Gasthaus Adler (houses)
The Gasthaus Adler in Häuser in the district of Waldshut in Baden-Württemberg is a traditional inn , which was known as "'Adlerwirtshus" as early as the 1970s and with it the village of Hhäusern far beyond the borders. Today the Adler is "a hotel with international flair [...] and the largest employer in the community."
Expanded into the hotel industry in the post-war period, the restaurant received a Michelin star in 1966 , which it has held continuously as the only restaurant in Germany.
In 2011 the couple Florian and Angela Zumkeller took over the house, which has been in the family since 1858.
Name and lore
- According to the owner of the present is eagle with the award of the Tafernrechts called in 1596 for the first time. However, there is no evidence of this. It is not excluded, because in the run-up to the change of rule of houses in 1597 under the sovereignty ( high jurisdiction ) of the monastery of St. Blasien , a tavern that was still simple at the time could have received this upgrade.
- The name of the inn by local historian KF Wernet, which has been passed down with certainty: "In 1784 Johann Kech was the landlord of the inn [... and] had handed over the business to his son Blasi in April 1787." He was also confirmed in the office of customs officer of the secondary customs office for houses . And: “In 1810, the directorate of the Wiesenkreis commissioned the Vogtei houses to maintain the main street [...] to the path that leads from the Wittlisberger Hof to the 'Alten Post' and on to the border of the 'sub-district' (today 'Streit') . “It is an indication that the eagle was still called Alte Post at that time .
- Birgit Arzet, 2010, p. 170, says about the inn "In 1825 it was renamed 'Adler' and received the 'Schilderwirtschaftsrechte' '."
- Only the name change is confirmed: “On March 14th (1827) the carpentry work for the restoration of the Schwarzabrücke was publicly auctioned in the Gasthaus Adler, which at that time belonged to Fidel Kech.” (Wernet, 163).
- "In 1838, former bailiff Rudigier bought the inn, which then came to the Zumkeller family in 1858." (Wernet, 127).
Location and environment
The Adler houses are located in the southern Black Forest , in the triangle Freiburg - Basel - Bodensee .
The Feldberg , Schluchsee and Titisee lakes are in the immediate vicinity . The Wutach Gorge and the “Sauschwänzle” museum railway to the east are attractive for tourists ; south of the border with Switzerland , which is formed by the Upper Rhine , are the Rhine Falls near Schaffhausen , the ruins of the Küssaburg and the old towns of Waldshut-Tiengen and Bad Säckingen .
Away from the Black Forest High Road B 500 , the hotel is located in the middle of the old town center, a short distance from the historically important monastery of St. Blasien, which is still important today thanks to its cathedral . Extensive forests and the wild and romantic gorge of the Schwarza and the Schwarzabruck reservoir are in the vicinity .
Technical monuments in the immediate vicinity are the facilities of the Schluchseewerkes .
Kurort Häuser
After the start-up of the power station Häuser (1931) created a strong financial basis, the community was able to endeavor to develop it as a health resort with numerous appropriate infrastructure measures. At the beginning of the 1980s there were “more than 900 guest beds available” in the village with 1200 inhabitants and “almost 200,000 overnight stays” were counted. In 2017, 320 beds were still available and the number of overnight stays was 52,409.
Early importance as a post office?
Today the inn has an eagle in its coat of arms, which is held by a griffin. However, the origin of the shield cannot be determined. According to the owner, the sign was acquired unknown elsewhere. The griffin as a shield holder was a symbol of the state of Baden and goes back to the coat of arms of the Zähringer .
The importance of the path from Waldshut to Höchenschwand via houses to Schluchsee cannot be described in its early phase, but according to Wernet “the importance of the road over the Höchenschwander Berg grew from century to century” (Wernet, p. 13). Since the houses between the Upper Rhine and the then difficult passage to the Schluchsee were also intersections, one of the large buildings could have existed very early as a street station and restaurant for long-distance travelers - including traders and messengers (changing horses). They made a stop, but were not yet permanent guests.
A prehistory of the eagle as a post station within the framework of the postal courses established in the Grand Duchy of Baden from 1818 would have already meant the establishment of overnight accommodation and, above all, the accommodation of horses and wagons, and later also carriages.
From the village inn to the hotel
Formerly tourism
The economic development in the 19th century had caused travel and vacation (“summer vacation”) in Central Europe by the developing middle class, but in Germany trips abroad were again considerably restricted by the lost First World War . As a result, local regions came into focus: “The only inn that grew beyond the rank of a village inn was the Adler. After the First World War, in the twenties , there were always a modest number of guests looking for relaxation. ”(Wernet, 156). In the Third Reich, the “ Kraft durch Freude” vacation program played a role in the allocation of vacation spots .
Modern tourism
The real Black Forest tourism began in the post-war period and in 1956 took over from his parents Erich Zumkeller "together with his wife Lisa the house with six guest rooms, own butcher's shop and agriculture." In 1967, the economic part enabled a hotel extension with 21 rooms, a new reception, dining room, bar and indoor swimming pool. The bathroom was also available to the public. "
A year earlier, "Erich Zumkeller received a star for his restaurant in the first Michelin travel guide, and the star has been awarded every year without interruption to this day." Gardens and a large wellness area. Numerous celebrities stayed at the Adler or even had to be turned away. The next generation joined the company at different times, in 2011 the 185th anniversary was celebrated and on December 1, 2011 Florian Zumkeller and Angela Haslbeck-Zumkeller took over the house.
Second restaurant
The “Deutsche Hof”, built between 1600 and 1650 (during the Thirty Years' War ), was built in houses “on the historic village square (stood) for centuries ”. It was considered a bush tavern, had different names, "but with the Hüsemern it was and always remained the 'Bierhus'." In 1968, the last landlady, "Strumpfmarie", sold the inn with a bowling alley to the Zumkellers. "The Deutsche Hof still lived" until 1973, when the fire department demolished the houses "warm". 1983 “The Chämi-Hüsli was built on the property.” Erich Zumkeller at the opening: “We don't want to build a luxury shed, but an inn for everyone.” After a redesign, the then junior manager Florian Zumkeller took over the Chämi-Hüsli on December 15, 2006 .
history
The Wittlisberger Hof, mentioned in a "written communication" on a hill in 1050, is considered to be the origin of the community of houses. In a document, "the founding of the Wittlisberger Hof" is considered a "gift from a knight to the monastery [Rheinau ...] in the years 1077 to 1122". Today the St. Anna Chapel still stands there.
Prehistory of the later inn
From the 14th century there is a reference to four other farms, which led along a path that "led through the valley of the Schwarza from the boggy end of the Schluchsee and further from Grafenhausen over the Schwarzabruck to Häuser". (KF Wernet, Hausen , 1971, p. 13).
In a monastery inventory in 1328 and from a list of “huz tenth-compulsory farms” in 1375, no direct reference to an inn can be read either, but the place of jurisdiction is: “that houses are often the seat of st. Blasian forest provost and increasingly gained in importance. ”(Wernet, 119–122). The required hall and the catering needs of those who came together often established an inn.
“Until the end of the 16th century, the number of inns in Hauenstein was very limited. Then each bailiwick was finally granted a tavern. The owner had to pay the tavern interest (Täfferzins) to the authorities and the change (the tax on the amount of wine). [...] The first change order dates from 1681. "
First certification of the inn
18th century
In a listing of the monastery from 1780 “the church was able to draw the following taxes from houses: 1. Property and trade tax from the tavern and payment for the right to tap.” The list includes 20 other taxable persons. (Wernet, 54). Here is the reference to an already existing table law.
“In 1784 Johann Kech was the host of the inn ['Alte Post', renamed in 'Adler' in 1825], which, according to its name, was probably a post office stop. […] The Kech family owned the 'Adler' until 1838. In 1808 the house burned down but was immediately rebuilt. The baking and butchering law rested on this. In 1838, old bailiff Rudigier bought the inn, which then came to the Zumkeller family in 1858. "
Post office in the 19th century
After secularization , the Napoleonic reorganization - the abolition of the monasteries, the disempowerment of the smaller aristocratic houses and the abolition of legal relationships that were still medieval - from 1806 power in the country passed to the Grand Duchy of Baden .
“The Baden government in Karlsruhe devoted more attention to the postal system than the West Austrian government in Freiburg because the new state was composed of many territories that were supposed to grow together. The Grand Duchy had a total of 80 post offices in 1818, but already more than 145 in 1845. [...] In 1857, regular personal mail ran between St. Blasien and Waldshut. "
- In the 1840s, the "Adlerwirtshaus" is mentioned when building the road to Schwarzabruck. (Wernet, 164)
- Report of a “local trip” from 1850: “At restaurants there are: a real inn ('Zum Adler') and a 'personal' beer tavern, i. h., a beer business whose license is tied to the person of the owner. "
- In 1858 the eagle went to the Zumkeller family, who were granted citizenship in houses in 1860. (Wernet, 88).
- In 1871, after the war against France had been won , a peace festival was celebrated in the Adler, for which the Adler host received 20 fl for food and drink from the community. From that year until 1880 "new country roads were built from Seebrugg via houses to St. Blasien and Waldshut" (Wernet, 89 and 164).
Awards
- Michelin star restaurant since 1966
- In 1998, under restaurateur Winfried Zumkeller, the Adler became "a member of the international hotel association 'Relais & Chateau' with headquarters in Paris."
- The travel guide "1000 Places to See Before You Die" describes the eagle in houses in the chapter Western Europe , section Baden-Baden and the Black Forest .
annotation
- ↑ Taferne (tavern) = wine tavern, inn with the right to serve warm meals and accommodate guests (real law, often with baking and butchery rights); in contrast to this, Busch-, Kranz-, Strausswirtschaft [also Zapfenwirtschaft] with the right to serve wine and bread and cheese as vespers (B. Matt-Willmatt / KF Hoggenmüller: Lauchringen , 1986, p. 725.).
- ↑ : Text in the travel guide: “South of Titisee, in houses, the lovable Adler Schwarzwald - in the same family for 6 generations - offers bright, tasteful rooms and an excellent restaurant with delicious regional specialties such as grilled Black Forest pike and homemade spaetzle. When it's warm, you should dine in the charming garden. ”(Patricia Schultz: 1000 Places to See Before You Die . German edition: writehouse Cologne, hf ullmann Verlag , Potsdam 2014, ISBN 978-3-8480-1000-4 , p . 12).
Web link
literature
- Karl-Friedrich Wernet: Houses through the centuries . Ed .: Municipality of houses, printing and publishing house Konstanz, houses 1971.
- Birgit Arzet: Houses - our village - our people. From the 20th century into the new millennium . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2010. ISBN 978-3-89870-675-9 .
- Claus-Peter Hilger: The community houses. From the Wittlisberger Hof to the village development plan In: Heimat am Hochrhein. Yearbook of the district of Waldshut 1983 Verlaganstalt Konstanz GmbH, Konstanz 1982. ISBN 3-87799-033-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Birgit Arzet: Our village - houses - our people , Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2010, p. 171 f. ISBN 978-3-89870-675-9 .
- ^ Karl-Friedrich Wernet: Houses in the course of the centuries . Ed .: Municipality of houses, printing and publishing house Konstanz, houses 1971, p. 127 and 163.
- ^ Claus-Peter Hilger: The community houses. From the Wittlisberger Hof to the village development plan In: Heimat am Hochrhein. Yearbook of the district of Waldshut 1983 Verlaganstalt Konstanz GmbH, Konstanz 1982, p. 19. Numerous information on the infrastructure measures and results of a guest survey in 1981 (pp. 20 and 23).
- ↑ pdf Statistics Tourismus BaWü Häuser, p. 21. The decline affected the Black Forest in general. In recent years the numbers have increased again.
- ↑ Birgit Arzet: Häuser , 2010, p. 170.
- ↑ Birgit Arzet: Häuser , 2010, p. 173 f.
- ↑ KF Wernet: Häuser , Konstanz 1971, pp. 34 and 11.
- ↑ B. Arzet: Häuser 2010, p. 172.
Coordinates: 47 ° 45 ′ 4.1 ″ N , 8 ° 10 ′ 5.4 ″ E