Herdwangen

Herdwangen Community Herdwangen-Schönach
Coordinates: 47 ° 51 ′ 50 ″  N , 9 ° 10 ′ 27 ″  E
Height :	656 m
Incorporation :	July 1, 1974
Postal code :	88634
Area code :	07557

Herdwangen is the largest suburb of the Herdwangen-Schönach community in the south of the Sigmaringen district in Baden-Württemberg .

geography

location

Herdwangen is twelve kilometers north of Lake Constance , on a ridge in the Upper Linzgau , on the highway between the towns of Pfullendorf in the north and Überlingen in the south.

View of the village center from Herrengasse. To the left of the church is the town hall and the Bundschuhhalle, to the right of the church is the Bräustatt with the “Altes Haus” inn.

geology

The terminal moraine of the last Ice Age can be seen at Alberweiler as a long ridge behind which reed areas extend. The subsurface of the Herdwangen district consists largely of glacier deposits , only in the slopes of the deeply cut stream valleys does the underlying molasse sandstone (upper freshwater molasse) come to light. The moraine deposits were previously mined in various gravel pits.

Associated places

Herdwangen is the center point for the surrounding hamlets of Ebratsweiler , Alberweiler , Mühlhausen , Waldhof , Schwende and the Vorstatt , but also for Oberndorf , Waldsteig, Heggelbach and Breitenerlen, which formed the municipality of Oberndorf until 1974. The basis for this old togetherness, which was also preserved across the Baden - Hohenzollern state border, is the affiliation to the Herdwangen parish.

history

Surname

The place name is made up of the man's name Hedo and the term wang , which denotes a flat meadow area. The name is in the oldest medieval documents Hedewanc , Hedewanch or Hediwanc . The spelling Hedwang prevailed in the 14th century and the spelling Herdwang only appeared in the 16th century .

The associated adjective and the designation for the inhabitants is Herdwanger and not, as is occasionally observed, Herdwang en er .

middle Ages

Herdwangen came into possession of the Petershausen Monastery as early as 983 when it was founded . From 1226 to 1249 a folk priest from Herdwangen named Friedrich appears as a witness in documents . In the tithe book of the Diocese of Constance from 1275, a relatively well-endowed parish benefice is recorded for Herdwangen . Petershausen Monastery tried in the 13th and 14th centuries to round off its possessions and rights in Herdwangen. B. Herdwanger acquired the property of the St. Johann monastery in Thurgau , including a mill. At the end of the 14th century, the bailiwick over the village is found as a fiefdom in the hands of the citizens of Überlingen and in 1402 Petershausen sold the bailiwick to the Überlingen hospital . This resulted in constant disputes and contractual arrangements about the income and rights of the monastery and town until Petershausen bought back the bailiwick almost three centuries later (1687).

Modern times

In the Peasants' War of 1525, Herdwang farmers also joined the rebels in Hegau . Others were drafted into the army of the cities and monasteries, which the farmers were supposed to fight in their camp in Sernatingen (today Ludwigshafen ). Before the battle broke out, 600 peasants from the city armies mutinied. However, they were overwhelmed and the leaders of the mutiny, including three from Schwende and Hans Schmid ("Bläsi's son") from Herdwangen, were executed. Another Herdwanger of the same name, Hans Schmid "the old man" was pardoned under certain conditions.

In the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) Herdwangen and the surrounding hamlets suffered from war taxes, looting and the plague that spread through all the houses in the village in 1635. The church and parsonage were damaged as early as 1629, in the 1640s many houses were uninhabitable, the parish buildings destroyed, the grain scarce and the parish and pastor penniless. The place did not recover from that for a long time.

The former rent office of Petershausen Monastery, today the town hall of the Herdwangen-Schönach community

The Spanish War of Succession and bad harvests created new hardship from 1689, so that 15 families emigrated to Hungary in 1691. Such emigration movements can be observed throughout the 18th century.

Petershausen Monastery built a representative administration building (Rentamt) in Herdwangen in 1770, which was to replace the little castle in the Waldhof as the seat of the Petershausen governor. As the owner of the lower jurisdiction over Herdwangen, the monastery then also bought the high jurisdiction from the Grafschaft Heiligenberg in 1776 and was officially enfeoffed by the emperor with the newly acquired rights in 1779 (for a fee of 4,000 guilders). On this occasion, the new borders were measured and boundary stones were set.

For a long time, the monastery was unable to exercise full sovereignty over Herdwangen, because in 1803, as a result of secularization, the holdings of Petershausen, and thus Herdwangen, fell to the Grand Duchy of Baden . The monastery was soon closed.

19th and 20th centuries

Herdwangen and the surrounding towns formed their own office in the Seekreis in Baden until 1813, when the Herdwangen office was added to the Pfullendorf district office. In 1924, the previously independent municipality of Ebratsweiler was incorporated into Herdwangen. In 1936 Herdwangen came to the Überlingen district . (See also Baden's administrative structure )

The long-time mayor and member of the state parliament, Otto Osterwald , vehemently opposed the emergence of National Socialism in Herdwangen and was deposed as mayor shortly after the National Socialists came to power in 1933, reported several times and interrogated by the Gestapo . After the war, he was reinstated as mayor by the French occupying power due to his official experience and politically unencumbered past.

After the end of the Second World War, Herdwangen belonged to the French zone of occupation , from 1948 to the state of Baden (southern Baden) , since 1952 to the state of Baden-Württemberg . By the district reform the church came Herdwangen on 1 January 1973 the district Ueberlingen to Sigmaringen County and was on July 1, 1974 municipalities Großschönach and Oberndorf merged to Herdwangen-Schönach combined.

politics

coat of arms

Herdwangen's coat of arms goes back to the Schaffhausen family Brümsi , whose Überlinger line 1400 owned the Vogtei over Herdwangen. In a divided shield, it shows a six-pointed silver star on a black background on the left and a black star on a silver background on the right.

Culture and sights

Buildings

Parish Church of St. Peter and Paul

Mural on the town hall

• Parish Church of St. Peter and Paul : Since a people priest is mentioned in 1226, a church in Herdwangen must have already existed by this time at the latest. In 1487 there was a left side altar, which was dedicated to the Mother of God Maria, as well as the Saints Sebastian, Veit and Wendelin. During the Thirty Years' War , the church was apparently badly damaged and probably had to be renovated or rebuilt. Another renovation took place in 1810. A side wall was rebuilt and the church was extended to the rear. At this time, the classicistic high altar and the rococo side altars from the St. Leonard's Church in Salem, which was demolished in 1808 in the course of secularization, came to Herdwangen. These were created for this former Salem parish church by the important plasterers and sculptors of the Feuchtmayer workshop in Mimmenhausen. The artistic and stylistic development from Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer to Johann Georg Dirr to Johann Georg Wieland can be read on the various altars and figures. The church is used by the Catholic parish of Herdwangen.
• The former rent office of the Petershausen monastery is located in Herdwangen . It was built in 1770 and now houses the town hall. On the front of the building there is a large mural about the peasant war of 1525, which was made in 1965 by the Mannheim painter Carolus Focke. It shows the conclusion of the Mühlhausen Treaty of February 1525 between the victorious Bauernjörg and the defeated Hegau farmers.

Regular events

Prepared Spark (2003)

Burning Spark (2003)

The custom of the spark fire is traditionally held in Herdwangen on Spark Sunday . The spark made of straw is set up around a spark fir with a spark witch on the Hüttenbühl.

Music and customs

• Herdwangen Music Association
• Church choir St. Peter and Paul
• Fools Association donkey ears

education

• Herdwangen-Schönach primary school
• Support association for the Herdwangen primary school

Sports

• The Herdwanger sports club plays in the regional soccer league A, Season III. The sports club maintains a ten kilometer long groomed trail from Herdwangen in the direction of the Owingen hamlet "Wilder".
• Herdwangen-Schönach tennis club
• KK Schützenverein Herdwangen
• Herdwangen-Spießhof riding club
• In the district of Vorstadt there is a 150 to 200 meter long toboggan run without a lift near the bus stop on Ramsberg.

Natural monuments

The nature reserve Ruhestetter Ried between Ruhestetten , Herdwangen and Alberweiler is a low moor complex in the area of ​​origin of the Linzer Aach and lies in an ice age depression.

Personalities

• Emil Stehle (1926–2017), Roman Catholic Bishop of Santo Domingo de los Colorados
• Otto Osterwald (1887–1967), mayor, mayor and member of the Baden state parliament (center party)

Remarks

1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 549 .
2. ↑ The parish of Herdwangen and its parish church of St. Peter and Paul ( Memento of the original from December 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the pastoral care unit forest 
3. ↑ Falko Hahn: Feuchmayers Josef and his history . In: Südkurier of July 8, 2008
4. ↑ Edwin Ernst Weber: The subjects as subjects of history
5. ↑ Isabell Michelberger: Searching for Traces after the Peasants' War of 1525 . In: Südkurier from July 20, 2010
6. ^ Karl-Heinz Fahlbusch: Winter fun in the district. Cross-country trails are groomed. In: Südkurier from January 9, 2009

literature

• Herdwangen-Schönach community (ed.): Herdwangen-Schönach. Homeland book on the history of the community and the northern Linzgau . Herdwangen-Schönach 1994.
• Edwin E. Weber: A Christian democrat in difficult times: the Baden center politician, member of the state parliament and Herdwang mayor Otto Osterwald (1887–1967) . In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings . 116, 1998, pp. 153-172.
• Peter Stoll: A St. Benedikt von Franz Joseph Spiegler in the parish church of Herdwangen , Augsburg, University, 2011 ( full text )

Web links

• Website of the community of Herdwangen-Schönach