of the Protestant parish. The current village church was built in 1731/1732. From the outside it appears Protestant and simple, in the interior there is a stucco ceiling, the pulpit in the French Empire style and a rococo organ from 1778. On the church tower, a tower cross from 1732 over 4 meters high rises into the sky. In 1945 an artillery fire destroyed the tower of the village church .

Diakonia

There is also the evangelical congregation in the Kreuzkirche, which belongs to the Diakonie Kork.

In 1991, the Diakonie founded the nationwide cork recycling ; action corks cork in the bottle corks collected in Germany and processed again. In cork they are processed into granules, from which natural insulation materials or clay-cork building blocks are made. People with disabilities also work in production .

Roman Catholic Church

Epilepsy center

Around 1900 the number of believers of the Roman Catholic denomination in Hanauerland increased again, and the Roman Catholic Sacred Heart Church was built in 1906/1907 with a view to the Roman Catholic patients of the epilepsy center .

Ecumenism

The Protestant and Roman Catholic parishes have maintained an intensive ecumenical movement for over 30 years . This is mainly due to the two former pastors Herbert Degenhart († 23 May 2008) (Protestant) and Klaus Zipf (Roman Catholic). In order to strengthen the ecumenical movement, they both signed an agreement that obliges both parishes to continue to be ecumenical in the future.

Since 2013, the connection route from Anselm-Pflügerstrasse to the cemetery in Kork, immediately behind the Protestant church, has been called Herbert-Degenhart-Strasse .

Culture

museum

The cork handicraft museum is located in a former brewery, later a vinegar factory, in the middle of cork. There you will find numerous exhibits of almost extinct professions, but also exhibitions on the history of the village, on fishing on the Upper Rhine, on the construction of the cathedral in the Middle Ages, on timekeeping, with old toys and on half-timbered construction. It is one of the largest museums in the region. The museum, which is still being expanded, is looked after by the Reading Society 1821 Kork e. V.

The German Epilepsy Museum is also located in Cork.

Attractions

Cork bull
Monuments for the German / French, because First and Second World War .

Kork has a well-preserved, mature town center with numerous half-timbered houses , some of which are listed , and stately farms and inns from the 19th century. Around the Auf dem Bühl square are large half-timbered houses, including the former Krone Gasthaus , a mighty half-timbered building from 1723. At the northern end of the square is the Protestant church, built in 1731/1732. The buildings of the former manorial administration of the Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg have been preserved as a unique ensemble along Herrenstrasse. They were used by the official administration until 1881 . These buildings include:

  • The Alte Landschreiberei , a half-timbered building from 1714
  • The Neue Landschreiberei , today called Korker Schloss , in the style of a late baroque country house, built in 1728
  • The Amtsschaffnei ( tax office ), from 1964 town hall , today local administration
  • The official messenger house

Stories

The Prince of Hanauerland : The cork industrial pine caused a major economic scandal in 1929. As a vinegar manufacturer, he was granted a certain quota of pure alcohol ( ethanol ) by the Reich Monopoly Office , because vinegar was made by denaturing alcohol with acetic acid. By bribing the Kehler customs officers and the officials of the monopoly office in Berlin , Kiefer managed to get more than ten times the amount of alcohol delivered to him. He had this processed illegally into schnapps ; the main buyers were the garrisons stationed in Strasbourg at the time . Kiefer was also successful in the tobacco trade . After the First World War he rented the Korker Schloss and held court there with a large number of servants. He owned several Hispano-Suiza limousines, and personalities such as the politician Joseph Wirth were among his guests in Kork. This elaborate way of life earned him the nickname Prince of the Hanauerland . The attempt in America of Prohibition to make money failed, the booze cork were seized. That was the beginning of the end, in 1929 Kiefer died by suicide and left several million Reichsmarks in debt, which led to several suicides of those who had been thrown into misery or complicit in Kork and Berlin.

traffic

train

Entrance building from 1844

Cork has been connected to the Offenburg – Strasbourg line with a train station since 1844 . The station building dates from 1844 and is one of the oldest preserved in Germany. In 1945 a British bomber dropped an incendiary bomb on the station and the station burned down completely.

Today trains of the Ortenau S-Bahn stop here between Offenburg and Strasbourg . Due to a curve in the area of ​​the Kork train station and the fact that the line has not yet been expanded, the TGV Paris - Munich high-speed train has to pass Kork at only 120 km / h. There is a connection to long-distance traffic in Offenburg , Karlsruhe or Strasbourg .

Street

In the municipality there is a driveway to the four-lane federal highway 28 , which leads west to Kehl or France ( Strasbourg ), east to the Appenweier junction on federal highway 5 .

Cork is a bus line of the SWEG with its neighboring villages, Willstaett and Offenburg connected.

Infrastructure

education

There is a municipal kindergarten in Kork . The primary school is merged with the primary school in the neighboring town of Neumühl to form the Kork-Neumühl primary school. She is also responsible for the school children from Odelshofen and Querbach . The next secondary schools are in Bodersweier ( Werkrealschule ) and in Kehl ( Realschule and grammar schools ).

On the grounds of the epilepsy center there is the Oberlin School, a school for physically handicapped students, named after the Alsatian pastor and social pioneer Johann Friedrich Oberlin , and a remedial care school, a Protestant technical school for social education .

Healthcare

In the village is the Diakonie Kork, which consists of a clinic for the treatment of epilepsy , a workshop for disabled people , facilities for assisted living and a school for children and young people with physical disabilities. It is also the largest employer in town. In 1998 the world's first and so far only national museum for epilepsy and the history of epilepsy was opened in the premises of the Cork Craft Museum.

Personalities related to cork

  • Archduke Karl of Austria (1771–1847) resided with his officers' staff in the battles for Kehl and Strasbourg in the First Coalition War in 1796/1797 in Kork Castle and in the Gasthaus zum Ochsen.
  • Karl Gustav Fecht (1813–1891), Baden grammar school professor and historian, was born in Kork.
  • Albert Schweitzer (1875–1965), “jungle doctor” and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, often stayed with friends in Cork.
  • Hanna Barner (1916–2003), long-time superior of the former Korker Anstalten, today's Diakonie Kork.
  • Bernhard J. Steinhoff (* 1961) has been the medical director of the Kork Epilepsy Center since 2004 .

literature

  • Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
  • Wilhelm Mechler: The territory of the Lichtenberger to the right of the Rhine. In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (ed.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480 - 1980 = Pays d'Alsace, 111/112 (2, 3/1980), Pp. 31-37.

Web links

Commons : Cork  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eyer, pp. 56, 141.
  2. ↑ Eyer, pp. 56, 145.
  3. ↑ Eyer, p. 78.
  4. ↑ Eyer, p. 239.
  5. ↑ Mechler, p. 34.
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 496 .
  7. ↑ Final results of the local council election in Kork 2019. City of Kehl , May 31, 2019, accessed on June 8, 2020 .
  8. ↑ See: Kathrin Ellwardt: Lutherans between France and the Reich: Church buildings in the Alsatian offices of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg under Johann Reinhard III. and Louis IX. In: New Magazine for Hanau History, 2016, pp. 18–59 (51f).
  9. ↑ Corks for cork . Diakonie Kork website, accessed March 24, 2014.
  10. ↑ Michael Ehmann: Sister Hanna Barner, life and work. Hirschberg 2006, ISBN 3-00-017792-2 .