Herford district

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 52 ° 7 ′  N , 8 ° 40 ′  E
Basic data
Existing period:	1816–
State :	North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region :	Detmold
Regional association :	Westphalia-Lippe
Administrative headquarters :	Herford
Area :	450.41 km 2
Residents:	250,578 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	556 inhabitants per km 2
License plate :	HF
Circle key :	05 7 58
Circle structure:	9 municipalities
Address of the district administration:	Amtshausstrasse 3 32051 Herford
Website :	www.kreis-herford.de
District Administrator :	Jürgen Müller ( SPD )
Location of the Herford district in North Rhine-Westphalia

The Herford district (1911–1969 Herford district ) is a district in the East Westphalia-Lippe region in northeast North Rhine-Westphalia . The county seat is Herford .

The Herford district is largely located in the Ravensberg hill country and is one of the most densely populated (rural) districts in Germany. The main international traffic routes from Berlin / Hanover towards the Rhine / Ruhr and the Netherlands run through it . With its urbanized core space along these axes the circular part is the East Westphalia compression space Gütersloh - Bielefeld -Herford- Minden . There is a strong industrial character with a wide range of branches, with the furniture and textile industries standing out.

Formed in 1816 within the Prussian province of Westphalia , the district has had almost unchanged borders since 1832, apart from the temporary excision of Herford. Since 1969 it has been divided into six cities and three municipalities. The Herford district has given itself the nickname " Wittekindsland ".

geography

location

The Herford district is located in the northeast of North Rhine-Westphalia , in the north of East Westphalia-Lippe and the administrative district of Detmold . Its maximum extent is 35 km in east-west direction and 23 km in north-south direction. The circular area is around 450 km². The closest major cities apart from Bielefeld are Osnabrück (30 km west of the district boundaries) and Paderborn (60 km south).

Neighboring areas

The district borders, starting in the north in a clockwise direction, on the districts of Minden-Lübbecke and Lippe , on the independent city of Bielefeld and on the district of Gütersloh (all in North Rhine-Westphalia) and on the district of Osnabrück (in Lower Saxony ).

Circle structure

The District of Herford with its approximately 253,000 inhabitants is made up of six towns and three other communities together

(in brackets population figures as of December 31, 2019)

Cities Frets (45,187) Tight (20,490) Herford (66,638) Wages (39,915) Spenge (14,482) Vlotho (18,380)

Other communities Hiddenhausen (19,705) Kirchlengern (16,023) Roedinghausen (9,758)

The district town of Herford is a large district town ; Bunds and wages are considered to be middle-class cities . These cities form an agglomeration with Hiddenhausen, with Hiddenhausen and Herford having the highest population density. The outlying areas of the district area (Rödinghausen, Vlotho and Spenge) that are away from the major traffic axes are less affected by this increasing urbanization.

Natural space

High layers

The district area is roughly delimited by the Wiehen Mountains in the north, in the south by the foothills of the Teutoburg Forest and in the east by the Weser Valley and the Lipper Mountains . Apart from the Warmenau in connection with the Kilverbach there is no noticeable natural boundary in the west ; the border of the Herford district is also the border to the state of Lower Saxony and follows the historical borderline between the Prussian province of Westphalia and the areas of the Kingdom of Hanover in the 19th century.

The district is thus completely part of the Weserbergland and forms the core area of ​​the Ravensberger Mulde (also Ravensberger Hügelland) and the Ravensberger Landes . Only Vlotho is mostly not in the Ravensberger Hügelland, but is mostly part of the Lipper Bergland . The Ravensberger Mulde is a gently undulating, between 50  m above sea level. NN and 140  m above sea level NN lying hilly country , which is clearly framed by the surrounding, up to 300 m high mountain countries. Numerous small valleys (so-called sieves ) often cut suddenly and deeply into the otherwise poorly coupled land. In the far northwest, where the ridge of the Wiehengebirge represents the border of the Herford district, the Nonnenstein reaches a height of 274  m above sea level. NN . However, the highest mountains are found in the southeast of the district, where the mountains of the Lipper Bergland are over 300  m above sea level. Reach NN . The highest mountain in the district is 342  m above sea level. NN high receipt stack in Vlotho. The four next higher peaks Nettelberg (304 m), Saalegge (300), Ruschberg (294) and Bickplecken (276) are also in Vlotho. The deepest lowlands with around 48  m above sea level. NN height are the Werreauen in wages and the Wesertal in Vlotho with 47  m above sea level. NN .

See also : List of mountains and elevations in Ostwestfalen-Lippe

geology

Geologically, in the Ravensberg hill country there are essentially lias plates with loess overlay , which were transformed into hill country through the breakdown in the Pleistocene . Under the loess cover there are sometimes bed debris . Another legacy of the Ice Ages are the boulders that are often found . The Elsetal and the lower course of the Werre further to the east form the low-lying glacial valley of the Else-Werre-Niederung, which runs in a west-east direction . The Osning , which only touches the area in its foothills, and the Wiehengebirge were formed millions of years ago in the Cretaceous through uplifts and folds of the earth's crust, together with the Weser Uplands . In the ridge-like mountain ranges you can find mainly sandstone ( Osning sandstone and Porta sandstone ), which comes from the Cretaceous and Jurassic periods . The Doberg in Bünde, which is one of the most extensive fossil deposits from the time of the Oligocene north of the Alps, is a specialty .

climate

Climate diagram for Herford

The predominant climate is the Atlantic maritime climate . The climate is determined by the location in the ocean-continental transition area of ​​Central Europe. The winters are mild and the summers moderately warm. The winds mostly come from the west or south-west and bring even precipitation, which is a little higher in summer. To pronounced incline rain, such as B. on the windward side of the Teutoburg Forest, it does not occur due to the bordered location between Osning, Wiehengebirge and Meller Berge . On a long-term average (1961–1990) the region had an average of 1473 hours of sunshine per year (observation station: Herford). Long-term average climate data (1971-2000) for the district town of Herford:

Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Herford (1971-2000) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Temperature ( ° C ) 1.8 2.2 5.3 8.4 13.0 15.6 17.7 17.4 13.8 9.8 5.4 3.1 O 9.5 Precipitation ( mm ) 72 49 65 53 65 82 69 71 73 61 64 80 Σ 804 Source: DWD

The climate data shown for Herford are exemplary for most of the cities and municipalities in the district, as at least Löhne, Bünde, Enger, Hiddenhausen and Kirchlengern are in a natural spatial location comparable to Herford. For parts of Vlotho and Rödinghausen (→ Climate in Rödinghausen ), monthly average temperatures of up to 0.5 ° C can be assumed due to the relative altitude.

See also : Climate in Ostwestfalen-Lippe

Waters

Typical Ravensberg landscape with Siek near Bünde

Due to its basin location between Wiehengebirge and Osning, the Herford district is a very water-rich area. The most important rivers besides the Weser are the Werre , Else and Aa . In Herford, the Aa flows into the Werre, which, coming from the Teutoburg Forest, initially flows through the district from south to north and joins the Else, which flows from east to west near Kirchlengern . The Werre then flows from east to west to drain into the Weser (already beyond the district boundary). Only a few streams on the borders of the district do not drain through the Else and Werre catchment areas, but rather, for example, through the Große Aue or the Hunte in the Rödinghausen area . Ultimately, however, these waters also drain into the Weser. In the southeast of the district, some streams also drain directly into the Weser, which since a territorial reform in 1973 no longer just grazes the district, but also flows through it for a short distance. The Weser is also the largest river in the district and the only waterway . The largest lake with a water surface of around twelve hectares is the Hücker Moor in Spenge .

See also : List of waters in Ostwestfalen-Lippe

Land use

Land use

Due to the fertile loess soils , the area belongs to the old settlements , was used for agriculture early on and developed into a very poorly forested, small-scale cultural landscape with a forest share of only 8.4 percent. Mainly grain and maize , and increasingly also rapeseed, are cultivated. The predominant natural forest community is that of the oak - hornbeam forest .

Due to its location near important transport links and the onset of industrialization , the district developed into a heavily sprawled agglomeration of cities that are growing closer and closer together. This group of cities extends beyond the district and includes cities such as Bielefeld, Bad Salzuflen and Minden . The district is one of the most densely populated and least forested (rural) districts in Germany. Almost 30 percent of the area is traffic or settlement area. Nevertheless, around 60 percent of the area of ​​the district consists of agricultural land, so that the district has been able to retain its rural appearance in large areas despite the high population density. The exact area distribution is summarized below:

Area according to type of use	Area in ha	Share of total area
Settlement and transport	13,117	029.1%
Agriculture	27,420	060.9%
Forest	03,769	008.4%
water	00.212	001.1%
other open spaces	00.490	000.5%
total	45.008	100.0%

history

Settlement history

Tobacco store in Bünde

Findings suggest that the area, although not continuously, was inhabited as early as the Stone Age and pre-Roman times. Roman historians report that the Cherusci settled around the turn of the century , who were able to stop the Roman expansion into this area during the Varus Battle . Later, the Saxon Engers settled in the area with its fertile soils , who were subjugated by the Franks under Widukind around 800 . From the early Middle Ages onwards, power was mainly exercised by the Franconian counts and the women's monastery in Herford. The rural population lived as farmers in Drubbeln in the midst of extensive brands. As a result of the inheritance law and the heuerling system, the following social classes developed one after the other: heirs , Erbkötter , Markkötter and heuerlings . The latter groups were economically and, to varying degrees, legally dependent on the old farmers. Even after the later division of the brands , the livelihoods of the poor farmers were so small that they opened up a new way of earning a living in the 15th century with flax cultivation and processing into linen, thus initiating proto-industrialization . In mercantilism , home work around linen processing was encouraged by Prussia, but it declined with the advent of mechanical looms, so that many needy workers had to emigrate. The tobacco industry compensated for this from around 1860 onwards, which largely came from the Graubünden factory owner Tönnies Wellensiek, was fueled by the new Cologne-Minden railway and soon became the dominant branch in the district. After the Second World War, which essentially only affected the district town of Herford directly, the technological backlog of the German tobacco industry led to its decline and it was primarily the (kitchen) furniture manufacturers who were able to achieve a new balance.

See also : Ravensberger Land  and Imperial City of Herford

Administrative history

Old district house in Herford (postcard around 1902)

prehistory

Before 1816, the greater part of today's district area belonged to the Grafschaft Ravensberg (offices Limberg, Vlotho and Sparrenberg), the north and east on the other side of the Weser to the bishopric or principality of Minden (offices Hausberge and Reineberg). The city of Herford was under the women's monastery there for a long time and was meanwhile a free imperial city . All these areas fell to Brandenburg-Prussia in the 17th century , which in 1719 created an overarching administrative unit with Minden-Ravensberg . The only exception was the tiny Herford abbey , which remained independent until 1802. As a result of the joint Prussian administration of these two territories, the old boundaries of the territories lost their importance, although the old territories were formally in existence until 1815.

In 1806 the area fell under the rule of Napoleonic France . Between 1807 and 1810, the later district area was part of the de facto French Kingdom of Westphalia ( Weser department , largely Bielefeld district , Uffeln part of Minden district ). The part northwest of the Aa / Johannisbachs and Werre belonged to France between 1811 and 1813 ( Ober-Ems department , Minden district). The remainder of the Kingdom of Westphalia was predominantly incorporated into the department of Fulda (still the district of Bielefeld), only the area east of the Weser ( Uffeln ) fell to the department of the Leine , district of Rinteln. During this time, the area received an administration based on the French model and was divided into several cantons below the districts (arrondissements). After the reconquest by Prussia, it was provisionally part of the civil government between the Weser and the Rhine from 1813 until the founding of the Prussian province of Westphalia .

1816-1968

Location of the districts of Bünde and Herford in the administrative district of Minden 1817–1831

Location of the district or from 1911 of the rural and urban district in the administrative district of Minden 1832–1947

Location of the rural and urban district in the administrative district of Detmold 1947–1968

Situation in 1968 shortly before the merging of the city and district

In 1816 the Herford district was founded in the Minden administrative district of the Prussian province of Westphalia . Its area initially only corresponded to that of today's cities of Herford, Vlotho and Bad Oeynhausen (south and east) and the Bielefeld district of Jöllenbeck . The district was divided into the three administrative districts of Herford, Jöllenbeck and Vlotho. The layout of the district area caused some dissatisfaction; the then district administrator of Borries, for example, complained about his “shape of a long, crooked sausage”. In 1832, therefore, the largest part of the Bünde district was added to the district, at the same time the Rehme parish went to the Minden district and the Jöllenbeck parish to the Bielefeld district . With this the limits of today's Herford district were almost reached. After its expansion, the district was divided into the seven administrative districts of Herford-Stadt, Herford-Land, Bünde, Enger, Mennighüffen, Spenge and Vlotho, some of which were also referred to as the mayor's office or canton at the time.

As part of the introduction of the rural community order for the province of Westphalia , the district was divided into the nine offices of Bünde, Enger, Gohfeld, Herford, Hiddenhausen, Mennighüffen, Rödinghausen, Spenge and Vlotho in December 1843 . The city of Herford remained vacant. In 1859 a smaller part of the Gohfeld community went to the newly founded town of Bad Oeynhausen in the Minden district. In 1911 Herford left the district and became an independent city , but continued to house the administrative district.

Since 1947 the district has belonged to the North Rhine-Westphalian administrative district of Detmold . Until 1968 it comprised the eight offices of Enger, Ennigloh, Herford-Hiddenhausen, Kirchlengern, Löhne, Rödinghausen, Spenge and Vlotho with a total of 57 official cities and municipalities in addition to the city of Bünde. The development of the offices up to 1968 is shown below:

• Amt Enger: The Amt Enger existed from 1843 to 1968 and comprised the town of Enger and the communities of Belke-Steinbeck , Besenkamp , Dreyen , Herringhausen , Oldinghausen , Pödinghausen , Siele and Westerenger . From 1816 to 1843 this area formed the administrative district Enger , which in turn emerged from the Napoleonic canton Enger .

• Amt Ennigloh: The Amt Ennigloh existed from 1902 to 1968 as the successor to the Amt Bünde and comprised the communities of Dünne , Spradow , Hunnebrock , Hüffen , Werfen , Südlengern , Ahle , Holsen , Muckum and Ennigloh . The Steinlake manor district was incorporated into Kirchlengern in 1929 .

• Bünde Office: The Bünde Office existed from 1843 to 1902 and comprised the city of Bünde , the municipalities of Dünne, Spradow, Hunnebrock, Hüffen, Werfen, Südlengern, Ahle, Holsen, Muckum and Ennigloh as well as the Steinlake estate. From 1843 to 1865 the offices of Bünde and Rödinghausen were administered in personal union as the office of Bünde-Rödinghausen . In 1902 the city of Bünde left the office, which has since been called Ennigloh .

• Office Bünde-Rödinghausen: After their establishment, the offices of Bünde and Rödinghausen were initially administered in personal union by a joint bailiff from Bünde. Both offices were formally united in 1851 to the office of Bünde-Rödinghausen and separated again in 1865.

• Office Herford-Hiddenhausen: The Office Herford-Hiddenhausen was created in 1864 from the merger of the offices Herford and Hiddenhausen, which had been administered in personal union since 1843. Most recently it included the communities of Bustedt , Eilshausen , Hiddenhausen , Lippinghausen , Oetinghausen , Schweicheln-Bermbeck , Sundern , Diebrock , Eickum , Elverdissen , Falkendiek , Laar , Schwarzenmoor and Stedefreund . The Oberbehme manor district was incorporated into Kirchlengern in 1929. In 1950, Schweicheln and Bermbeck were merged to form the community of Schweicheln-Bermbeck. The office was dissolved in 1968 and became part of the enlarged community of Hiddenhausen and the city of Herford.

• Amt Herford: The Amt Herford, founded in 1843, comprised the communities of Schweicheln , Bermbeck , Sundern, Diebrock, Eickum, Elverdissen, Falkendiek, Laar, Schwarzenmoor and Stedefreund as well as the manor district of Oberbehme. The city of Herford remained vacant and did not belong to the office. The office was opened in 1864 in the Herford-Hiddenhausen office .

• Office Hiddenhausen: The Office Hiddenhausen, founded in 1843, comprised the communities of Bustedt, Eilshausen, Hiddenhausen, Lippinghausen and Oetinghausen. It opened up in the Herford-Hiddenhausen office in 1864 . Its communities have always formed the parish of Hiddenhausen .

• Amt Kirchlengern: The Amt Kirchlengern existed from 1919 to 1968 and comprised the communities of Häver , Kirchlengern , Klosterbauerschaft , Quernheim , Rehmerloh and Stift Quernheim , all of which belonged to the Amt Mennighüffen until 1919. In 1929 the manor districts of Oberbehme and Steinlake were incorporated into Kirchlengern.

• Office Löhne: The Office Löhne existed from 1943 to 1968 and emerged from the merger of the Offices Gohfeld and Menninghüffen, which were previously administered in the joint Office Gohfeld-Menninghüffen . The five municipalities Gohfeld , Löhne , Mennighüffen , Obernbeck and Ulenburg belonged to the office of Löhne .

• Amt Gohfeld: The Amt Gohfeld existed from 1843 to 1943 and was administered in personal union with the Amt Mennighüffen throughout its existence. It consisted of the two communities Gohfeld and Löhne. In 1859, a part of about 700 inhabitants in the east of Gohfeld went to the newly founded town of Bad Oeynhausen in the Minden district . The office was added to the office wages in 1943 .

• Amt Menninghüffen: The Amt Menninghüffen existed from 1843 to 1943 and was administered jointly with the Amt Gohfeld throughout its existence. It comprised the communities of Mennighüffen, Obernbeck and Ulenburg and, until 1919, the communities of Kirchlengern , Häver , Quernheim , Quernheim Abbey , Klosterbauerschaft and Rehmerloh . In 1919 Kirchlengern, Häver, Quernheim, Stift Quernheim, Klosterbauerschaft and Rehmerloh were spun off into the new Kirchlengern office. The manor district Beck-Ulendorf was divided into the manor districts Beck and Ulenburg in 1901 , which were combined to form the municipality of Ulenburg in 1929. The Menninghüffen office was added to the Löhne office in 1943 .

• Gohfeld-Menninghüffen Office: The Gohfeld and Menninghüffen offices, administered in personal union, were formally united in 1851 to form the Gohfeld-Menninghüffen Office and separated again in 1865. In 1943 the two offices were merged to form the Office for Wages . From 1816 to 1843 the area belonged to the Mennighüffen administrative district.

• Office Rödinghausen: The Office Rödinghausen existed from 1843 to 1968 and comprised the five communities of Bieren , Ostkilver , Rödinghausen , Schwenningdorf and Westkilver . It was temporarily merged with the Bünde office to form the Bünde-Rödinghausen office . Its area corresponded to the parish of Rödinghausen , which had belonged to the Ravensberg office of Limberg in the pre-Napoleonic period .

• Spenge Office: From 1843 to 1968, the Spenge Office comprised the five communities of Bardüttingdorf , Hücker-Aschen , Lenzinghausen , Spenge and Wallenbrück . Its area corresponded to the two old parishes of Spenge and Wallenbrück

• Amt Vlotho: The Amt Vlotho comprised the town of Vlotho and the two communities of Exter and Valdorf throughout its existence from 1843 to 1968 . Its predecessor was the administrative district of Vlotho , which until 1832 also included Rehme , Dehme and Niederbecksen .

Offices and municipalities in the city and district from 1951 to 1968

In 1968 the district bordered in a clockwise direction, starting in the north, with the districts of Lübbecke , Minden , Lemgo , Bielefeld and Halle (Westphalia) and the district of Melle in Lower Saxony . The urban district of Herford was largely enclosed by the district and bordered in the southeast on the district of Lemgo .

Since 1969

Municipalities of the Herford district on January 1, 1969

On January 1, 1969, the independent city and the district of Herford were united to the new district (from October 1, 1969 district) Herford. The district area was simultaneously reclassified into six cities and three municipalities. Often the parish division was based on the structure of the offices. In detail, the new communities were formed from the offices as follows:

1. Bünde , city, union with the office of Ennigloh and Südlengern-Heide (West), in addition most of Bustedt
2. Narrow , city within the limits of the office without Herringhausen-Ost
3. Herford , city, union with office Herford-Hiddenhausen without north-west, plus Herringhausen-east
4. Hiddenhausen , municipality from the north-western district of Herford-Hiddenhausen without most of Bustedt
5. Kirchlengern , municipality within the boundaries of the office, plus Südlengern village (east)
6. Wages , city within the limits of the office
7. Rödinghausen , municipality within the boundaries of the office
8. Spenge , city within the boundaries of the office
9. Vlotho , city within the limits of the office

On January 1, 1973, as part of the implementation of the Bielefeld Act, the municipality of Uffeln, which had previously belonged to the Minden district, was annexed to the city of Vlotho and thus enlarged the district in the far east. Before that, the district had an area of ​​438.9 km².

population

Population development since 1816

Population development in the Herford district

The following overview shows the population of the Herford district according to the respective territorial status, which remained largely unchanged from 1832 to 1968. Relevant changes in the territorial status resulted from the incorporation of the greater part of the Bünde district and the reclassification of the parishes of Rehme (localities Dehme , Lohe and Rehme ) into the district of Minden and Jöllenbeck (localities Niederjöllenbeck and Oberjöllenbeck ) in the district of Bielefeld on January 1, 1832 and in 1860 when part of the Gohfeld community was given to the Minden district for the purpose of founding the city of Bad Oeynhausen . Furthermore, the incorporation of Uffeln (previously Minden district) into the district on January 1, 1973 had an impact on the territorial status.

The figures are census results up to 1970 and 1987 and from 1975 official updates by the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics . The figures from 1975 to 1985 are estimated values, the figures from 1990 onwards based on the results of the 1987 census.

From 1871 and 1946, the data relate to the local population , from 1925 to the resident population and from 1985 to the population at the place of the main residence . Before 1871, the population figures were determined using inconsistent survey methods.

Herford district

The city of Herford was not yet independent. Therefore, their population figures are included in the numbers of the district.

year Residents 1818 (Dec. 31) 21,911 1822 (December 1) 23,756 1825 (December 1) 24,649 1831 (December 3) 25,588 1834 (December 3) 57,509 1837 (Dec. 3) 59.284 1840 (December 3) 65,076 1843 (December 3) 65,715 1846 (December 3) 67,748 1849 (December 3) 69,160 1852 (December 3) 69,553 1855 (December 3) 67.151

year Residents 1858 (Dec. 3) 066,674 1861 (December 3) 067,717 1864 (December 3) 069,039 1867 (December 3) 069,307 1871 (December 1) 068,795 1880 (December 1) 076,427 1885 (December 1) 079,764 1890 (December 1) 087,068 1895 (December 1) 094,553 1900 (December 1) 105,582 1905 (December 1) 116,705 1910 (December 1) 127.157

District and City of Herford

The city was ejected in 1911. Until 1968 it was independent.

year	Residents
	total	district	city
1910 (Dec. 1 ) 1	127.157	094,630	32,527
1925 (June 16)	140,667	104,727	35,940
1933 (June 16)	153,559	115.023	38,536
1939 (May 17)	162,748	120,409	42,339
1946 (Oct. 29)	195.199	151.317	43,882
1950 (Sep 13)	212.048	161.941	50.107
1961 (June 6)	220.164	164.501	55,663

Herford district

On October 1, 1969, the district became the Herford district.

year Residents 1970 (May 27) 228.495 1975 (Dec. 31) 234.275 1980 (Dec. 31) 232,478 1985 (Dec. 31) 225,598 1987 (May 25) 227,548 1990 (Dec. 31) 238.231 1995 (Dec. 31) 250,768 2000 (Dec. 31) 254.754

year Residents 2005 (Dec. 31) 254.507 2007 (Dec. 31) 252,949 2008 (Dec. 31) 251,567 2012 (Dec. 31) 249.147 2014 (Dec. 31) 249.219 2016 (Dec. 31) 251.074 2018 (Dec. 31) 250,783

¹ Population on December 1, 1910 in the area of ​​the urban district formed on April 1, 1911

Population distribution

language

The people in the Herford district mostly speak High German with a slight East Westphalian accent. Before the standard German language established itself as a colloquial language, it was common to use Low German , which was spoken in an East Westphalian dialect , the Ravensberger Platt . The Low German again varied in a circle. It is mainly used by a few older residents of the district. The memory of this ancient language is kept alive in the Kruis Hiarwede (Low German for Herford district ) through numerous Low German events, e.g. B. through Low German church services. On the other hand, the Westphalian Regiolekt is relatively widespread , which is characterized by a regional coloring (abrasion) of High German and the use of special terms (e.g. "Pömpel" for "Poller", "wegkommen" or "wechommen" for "come here, come from" ).

See also : Low German in wages

religion

Herford Cathedral

Widukind is possibly buried in the Engeraner collegiate church

According to a study from 2006, the residents in the Herford district mostly (over 59%) belong to the Evangelical Church . The background to this is the centuries-long membership of the Protestant County of Ravensberg and the Principality of Minden , both of which fell to predominantly Protestant Prussia in 1648 at the latest and adopted Lutheran teachings as early as the mid-16th century. Less than 20% of the population are Roman Catholic; therefore not every congregation has a Catholic church. The Catholic population immigrated to the district mainly through migration movements after the Second World War. Around three to four percent of the population describe themselves as Islamic. There are Islamic prayer rooms. a. in leagues and wages. There is a small Jewish community in Herford.

Protestant church

The parish of Herford belongs to the Evangelical Church of Westphalia and was founded in 1818, at that time as part of the ecclesiastical province of Westphalia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union . Initially, the four municipalities of Herford, the village of Berg (Stiftberg), Jöllenbeck, Exter, Valdorf, Vlotho (ref. And Luther), Rehme, Rödinghausen, Bünde, Hiddenhausen, Gohfeld, Löhne, Enger, Spenge and Wallenbrück belonged to the church district. From 1836 Exter, Gohfeld, Rehme, Valdorf and Vlotho formed the newly created parish of Vlotho . Shortly after the political reorganization, Jöllenbeck was now also connected to Bielefeld in terms of church technology. In return, Kirchlengern, Mennighüffen and Quernheim Abbey came to the Herford parish. Spenge and Wallenbrück belonged to the Halle church district for around 100 years until 1964. With them, Hücker-Aschen moved to the Herford parish. During the time of the German-German division, the parish of Herford looked after the parishes of Bad Sachsa and Tettenborn, which belonged politically to Lower Saxony after the former Old Prussian Evangelical Church of the ecclesiastical province of Saxony , but after a British-Soviet border adjustment . Today five regions belong to the church district:

region	Communities
Frets	Bünde-Lydia , Dünne , Ennigloh , Hagedorn , Holsen - Ahle , Hunnebrock - Hüffen - Werfen , Kirchlengern , Rödinghausen (plus Bieren parish ), Spradow , Quernheim Abbey , Westkilver
Narrow Spenge	Narrow , Spenge
Herford	Elverdissen , Emmaus, middle , Herringhausen , Kreuz, Laar , Marien Stift Berg , Petri (ev-ref.)
Hiddenhausen	Eilshausen , Hiddenhausen , Lippinghausen , Oetinghausen , Schweicheln - Sundern - Bermbeck
Wages	Löhne , Mennighüffen , Obernbeck , Siemshof

There are 68 parishes and 54 kindergartens in the 30 parishes. The Herford parish , which has its administrative headquarters on Herford's Hansastraße, has around 130,000 parishioners.

Except for parts of the political community wages and the political community Vlotho that the church district Vlotho include the Church Herford responds to policy Herford. The part of the parish Vlotho in the district is made up of the following communities:

region	Communities
Wages	Gohfeld , Mahnen , Wittel
Vlotho	Exter - Bonneberg , Uffeln , Valdorf , St. Stephan (Vlotho-Stadt) , Wehrendorf , St. Johannis (ev.-ref.)

Catholic Church

The Catholic parishes belong to the Archdiocese of Paderborn and the Dean's Office of Herford-Minden. The dean's office is divided into the following parishes and pastoral groups in the Herford district:

Pastoral Association	Communities
Bünder Land	Bünde St. Joseph, Holsen St. Michael, Kirchlengern St. Marien
Herford	Herford Maria Frieden, Herford St. Johannes Bapt., Herford St. Paulus
Wages-Vlotho	Wages St. Laurentius, Exter St. Hedwig , Vlotho Heilig Kreuz
Widukindsland	Eilshausen St. Bonifatius, Enger St. Dionysius, Spenge St. Joseph

Politics and administration

District House in Herford

District Administrator

The district administrator has been directly elected since 1999. The office of senior district director was abolished in 1999. Since then, the district administrator has also taken on the duties of head of administration. There are two deputy district administrators who take on public representative functions. The district director is the administrative representative of the district administrator .

From May 2003 to October 2009 Lieselore Curländer ( CDU ) was the district administrator for the Herford district. She was elected as the first woman to head the circle with 52.29% of the vote. Curländer was replaced by the then mayor of Spenge , Christian Manz (CDU), who was district administrator for the Herford district until September 2015. In the district election on September 13, Manz was no longer available for election. District treasurer Jürgen Müller was elected the new district administrator with 53.3%, he is the first full-time office holder to be provided by the SPD.

administration

The marketing logo of the Herford district

The Herford district currently employs around 950 people. Most of its institutions are based in the Herford district building or in its immediate vicinity. The most important exception is the road traffic office in the Kirchlengern district.

The district administration is divided into four departments , in which the various areas of responsibility and responsibilities of the district are summarized:

• Department I: Personnel service, strategy office, auditing , media service and international contacts, finance, logistics and real estate, economic development and district development, project office
• Department II: Medical service, health planning and psychosocial assistance, health protection and central services, social-psychiatric rehabilitation facility, nature protection and regional planning , construction, water management, waste management, waste disposal company
• Department III: Advice and support for young people and their families, matters relating to the education office and student loans, administration of the district's own schools and culture, education office and media center, Museum Bünde , general social assistance and basic security, help with care in institutions, help for special target groups, sport, Representation of minors, advance maintenance, parental allowance , youth home
• Department IV: building yard, general regulatory and foreigner matters, security, general traffic matters, driving licenses, vehicle registrations , veterinary services, administration and food control, food monitoring and meat hygiene , measurements , management of the real estate cadastre , provision and use of spatial data , central matters, office of the expert committee .

Directly subordinate to the district administrator are the district police authority , the education authority, the staff representation department and the equal opportunities officer.

household

	Income	Approach 2008 in million euros	2007 estimate in million euros
1	Taxes and similar charges	004.124	002.864
2	Key assignments (mainly by country)	020,325	014.016
3	District levy (contributions from the municipalities)	107.758	108.760
4th	Public service fees (administration fees, etc.)	010.858	010,546
5	Service fees under private law (rents, leases, sales)	000.289	000.323
6th	Donations and general contributions	039.017	038.879
7th	Financial income	001.124	000.451
8th	other transfer income (replacement of social benefits, etc.)	002,411	001.741
9	other ordinary income (warning, fines and penalty payments)	002.593	002.581
10	Reimbursements and Cost allocations	005.476	006,074
	all in all	193.975	186.235

The largest income item in the district is the district levy . Their assessment rate , which the district can set without the consent of the municipalities, is currently 40.69%, which means that all nine municipalities belonging to the district have to pay 40.69% of their respective income to the district.

00	expenditure	Approach 2008 in million euros	2007 estimate in million euros
1	Personnel expenses	028.079	031.002
2	Utility expenses	005.933	000.843
3	Material u. Services	011,134	010.602
4th	Depreciation on property, plant and equipment	004,748	004.144
5	Landscape allocation (to the LWL )	043.058	041.248
6th	Transfer expenses (social benefits)	055.618	054.915
7th	Accommodation costs according to SGB II	032,500	034,500
8th	Other ordinary expenses	011.495	010.467
9	Interest and similar expenses	001,324	001,698
	all in all	193.889	189.419

According to the state's fee schedule, the districts are obliged to present a balanced budget. However, as happened in 2007, minor overdrafts can be covered by the so-called equalization reserve. This currently has a volume of 5.119 million euros for the Herford district.

District council

Election of the Herford District Assembly in 2014

in percent

 %

40

30th

20th

10

0

39.8%

34.8%

10.4%

4.4%

4.3%

3.4%

2.3%

0.6%

SPD

CDU

Green

left

AfD

FDP

FW

Pirates

Gains and losses

compared to 2009

 % p

   6th

   4th

   2

   0

  -2

  -4

  -6

+ 2.5  % p

-0.6  % p

± 0.0  % p

+ 0.3  % p

+ 4.3  % p

-5.8  % p

-1.2  % p

+ 0.6  % p

SPD

CDU

Green

left

AfD

FDP

FW

Pirates

Allocation of seats in the
Herford district assembly 2014

       

A total of 50 seats

• THE LEFT. : 2
• GREEN : 5
• SPD : 20
• FW : 1
• FDP : 2
• CDU : 18
• AfD : 2

Distribution of seats after the 2009 local elections

Distribution of seats in the district council in the 2004 electoral term

The district council currently consists of 50 seats. Group chairmen are currently: Wolfgang Tiekötter (SPD), Michael Schönbeck (CDU), Ingeborg Balz (GREEN), Fabian Stoffel (DIE LINKE), Herbert Weber (AfD) and Stephen Paul (FDP). The distribution of seats and the share of votes after the municipal elections in North Rhine-Westphalia in 2014, which resulted in a turnout of 51.2%, is shown in the following table. For comparison, the composition of the previous district assemblies is given (for the associated election results see below ).

Political party	Share of votes in 2014	Seats 2014	Seats 2009	Seats 2004	Seats 1999	Seats 1994
SPD	039.8%	20th	18th	20th	22nd	27
CDU	034.8%	18th	18th	21st	25th	23
GREEN	010.4%	05	05	04th	03	05
THE LEFT	004.4%	02	02	-	-	-
AfD	004.3%	02	-	-	-	-
FDP	003.4%	02	05	03	02	-
FW	002.3%	01	02	02	-	-
PIRATES	000.6%	-	-	-	-	-
total	100.0%	50	50	50	52	55

Source: State database North Rhine-Westphalia and State Returning Officer North Rhine-Westphalia.

Bundestag and Landtag elections

The Herford - Minden-Lübbecke II constituency is represented in the Bundestag by Stefan Schwartze (SPD). In the 2017 federal elections , he received 36.8% of the first votes.

In the state election in 2017 , the SPD politicians Christian Dahm ( constituency Herford I - Minden-Lübbecke III , 39.3% of the first votes) and Angela Lück ( Herford II - Minden-Lübbecke IV , 42.2%) were directly elected to the state parliament .

coat of arms

The black, jumping horse in the silver field of the Herford district coat of arms is supposed to remind of the Saxon Duke Wittekind , whose sarcophagus is in the collegiate church at Enger and whose bones are believed to be there. After three long wars in the years 772 to 804, the Duke of Saxony, fighting for independence, had to bow to the Frankish Charlemagne. Widukind's tribe of Engern (see also Enger ) settled in the Ravensberger Mulde at that time. Legend has it that Wittekind is said to have ridden a black stallion until he was baptized. After the (compulsory) baptism, Charlemagne gave him a white horse, which later became the heraldic animal of Westphalia . The district also describes itself as Wittekindsland. The coat of arms was awarded to the Herford district on August 10, 1938, and the black Westfalen horse was to be seen as an expression of the anti-Christian ideology of National Socialism . In April 1946, a previously existing angle cross with club-shaped thickened ends (club cross similar to the Lauburu ) in the upper left corner was removed as it was reminiscent of the swastika . In January 1970 the coat of arms was confirmed as the coat of arms of the new Herford district.

See also : List of coats of arms in the Herford district  and list of flags in the Herford district

• 

  Current coat of arms of the Herford district

• 

  A destroyed fresco from the 19th century showed the baptism of Widukind. In the foreground a flag with a black steed on a white background

• 

  Old version of the coat of arms with the club cross ( Lauburu )

District partnerships

Partner regions and cities

• Šibenik , Croatia : The district with 100,000 inhabitants has been a partner of the Herford district since 1970. Numerous encounter projects with clubs, school classes or youth groups are very important in the relationship.
• Renfrewshire , Scotland ( United Kingdom ): The region has around 170,000 inhabitants and has been a partner region since 1972. Here, too, encounter projects are in the foreground of relationships.
• Voiron , Département Isère , France : Voiron , near Grenoble , has been a twin town since 1966. Numerous schoolchildren and youth groups have visited the twin city every year since then.
• Condega , Nicaragua : There has been a partnership with this city in Nicaragua with a population of 13,000 since 1988. The partnership is a local political development partnership with the aim of improving people's living conditions.

(Unofficial) friendships

• Bassano del Grappa , Italy: Voiron's twin town
• Gorzów Wielkopolski , Poland: There is no official partnership between the Herford district and Gorzów (one of the twin towns of the Herford district town), but encounter projects are also funded here from the rest of the district.
• Jelgava , Latvia: Since 1989 youth exchange projects
• Quincy , Illinois, USA: Numerous citizens of the region emigrated to the city of 42,000 in the 19th century. In 1991 an official friendship pact was signed.

District administrators and senior district directors

There have been district administrators in the Herford district since 1816. The office of senior district director existed only from 1946 to 1999.

No. District administrators Term of office 1 Franz Haß 1816-1831 2 Philipp von Borries 1 1832-1838 3 Georg von Borries 1838-1870 4th Rudolf von Borries 1870-1890 5 Georg von Borries 1891-1902 6th Franz von Borries 1903-1933 7th Erich Hartmann 2 1933-1944 8th Friedrich Kleim 3 1944-1945 9 Friedrich von Laer 1945-1946

No. District administrators Term of office 10 August Griese 1946–1962 11 Ernst Albrecht 1962-1977 12 Siegfried Moning 1977-1989 13 Gerhard Wattenberg 1989-1999 14th Hans-Georg Kluge 1999-2003 15th Lieselore Curländer 2003-2009 16 Christian Manz 2009-2015 17th Jürgen Müller since 2015

No. Upper District Directors Term of office 1 Hans Friedrichs 1946-1954 2 Wolfgang Lorke 1954-1958 3 Günther Bantzer 1958-1965 4th Wolfgang Kuhr 1965-1974 5 Manfred Ragati 1975-1985 6th Henning Kreibohm 1985-1999

¹ 1816–1831 District Administrator in the Bünde district
² 1933–1934 provisional in office
³ provisional

District elections since 1946

Share of votes of the parties in percent

year	SPD	CDU	Green	FDP	left	FW HF	KPD
1946	53.8	39.0					6.1
1948	53.4	36.9					5.7
1952	53.9	28.4		13.8
11956 1	57.2	28.0		12.0
1961	55.0	33.7		11.3
1964	56.3	32.2		11.5
21969 2	51.7	33.7		09.0
1973	51.0	40.1		09.0
1975	48.6	42.9		08.5
1979	49.3	42.4		07.5
1984	46.8	38.9	09.1	05.1
1989	47.8	35.9	08.5	07.6
1994	46.6	40.0	09.0	04.2
1999	41.8	47.6	05.5	04.7
2004	39.1	41.8	09.0	06.4		3.1
2009	37.3	35.4	10.4	09.2	4.1	3.5
32014 3	39.8	34.8	10.4	03.4	4.4	2.3

Footnotes

¹ 1956: additional: BHE: 2.8%
² 1969: additional: NPD: 4.2%
³ 2014: additional: AfD: 4.3%

Sources: for elections in 1946 and 1952 to 1969, State Statistical Office of North Rhine-Westphalia; for the 1948 election chronicle of the Herford district. for the elections from 1984 state database North Rhine-Westphalia and state election officer North Rhine-Westphalia.

Culture and leisure

Theater, museums and music

MARTa Herford

The Nordhof, one of Enger's Sattelmeierhöfe

The largest theater is the Herford City Theater with 688 seats today, although it only serves guest performers. The most important museums are the Marta Herford for contemporary art and design, the German Tobacco and Cigar Museum in Bünde on the history of tobacco processing in the region, and the Dobergmuseum - Geological Museum Ostwestfalen-Lippe with exhibits from Doberg . Herford is home to one of the most important orchestras in North Rhine-Westphalia, the Northwest German Philharmonic . Herford is also the seat of the College of Church Music .

See also : List of museums in the Herford district

Buildings and parks

The most architecturally and / or historically significant church buildings include the Herford Minster from the 13th century, the former pilgrim church Jakobi Church from the 14th century in Herford, the Laurentiuskirche in Bünde and St. Bartholomäus in Rödinghausen (both probably from the 8th century) Century), as well as the collegiate church Enger , in which Widukind's grave is presumed, and the Kirchlengeraner collegiate church , which, like the Herford Minster, was the center of a women's foundation (→ Herford Monastery ), from which the entire region was largely administered in the Middle Ages. The largest preserved moated castles or palaces include u. a. the Ulenburg castle in Löhne, the moated castle Gut Bustedt in Hiddenhausen, the moated castle Gut Böckel and the house Kilver von 851 in Rödinghausen. In addition, there are many half-timbered farms typical of the Ravensberger Land with characteristic geck stakes and green gables, of which the Sattelmeier farms in Enger are particularly well known. The building of the Marta Herford by Frank Gehry is the most famous modern building in the district of Herford. The best-known park is the Park of Magical Water ( Aqua Magica ) in Löhne, which was built for the Bad Oeynhausen / Löhne 2000 state horticultural show and also extends to the area of ​​the city of Bad Oeynhausen in the neighboring district of Minden-Lübbecke .

See also : List of castles, palaces and fortresses in the Herford district

Sports

The largest stadium in the district is the Ludwig-Jahn-Stadion in Herford , which can hold over 18,000 visitors . Here, Herford SV (formerly the 1st Women's Bundesliga ) and the SC Herford (formerly the 2nd Bundesliga ), the two most famous football clubs in the district, play their home games. The handball club TuS Spenge plays in the regional handball league. The predecessor club of the Herford EV , the Herford EG, reached the promotion round to the 2nd ice hockey Bundesliga in 1994. The women's team of Play Off Rackets Herford has won the German squash championship several times . The Kreissportbund (KSB) Herford eV had 273 sports clubs in 2016, with a total of 71,624 members.

Nature and relaxation

Wiehengebirge seen from Bünde

In the densely populated district, the few forest and nature reserves have a special local recreational value. The only climatic health resort is Rödinghausen. Tourism plays only a minor role for the district as a whole. The north-west of the district has a small share in the TERRA.vita nature park (formerly the Northern Teutoburg Forest-Wiehengebirge nature park ). The district has 39 designated nature reserves, which, however, only make up 3.64 percent of the district area - for comparison: Detmold administrative district with 6.3 percent. Many of the nature reserves protect the Sieke typical of the Ravensberger Land as well as the few remaining near-natural forest areas, which are almost exclusively in Rödinghausen and Vlotho.

The nature reserves in the individual municipalities are (as of January 1, 2011; double mention if the area is distributed over several municipalities) :

City / municipality	Nature reserves	number	Total size in the municipality (in ha, rounded)	% of the community area	Map showing the location of the nature reserves
Frets	Bustedter Holz , Doberg , Elseaue , Gewinghauser Bachtal , Habighorster Wiesental , Ziegeleigrube Ennigloh	6th	175.22	2.95
Tighter	Asbeketal , Narrow Rift	2	077.00	1.87
Herford	Asbeke-Kinzbachtal , Bramschebach - Nagelsbachtal (2 areas), Füllenbruch , Jammertal , Uhlenbachtal	6th	351.93	4.45
Hiddenhausen	Bustedter wood, Bustedter meadows , Füllbruch	3	175.86	7.37
Kirchlengern	Elseaue, Rehmerloh-Mennighüffer Mühlenbach	2	240.97	7.13
Wages	Blutwiese , Bramschebach - Nagelsbachtal, Rehmerloh-Mennighüffer Mühlenbach, Sudbachtal	4th	163.62	2.75
Rödinghausen	Gehle , Habighorster Wiesental, Kilverbachtal , Schierenbeke , Wehmerhorster Wiesental	6th	191.73	5.29
Spenge	Turenbusch , Warmenau	2	56.16	1.39
Vlotho	Arnholz , Borstenbach , Eiberg , Heideholz , Kleiner Selberg , Linnenbeeke , Mittelbachtal , Paterberg , Plögereisiek , Salze -Glimketal , Exter sand pit , Siebenstücke , Vlothoer Weserwiesen	13	204.07	2.65

Economy and Infrastructure

Economic structure and labor market

The Kirchlengern power plant is the only major power plant in the Herford district.

After the extensive decline of the linen weaving industry (until the 19th century) and the cigar industry (until the 1960s), the Herford district developed into one of the centers of the European (kitchen) furniture industry. Every third kitchen produced in Europe comes from the district. In addition, there are suppliers to the furniture industry, especially from mechanical engineering. This also includes the largest company in the district in terms of employees, the Hettich Group . There are also several important fashion companies in the district. The largest companies with public participation are the Sparkasse Herford and E.ON Westfalen Weser . The economy is shaped by medium-sized industrial companies. Less than one percent of employees work in agriculture. Over 45% of employees work in the secondary sector and around 54% in the tertiary economic sector . With € 57,652 GDP per employed person and € 5369 purchasing power per inhabitant, the Herford district was the economically strongest district in Ostwestfalen-Lippe in 2005 . In July 2020 the unemployment rate in the Herford district was 6.5%.

In the Future Atlas 2016 , the Herford district was ranked 195th out of 402 districts, municipal associations and urban districts in Germany, making it one of the regions with a “balanced risk-opportunity mix” for the future.

See also: Company from the Herford district

traffic

Road traffic

Motorways 2 and 30 run through the district . The B 239 ( Detmold- Herford-Kirchlengern- Lübbecke ) crosses the district as an important north-south connection and is developed as a motorway-like road around Herford . Other important roads are federal highways 61 (Bielefeld-Herford-Löhne), 514 (Vlotho- Bad Oeynhausen ) and 482 (Vlotho- Porta Westfalica ).

The road traffic authority responsible for the Herford district is based in Kirchlengern .

According to the Road Traffic Office, 168,354 vehicles (cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, etc.) were registered in the Herford district on January 1, 2011, of which 143,916 were passenger cars, 13,106 commercial vehicles and 11,332 motorcycles. With 575 cars per 1000 inhabitants, the Herford district has the third highest density of passenger cars of the 53 districts and independent cities in North Rhine-Westphalia.

Rail and bus transport

Herford train station

→ Main article : Local traffic in the Herford district

The district area is crossed by the main lines Berlin - Hanover - Ruhr area (see Hamm – Minden railway line ) and Hanover – Osnabrück - Amsterdam ( Löhne – Rheine railway line ), which are important for passenger and freight traffic in a west-east direction . Two single-track branch lines branch off from these lines: the Herford – Bünde– Rahden “ Ravensberger Bahn ” line, formerly via Sulingen to Bremen (a reactivation of this section is under discussion) and the Weserbahn (Bünde–) Löhne– Hameln - Hildesheim .

The district town of Herford has the second most frequented regional train station in East Westphalia-Lippe. Important stops are Herford ( IC , rarely ICE ) and Bünde (IC). The wages station has largely lost its former national significance and only stop for regional trains. Other regional train stations are located in Bieren , Schwenningdorf -Neue Mühle, Hiddenhausen- Schweicheln , Kirchlengern, Vlotho, and in Bruchmühlen (right on the state border in Lower Saxony ).

The small railway line of the Herford small railway is closed and mostly dismantled. From 1897 to 1937 there was another small railway between Kirchlengern and Oberlübbe (today the municipality of Hille ), the " Wallücker Willem ".

Airfields and airports

The closest airfields are in Melle-Grönegau and Vennebeck .
The next international airports are Paderborn / Lippstadt , Münster / Osnabrück and Hanover .

Bike paths

Several long -distance cycle paths and local cycle paths cross the district, including the wellness cycle route , the BahnRadRoute Weser-Lippe , the Soleweg and the Else-Werre cycle path . The 151 km long cycle path is marked with HF 1 to HF 9 through almost all communities in the Herford district.

Waterways

The only port in the district is on the Weser near Vlotho

The only waterway is the Weser , which flows through the district at Vlotho. The port of Vlotho was once an important port, but the importance of the nearby Mindener ports ( Minden-Lübbecke district ) is now clearly exceeded.

Public facilities

The district administration is located in Herford with the exception of the Road Traffic Office (Kirchlengern). The supraregional administrative facility is the central tax stamp office in Bünde, where the banderoles (tax stamps) for all tobacco products are issued. The district's three acute hospitals are the Evangelical Lukas Hospital in Bünde , the Herford Clinic and the Mathilden Hospital , also in Herford.

dishes

For frets, Roedinghausen and Kirchlengern that's District Court frets responsible for Herford, Enger, Spenge and Hiddenhausen the District Court Herford . The district court of Bad Oeynhausen is responsible for the city of Vlotho. The Bielefeld Regional Court is superordinate to these .

military

There have been no military facilities in the Herford district since 2016. Until then, the headquarters of around 900 soldiers from the 1st British Panzer Division were stationed in Herford . There were also barracks and housing estates of the British troops in Germany in other cities and towns in the district . The Soviet military mission in the British sector was stationed in Bünde until 1991 . Until the beginning of 2014, the only German military facility was the District Army Replacement Office in Herford.

media

The Neue Westfälische and the Westfalen-Blatt appear as daily newspapers with a local section for most of the towns and communities in the district. Radio Herford is the local radio for the Herford district. From October 1990 to July 2009, the headquarters of the British soldiers broadcaster British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) was in Herford.

education

The grammar school on the market in Bünde

The Herford district maintains the adult education center in the Herford district. The only university is the University of Church Music of the Evangelical Church of Westphalia in Herford. In the circle are u. a. 54 primary schools (11,545 pupils), five secondary schools (2077), ten secondary schools (5541), eight grammar schools (7911), six comprehensive schools (6547), eight vocational colleges and five vocational schools (as of October 15, 2005). With the Friedrichs-Gymnasium, Herford is one of the schools with the longest continuous tradition in Germany.

Culinary

The cuisine corresponds to the Westphalian or Lippe cuisine . The best-known product that is associated with the Herford district is Herford Pils from the Felsenkeller brewery in Hiddenhausen.

Healthcare

The Herford district is considered to be the district with the smallest density of general practitioners in Germany; in 2018 there were only 50.4 general practitioners for every 100,000 inhabitants.

Great personalities

Wellensiek and Steinmeister monument in Bünde

The most important personalities associated with the Herford district are:

• Widukind or Wittekind . The remains of the Duke of Saxony are believed to be in the collegiate church in Enger . Widukind gives the circle its nickname Wittekindskreis .
• Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann (* 1662 in Herford; † 1736 in Dresden), builder and architect of the Dresden Zwinger .
• Hermann Höpker-Aschoff (* 1883 in Herford, † 1954 in Karlsruhe), First President of the Federal Constitutional Court and Prussian Finance Minister.
• Karl Steinhoff (* 1892 in Herford; † 1981 in Wilhelmshorst), Prime Minister of the State of Brandenburg and Minister of the Interior of the GDR .
• Tönnies Wellensiek (* 1821 in Bünde; † 1903 in Bünde), authoritative founder of the tobacco industry in the region.

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district of Herford was assigned the distinctive symbol HF when the license plates that are still valid today were introduced . It is still issued today.

See also

• List of museums in the Herford district

literature

• Herford district (ed.): 150 years of Herford district. Self-published by the Herford district administration, Herford 1966, DNB 456965181 .
• A. Ludorff, Provincial Associations of the Province of Westphalia (ed.): The building and art monuments of Westphalia. The construction and art monuments of the Herford district. Schöningh, Münster in Westphalia 1908, DNB 361173202 .
• Norbert Sahrhage: Dictatorship and Democracy in a Protestant Region. City and district of Herford 1929 to 1953. Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-89534-548-2 .
• Klaus Wöhler, Herford district administration (ed.): Wittekindskreis Herford. 2nd Edition. Verlag Kommunikation u. Economy, Oldenburg 2003, ISBN 3-88363-220-1 .
• Gert Woeste: The Wittekindsland from a bird's eye view. Herford district in the aerial view. General-Anzeiger-Verlag, Bonn 1985, ISBN 3-924551-03-0 .

Web links

Commons : Kreis Herford  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

• Website of the Herford district
• Chronicle of the Herford district
• History of the Herford district
• Territorial.de: Chronicle of the Herford district
• Website with extensive statistics
• Herford district in the Westphalia culture atlas

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .   ( Help on this )
2. ↑ State database NRW
3. ↑ Meteorological information ( Memento of February 18, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), html, State Office for Data Processing and Statistics, access date: July 2, 2007
4. ↑ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia: Municipal profile of the Herford district  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 219 kB)  
5. ↑ Statistical-topographical overview of the government district of Minden 1821. In: Digital Collections ULB Münster. P. 38 ff , accessed on March 3, 2014 . 
6. ^ Official Journal of the Minden Government 1831: Change in the regional division of Westphalia
7. ↑ Westfalenlexikon 1832-1835 . In: Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (Ed.): Reprints for the Westphalian archive maintenance . tape 3 . Münster 1978, p. 151 (reprint of the original from 1834).
8. ↑ Landgemeinde -ordnung for the Province of Westphalia from October 31, 1841 (PDF; 1.6 MB)
9. ^ Official Journal of the Minden Government: Formation of the offices in the Herford district. Retrieved February 2, 2014 . 
10. ↑ ^{a b c d} Wolfgang Leesch: Administration in Westphalia 1815-1945 . In: Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia . tape 38 . Aschendorff, Münster 1992, ISBN 3-402-06845-1 , p. 396 .
11. ^ Official Journal of the Minden Government 1851: Formation of the Bünde-Rödinghausen Office
12. ^ Official Journal of the Minden Government 1865: Separation of the offices of Bünde and Rödinghausen
13. ^ ^{A b c d e} Wolfgang Leesch: Administration in Westphalia 1815–1945 . In: Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia . tape 38 . Aschendorff, Münster 1992, ISBN 3-402-06845-1 , p. 380 .
14. ^ Official Journal of the Minden Government 1851: Formation of the Gohfeld-Menninghüffen Office
15. ^ Official Journal of the Minden Government 1865: Separation of the Gohfeld and Menninghüffen offices
16. ↑ Karl Grossmann: History of the Office Vlotho . 1246-1963. Vlotho 1963.
17. ^ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Minden, structure of the Herford district. (Digitalisat) 1866, p. 12 , accessed on March 3, 2014 . 
18. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 323 .
19. ^ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia: Special series on the 1987 population census in North Rhine-Westphalia, Volume 1.1: Population, private households and employed persons. Düsseldorf 1989, p. 110.
20. ↑ State Statistical Office of North Rhine-Westphalia: Municipal statistics of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia: population development 1816–1871. Düsseldorf 1966, pp. 56-63.
21. ↑ State Statistical Office of North Rhine-Westphalia: Municipal statistics of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia: Population development 1871–1961. Düsseldorf 1964, pp. 66-67.
22. ^ State Statistical Office of North Rhine-Westphalia: The resident population in the communities of North Rhine-Westphalia 1970: Results of the census on May 27, 1970. Düsseldorf 1972, p. 41.
23. ^ ^{A b c} State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia: State database North Rhine-Westphalia
24. ^ Matthias E. Borner: Pömpel, Plüdden, Pingeljachd. Basic vocabulary for survival in the Wittekindskreis Herford . Verlagsunion Vox Rindvieh, Gütersloh 2011, ISBN 978-3-00-035547-9 .
25. ↑ What do the people of North Rhine-Westphalia believe? First results of a study on religious plurality , PDF, Volkhard Krech, Ruhr-Uni Bochum, status: 2006.
26. ↑ Both regional churches, ecclesiastical provinces of Saxony and Westphalia , were linked to one another as member churches of the Evangelical Church of the Union , as the old Prussian church was called from 1953 onwards.
27. ↑ http://www.wahlresults.nrw.de/kommunalwahlen/2014/aktuell/a758000kw1400.html
28. ^ ^{A b} State Returning Officer North Rhine-Westphalia: Local elections
29. ↑ See Siegfried Kesselmeier: Ein Westfälischer Römer. On the poetic work of Ferdinand von Fürstenberg . In: Norbert Börste, Jörg Ernesti (eds.): Ferdinand von Fürstenberg: Prince-Bishop of Paderborn and Münster; Prince of Peace and Good Shepherd . Schöningh, Paderborn / Munich / Vienna / Zurich 2004, ISBN 3-506-71319-1 , pp. 333–357 (Paderborn theological studies; Volume 42). P. 343, footnote 31.
30. ↑ The respective issue of the State Statistical Office (LDS NRW), Mauerstr. 51, Düsseldorf, with the election results at the district level
31. ^ Wolfgang Knackstedt: Chronicle of the Herford district. Herford 1983, p. 144.
32. ↑ IHK figures table , PDF, as of 2007
33. ↑ Regional statistical information. In: statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency, accessed on August 11, 2020 . 
34. ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
35. ^ Neue Westfälische of April 27, 2011: Motor vehicles on January 1, 2011 in the Herford district
36. ↑ Federal Medical Register of the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians ; quoted in Ärzte-Zeitung online from May 3, 2019.