Principality of Lübeck

Map of the Principality of Lübeck, 1819

Landtag trip to the Principality of Lübeck (1907)

Old boundary stone of the Principality of Lübeck near Hassendorf (Ostholstein)

Coat of arms of the Principality of Lübeck until 1918

The Principality of Lübeck was a historical territory in the Holy Roman Empire , the German Confederation and the German Empire , there since 1918 referred to as the state of Lübeck . The term Eutin was also in use in the 19th and 20th centuries.

history

The Principality of Lübeck was established in 1803 with the secularization of the Lübeck bishopric as decided upon at the Imperial Deputation and was part of the sovereignty of the Dukes / Grand Dukes of Oldenburg , as the Prince-Bishops of Lübeck had ruled the Duchy of Oldenburg since the Treaty of Tsarskoe Selo in 1773 . This was made possible by the Duke of Holstein-Gottorf Paul I. At the insistence of his mother Katharina II , he transferred the Duchy of Oldenburg to his great-uncle Friedrich August , the then Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, in order to be able to become Russian Grand Duke himself . The center of the rule was the residential city of Eutin with the Eutin Castle .

In 1803 the 9.5 square mile territory had 22,000 residents. From 1811 to 1814 the southern part belonged to the French Empire and was an exclave of the Départements des Bouches de l'Elbe . The northern part remained unoccupied. After Napoleon's defeat , the principality was reassigned to the domain of the dukes (from 1814 grand dukes ) of Oldenburg . The governance practiced one appointed by the Grand Dukes of Oldenburg district president from. After the German-Danish War and the German war was the principality in Kiel contract (1867) Oldenburg shear to offset inheritance rights in Schleswig-Holstein , the Office Ahrensboek of Prussia .

After the end of the monarchy in 1918, the exclave became part of Lübeck in the Free State of Oldenburg . Eutin remained the capital; the city of Lübeck itself, which had never been part of the principality before, remained as a free city an independent member state within the German Empire. NSDAP district leader of the Lübeck region was from November 1930 and from 1937 the later deputy district leader in Ostholstein Wolfgang Saalfeldt , who was a surgeon by profession and lived in Eutin. With the Greater Hamburg Act , the Lübeck part of the state was reclassified as the Eutin district from the Free State of Oldenburg to the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein in 1937 . Today the area is part of the Ostholstein district .

Until 1977 the former part of Lübeck with the Evangelical Lutheran Church Eutin had its own Evangelical Church, which then merged into the North Elbian Evangelical Lutheran Church .

structure

The Principality of Lübeck was divided

• Until 1843 in
  • a northern part, consisting of:
    • City of Eutin
    • Amt Kollegiatstift (located in Eutin)
    • Office of Eutin
    • as well as the Allodialgut Benz with the current name: Gut Benzerhof
  • a southern part, consisting of:
    • Amt Kaltenhof (located in Schwartau )
    • Office Großvogtei (located in Schwartau)

• From 1843 (after merging the offices of Kaltenhof and Großvogtei and carrying out the exchange of territory with Holstein agreed in the Plön Treaty of 1842 ) (including cession of the office of Kollegiatstift ) in
  • City of Eutin
  • Office of Eutin
  • Office Schwartau

• On June 19, 1867 , the Ahrensbök office (excluding Travenhorst ) went to the Principality of Lübeck as a result of the Kiel Treaty concluded on February 23, 1867 - the Principality of Lübeck thus existed
  • City of Eutin
  • Office of Eutin
  • Office Schwartau
  • Ahrensbök Office

• In 1879 the offices were dissolved in favor of the government in Eutin - with jurisdiction being transferred to the local courts on the basis of the Reich Justice Acts. Thus the Principality of Lübeck existed
  • Spots Ahrensbök
  • Rural municipality of Ahrensbök
  • municipality Bosau
  • Curau municipality
  • City of Eutin
  • Rural community of Eutin
  • community Gleschendorf
  • community Gnissau
  • Malente municipality
  • municipality Neukirchen
  • Community Obernwohlde
  • Municipality East Ratekau
  • Municipality Reding village
  • Rensefeld municipality
  • Flecken Schwartau (from 1912 "City")
  • community Siblin
  • Community of Süsel
  • Municipality Stockelsdorf
  • Municipality West Ratekau

• Since 1934 , the "Lübeck region" has been divided into nine municipalities
  • Ahrensbök municipality
  • municipality Bosau
  • City of Eutin
  • community Gleschendorf
  • Malente municipality
  • City of Bad Schwartau
  • Community of Süsel
  • Municipality Stockelsdorf
  • municipality Ratekau

(Previously were due to the Oldenburg Simplification Act for the Lübeck region

• Parts of the rural community Rensefeld to Bad Schwartau been incorporated.
• the communities of West Ratekau and East Ratekau to the community Ratekau been merged
• the communities Malente Neukirchen to the municipality Malente been merged
• the community Gnissau, the city Ahrensbök, the rural community Ahrensbök with parts of the communities Siblin and Curau and Obernwohlde have been merged to form the community Ahrensbök
• the Redingsdorf community has been incorporated into the Süsel community with parts of the Siblin community
• Parts of the communities Obernwohlde , Curau and Rensefeld have been incorporated into the Stockelsdorf community
• the rural community of Eutin has been incorporated into the city of Eutin )

District President

• 1809–1812 Hans Detlef von Hammerstein
• 1812–1825 Hans Albrecht von Maltzan

(Vacancy)

• 1829–1848 Wilhelm von Grote

(Vacancy)

• 1853–1857 Carl Zedelius
• 1857–1871 Anton Barnstedt
• 1871 Johann Ernst Greverus
• 1871–1885 Carl Franz Nikolaus Bucholtz
• 1885–1891 Werner August Friedrich Lentz
• 1891–1896 Adolf Mutzenbecher
• 1896–1908 Alexander Christian von Buttel
• 1908–1919 Peter Friedrich Nicolaus Meyer
• 1927–1930 Friedrich Cassebohm

Administration of justice

With the entry into force of the Reich Justice Laws , the district courts of the Principality of Lübeck in Ahrensbök, Eutin , Oldenburg (Holstein) and Schwartau were under state treaties up to the Greater Hamburg Law of 1937, the district court of Lübeck and the Hanseatic Higher Regional Court (in Hamburg ). From 1937 the higher regional court of Kiel in the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein was responsible as the higher court.

literature

• Gerhard Köbler : sv Lübeck (Hochstift, Principality). In ders .: Historical lexicon of the German states. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , pp. 394-395.
• Otto Rönnpag: The Oldenburg region of Lübeck between the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck and the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein (1918–1937) ; Oldenburg 1985 (also published in: Journal for Schleswig-Holstein History , Volume 110 (pp. 263-294), Neumünster 1985).
• Rudolf Illing: The Principality of Lübeck in its relations with the Free State of Oldenburg and the neighboring states of Lübeck and Schleswig-Holstein. Schleswig-Holstein Committee for the Principality of Lübeck, Vollbehr & Riepen, Kiel 1921.

Web links

Commons : Principality of Lübeck  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Search for the Principality of Lübeck in the SPK digital portal of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
• Society for Schleswig-Holstein History
• Mention of the structure of the Principality of Lübeck
• Municipal directory Germany 1900, Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, Principality of Lübeck
• About the merger of Malente and Neukirchen
• To form the community of Ahrensbök

Individual evidence

1. ^ For this reason, Eduard Alberti called his Lexicon editions Lexicon of Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg and Eutinian writers ; see also: Otto Rönnpag: The Oldenburg region of Lübeck (Eutin) between the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck and the Prussian Province of Schleswig-Holstein 1918-1937 , In: Association for the care and promotion of local history in Eutinian e. V .: Jahrbuch für Heimatkunde Eutin , Oldenburg 1985, p. 79 ff.
2. ^ Sebastian Lehmann: District leader of the NSDAP in Schleswig-Holstein. Résumés and rulership practices of a regional power elite. Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2007, ISBN 978-3-89534-653-8 , p. 85.
3. ^ Agreement between Oldenburg and Lübeck on the establishment of a joint regional court for the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck and the Grand Ducal Oldenburg Principality of Lübeck. From 29./30. September 1878. In: Yearbook of the German Constitutional Court in 1880, pp 317 -322.