District of Bartenstein (East Pr.)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms map
Coat of arms of the district of Bartenstein (Ostpr.) Location of the district
Basic data (status approx. 1945)
Existing period: 1818 - 1945
Country : Free State of Prussia
Province : East Prussia
Administrative region : Koenigsberg
Administrative headquarters : Bartenstein
Surface: 881.09 km²
Residents : 50,448 (May 17, 1939)
Population density : 57.3 inhabitants per km²
License plate : IC
1953 planned: BAR
Circle structure: 77 municipalities
1 manor district
in 30 administrative districts
Seal mark of the royal district administrator of the Friedland district

The Friedland district , from 1927 to 1945: Bartenstein district (from 1939 Bartenstein district ), was a district in the Prussian province of East Prussia and existed from 1818 to 1945.

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

After the Congress of Vienna , with the district reforms in the Kingdom of Prussia on February 1, 1818, the Friedland district in the Königsberg district of East Prussia was established.

This included the parishes :

The district office was in Friedland.

As early as April 1, 1819, extensive changes were made to the district boundaries:

  • Outsourcing of the parish Almenhausen / Abschwangen from the Friedland district to the Kreuzburg district ,
  • Integration of the parishes of Bartenstein, Falkenau, Gallingen and Groß Schwansfeld from the Rastenburg district into the Friedland district ,
  • Incorporation of the parishes of Friedenberg and Groß Schönau from the Friedland district into the Gerdauen district .

After the merger of the previous provinces of Prussia and West Prussia in 1824, the district belonged to the province of Prussia with its seat in Königsberg .

On April 1, 1845, the district seat was moved from Friedland to Domnau .

North German Confederation and German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . After the province of Prussia was divided into the provinces of East and West Prussia , the Friedland district became part of East Prussia on April 1, 1878.

On December 10, 1895, the Heinrichshof property , which had previously been mistakenly included in the Friedland district, was incorporated into the Wehlau district by the Friedland district.

The district office had been in Bartenstein since October 1, 1902, but it remained with the previous district name. Only from October 21, 1927 did the Friedland district use the name Bartenstein .

On November 1, 1928, the manor districts Bonschen, Glommen, Karolinenhof and Keegels moved from the Bartenstein district to the Preussisch Eylau district .

On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Bartenstein district in line with developments in the rest of Prussia, in which almost all previously independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. At the same time, the Elisenau-Frisching estate, Forst from the Bartenstein district to the Wehlau district . Around 1929 the district of Bartenstein had around 43,200 inhabitants with a total area of ​​880 km².

Occupied by the Red Army during the East Prussian Operation (1945) , the district came under Soviet administration. Due to the Potsdam Agreement , the district was divided by the Polish-Soviet demarcation line in the summer of 1945 when the occupation zones were established. The northern half came under Soviet administration and since the dissolution of the Soviet Union has been in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad , divided between the Pravdinsk Raion ( Friedland ) and the Bagrationovsk Raion ( Prussian Eylau ). The southern half of the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power together with the southern half of East Prussia and all of West Prussia and is now in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , where it forms the Powiat Bartoszycki ( Bartenstein District ). As far as the German residents had not fled, they were expelled from the Polish-administered part of the district by the local Polish administrative authorities after the end of the war .

Local constitution

The Friedland district was initially divided into town communities, rural communities and - until they were almost completely eliminated - in independent manor districts.

With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitution Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all municipalities from January 1, 1934. The previous municipalities of Bartenstein, Domnau, Friedland and Schippenbeil now carried the name city .

With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the municipal constitution valid in the German Reich came into force on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . These were grouped together in administrative districts .

A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .

District administrators

Otto von Gottberg

cities and communes

Administrative structure 1945

At the beginning of 1945, the Bartenstein district consisted of 77 municipalities, including the cities of Bartenstein , Domnau , Friedland and Schippenbeil and an estate district:

Districts & Municipalities (1931) Population (1939) comment
City of Bartenstein (East Pr.) 12,912  
1. Bartenstein (Ostpr.), City   free of charge
City of Domnau 0 2,990  
1. Domnau city   free of charge
City of Friedland (East Pr.) 0 4,417  
1. Friedland (Ostpr.), City   free of charge
City of Schippenbeil 0 3,434  
1. Schippenbeil, city   free of charge
Allenau district 00 820  
1. Allenau 00528  
2. Heyde 00213  
3. Kukhnen 00079  
District Böttchersdorf 00 733  
1. Böttchersdorf 00629  
2. Hohenstein 00104  
District of Deutsch Wilten (until 1930 Abbarten) 0 1,460  
1. German Wilten 00759  
2. Georgenau 00312  
3. Wolmen 00389  
Falkenau district (until 1930 Wöterkeim) 0 1,095  
1. Falkenau 00552  
2. Word seed 00543  
Gallingen district 0 1,034  
1. Gallingen 00800  
2. Grommels 00234  
Gallitten district (until 1930 Galben) 00 735  
1. Gallits 00275  
2. Gender 00460  
Groß Klitten district (until 1930 Groß Domnau) 00 685  
1. Big Klitten 00275  
2. Prussian Wilten 00410  
Groß Schwansfeld district 00 864  
1. Both thirds 00384  
2. Groß Schwansfeld 00480  
Groß Schwaraunen district 0 1,708  
1. Big blacks 00462  
2. Hermenhagen 00341  
3. Kraftshagen 00536  
4. Plenary sessions 00369  
District Kapsitten (until 1934 Gertlack) 00 439  
1. Kapsitten Renamed May 8, 1934, formerly Gertlack
Karschau district 00 342  
1. Karschau 00127  
2. Kipitten 00215  
Kinkeim District 00 673  
1. Kinkeim 00161  
2. Sand varnish 00156  
3. Trumpets 00356  
District of Klein Schönau (until 1930 Dietrichswalde) 00 548  
1. Dietrichswalde 00244  
2. Klein Schönau (East Pr.) 00304  
Klingenberg district 00 496  
1. Klingenberg  
Landskron district 00 893  
1. Landskron 00723  
2. Langhanken 00170  
District Langendorf 0 1,008  
1. Langendorf 00618  
2. Stolzenfeld 00390  
Liekeim district 0 1,138  
1. Damerau 00551  
2. Legien 00134  
3. Liekeim 00187  
4. Siddau 00266  
Liesken district 0 1,611  
1. Liesken parish-free manor district 00561  
2. Rose germ 00233  
3. Skitten 00315  
4. Söllen 00259  
5. Wehrwilten 00243  
District of Maxkeim 00 983  
1. Walk away 00180  
2. Maxkeim 00363  
3. Nohnen 00106  
4. Wang rides 00186  
5. Come on 00148  
Mertensdorf district 00 369  
1. Mertensdorf  
Polkitten District 00 740  
1. Lap germ 00288  
2. Polkitten 00181  
3. Redden 00271  
District Romsdorf 00 832  
1. Massaunen 00375  
2. Romsdorf 00457  
Rosenort district 00 695  
1. Pass varnish 00419  
2. Rosenort 00276  
Schönbruch District 0 2,123  
1. Big Poninken 00448  
2. Juditten 00536  
3. Schönbruch 01,139  
District of Schönwalde 00 568  
1. Schönbaum 00241  
2. Schönwalde 00327  
District of Schwönau 00 874  
1. Heinrichsdorf 00309  
2. Schwönau 00373  
3. Sommerfeld 00192  
Sehmen District 00 503  
1. Take  
District Spittehnen 0 1,091  
1. Ardappen 00122  
2. Loyds 00206  
3. Marks 00434  
4. Spinal tendons 00329  
Stockheim district (until 1937 pussiness) 00 850  
1. Eisenbart 00306  
2. Stockheim 00544  
District Wohnsdorf (until 1930 Groß Wohnsdorf) 00 785  
1. Althof 00230  
2. Residential village 00555  

Place names

Two towns were given different names in 1938:

  • Bartenstein: Bartenstein (Ostpr.)
  • Friedland i. Ostpr .: Friedland (Ostpr.)

literature

in order of appearance
  • Leopold Krug : The Prussian Monarchy - represented topographically, statistically and economically . Part 1: Province of East Prussia , Berlin 1833, pp. 479-543 .
  • Adolf Schlott: Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Königsberg, according to official sources . Hartung, Königsberg 1861, pp 77-87.
  • Prussian Ministry of Finance: The results of the property and building tax assessment in the Königsberg administrative district : Berlin 1966, 5th Friedland district, pp. 1–43.
  • Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, p. 16, item 9.

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Bartenstein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Big Brockhaus . 15th edition, 2nd volume, Leipzig 1929, p. 333.
  2. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Free State of Prussia, Volume 1: Province of East Prussia, Berlin 1931
  3. ^ Official directory of the German Reich 1939, 2nd edition 1941
  4. ^ Official directory of the German Reich 1939, 2nd edition 1941